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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Barnes, H.G.; Tucker, R.L.; Grant, B.D.; Roberts, G.D.; Prades, M. openurl 
  Title Lag screw stabilization of a cervical vertebral fracture by use of computed tomography in a horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1995 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume (down) 206 Issue 2 Pages 221-223  
  Keywords Animals; Bone Screws/*veterinary; Cervical Vertebrae/*injuries/surgery; Fracture Fixation, Internal/methods/*veterinary; Horses/*injuries/surgery; Male; Spinal Fractures/surgery/*veterinary; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary  
  Abstract A traumatic fracture of C2 was diagnosed radiographically in a 1-year-old German Warm-blood stallion. Fracture configuration was difficult to see on survey radiographs. Computed tomography yielded a more accurate assessment of the fracture and facilitated fracture repair with cortical lag screws. Precise screw placement, to avoid spinal cord damage, was obtained by use of computed tomography. Follow-up radiography revealed normal bone healing, and the horse was in dressage schooling 24 months after surgery.  
  Address Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman 99164-6610  
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  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:7751226 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3744  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Connor, R.J.; Kawaoka, Y.; Webster, R.G.; Paulson, J.C. doi  openurl
  Title Receptor specificity in human, avian, and equine H2 and H3 influenza virus isolates Type Journal Article
  Year 1994 Publication Virology Abbreviated Journal Virology  
  Volume (down) 205 Issue 1 Pages 17-23  
  Keywords Amino Acid Sequence; Amino Acids/genetics; Animals; Carbohydrate Sequence; Chick Embryo; Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; Hemagglutinins, Viral/genetics; Influenza A virus/*metabolism; Molecular Sequence Data; Receptors, Virus/*metabolism; Species Specificity; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics  
  Abstract The receptor specificity of 56 H2 and H3 influenza virus isolates from various animal species has been determined to test the relevance of receptor specificity to the ecology of influenza virus. The results show that the receptor specificity of both H2 and H3 isolates evaluated for sialic acid linkage specificity and inhibition of hemagglutination by horse serum correlates with the species of origin, as postulated earlier for H3 strains based on a limited survey of five human, three avian, and one equine strain. Elucidation of the amino acid sequence of several human H2 receptor variants and analysis of known sequences of H2 and H3 isolates revealed that receptor specificity varies in association with an amino acid change at residues 228 in addition to the change at residue 226 previously documented to affect receptor specificity of H3 but not H1 isolates. Residues 226 and 228 are leucine and serine in human isolates, which preferentially bind sialic acid alpha 2,6-galactose beta 1,4-N-acetyl glucosamine (SA alpha 2,6Gal), and glutamine and glycine in avian and equine isolates, which exhibit specificity for sialic acid alpha-2,3-galactose beta-1,3-N-acetyl galactosamine (SA alpha 2,3Gal). The results demonstrate that the correlation of receptor specificity and species of origin is maintained across both H2 and H3 influenza virus serotypes and provide compelling evidence that influenza virus hosts exert selective pressure to maintain the receptor specificity characteristics of strains isolated from that species.  
  Address Department of Biological Chemistry, UCLA School of Medicine 90024-1737  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0042-6822 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:7975212 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2662  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Andrews, F.M.; Ralston, S.L.; Sommardahl, C.S.; Maykuth, P.L.; Green, E.M.; White, S.L.; Williamson, L.H.; Holmes, C.A.; Geiser, D.R. openurl 
  Title Weight, water, and cation losses in horses competing in a three-day event Type Journal Article
  Year 1994 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume (down) 205 Issue 5 Pages 721-724  
  Keywords Animals; Body Water/*metabolism; Body Weight/*physiology; Exertion/*physiology; Female; Horses/blood/*metabolism; Male; Physical Conditioning, Animal/physiology; Physical Endurance/physiology; Potassium/*blood; Sodium/*blood  
  Abstract Body weight of 48 horses competing in a 3-day event was measured the day before the event (baseline), following the dressage phase of the event (day 1), after the endurance phases of the event (day 2), and 18 to 24 hours after the endurance phases (day 3). Plasma sodium and potassium concentrations were measured the evening before, immediately after, and 10 minutes after the endurance phases. Total body water, water loss, and net exchangeable cation loss were then calculated. Body weight and total body water were significantly decreased, compared with baseline values, at all times during the event, and significant water loss was detected. The largest changes were recorded after the endurance phases of the event. Water deficits were still detected 18 to 24 hours after the endurance phases of the event. Mean plasma sodium concentration was significantly increased immediately after the endurance phases of the event, compared with concentration measured the evening before, and remained increased after the 10-minute recovery period, presumably because of dehydration. Mean plasma potassium concentration was significantly increased immediately after the endurance phases of the event, compared with concentration measured the evening before, but was not increased after the 10-minute recovery period.  
  Address Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tennessee, Knoxville 37901-1071  
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  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:7989242 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3745  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Houpt, K.A.; Feldman, J. openurl 
  Title Animal behavior case of the month. Aggression toward a neonatal foal by its dam Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume (down) 203 Issue 9 Pages 1279-1280  
  Keywords Animals; Animals, Newborn; *Behavior, Animal; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Horses/*psychology; *Maternal Behavior; Rejection (Psychology); Restraint, Physical/veterinary  
  Abstract  
  Address Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401  
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  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:8253618 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 36  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Houpt, K.A.; Smith, R. openurl 
  Title Animal behavior case of the month Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume (down) 203 Issue 3 Pages 377-378  
  Keywords Aggression; Animals; Animals, Zoo/*psychology; *Behavior, Animal; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/*psychology; *Weaning  
  Abstract  
  Address Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8226214 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 37  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Luescher, U.A. openurl 
  Title More on self-mutilative behavior in horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume (down) 203 Issue 9 Pages 1252-1253  
  Keywords Animals; Female; Horses/*psychology; Male; *Self Mutilation  
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  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8253611 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 1942  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author McDonnell, S.M. openurl 
  Title More on self-mutilative behavior in horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume (down) 202 Issue 10 Pages 1545-1546  
  Keywords Animals; Female; Horses/*injuries/psychology; Male; *Self Mutilation  
  Abstract  
  Address  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8514553 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 1943  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author McClure, S.R.; Chaffin, M.K. openurl 
  Title Self-mutilative behavior in horses Type Journal Article
  Year 1993 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume (down) 202 Issue 2 Pages 179-180  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Horse Diseases; Horses; Male; *Self Mutilation  
  Abstract  
  Address  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
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  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8428817 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 1944  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Dart, A.J.; Snyder, J.R.; Pascoe, J.R.; Meagher, D.M.; Wilson, W.D. openurl 
  Title Prepurchase evaluation of horses: 134 cases (1988-1990) Type Journal Article
  Year 1992 Publication Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association Abbreviated Journal J Am Vet Med Assoc  
  Volume (down) 201 Issue 7 Pages 1061-1067  
  Keywords Animals; Follow-Up Studies; Horse Diseases/*diagnosis/radiography; Horses; Interviews; Lameness, Animal/*diagnosis/radiography; Physical Examination/*veterinary; Retrospective Studies; Telephone  
  Abstract To quantify some components of prepurchase evaluations in horses, records from 134 evaluations performed during a 2-year period were reviewed and the outcome was determined via telephone follow-up interview. Sixty-two percent of the prepurchase evaluations had been performed at the clinic and 38% had been performed in the field by the ambulatory service. All evaluations included physical and lameness examinations, whereas radiography (49%), endoscopy (15%), nerve blocking (5%), transrectal palpation (3%), hematologic analysis (2%), electrocardiography (2%), drug testing for analgesic agents (2%), and ultrasonography of the flexor tendons (1%) were not always performed. Fifty-nine percent of horses evaluated at the clinic were radiographed, compared with 33% of horses evaluated in the field (P less than 0.05). Thirty-seven percent of horses evaluated were judged serviceable for their intended use. Thirty-five percent of horses evaluated at the clinic were assessed to be serviceable, compared with 41% of those evaluated in the field (P less than 0.05). Horses used for pleasure riding (48%) tended to be considered serviceable more often than horses used for more athletic endeavors (3-day eventing, 33%; hunter/jumper, 24%; show, 31%; dressage, 30%). The most common basis for finding a horse unserviceable was lameness (88%).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  
  Address Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California, Davis 95616  
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  ISSN 0003-1488 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:1429136 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 3753  
Permanent link to this record
 
 
Author Bennett, A.T. openurl 
  Title Do animals have cognitive maps? Type Journal Article
  Year 1996 Publication The Journal of Experimental Biology Abbreviated Journal J Exp Biol  
  Volume (down) 199 Issue Pt 1 Pages 219-224  
  Keywords Animals; Cognition/*physiology; Humans; Space Perception/*physiology; Visual Pathways  
  Abstract Drawing on studies of humans, rodents, birds and arthropods, I show that 'cognitive maps' have been used to describe a wide variety of spatial concepts. There are, however, two main definitions. One, sensu Tolman, O'Keefe and Nadel, is that a cognitive map is a powerful memory of landmarks which allows novel short-cutting to occur. The other, sensu Gallistel, is that a cognitive map is any representation of space held by an animal. Other definitions with quite different meanings are also summarised. I argue that no animal has been conclusively shown to have a cognitive map, sensu Tolman, O'Keefe and Nadel, because simpler explanations of the crucial novel short-cutting results are invariably possible. Owing to the repeated inability of experimenters to eliminate these simpler explanations over at least 15 years, and the confusion caused by the numerous contradictory definitions of a cognitive map, I argue that the cognitive map is no longer a useful hypothesis for elucidating the spatial behaviour of animals and that use of the term should be avoided.  
  Address Department of Pure Mathematics, University of Adelaide, Australia  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0022-0949 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:8576693 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2756  
Permanent link to this record
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