| |
Records |
Links |
|
Author |
Colahan, P.; Lindsey, E.; Nunier, C. |
|
| |
Title |
Determination of the center of pressure of the hoofs of the forelimbs of horses standing on a flat level surface |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Acta Anatomica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Anat (Basel) |
|
| |
Volume |
146 |
Issue |
2-3 |
Pages |
175-178 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Forelimb/*physiology; Hoof and Claw/*physiology; Horses/*physiology; *Posture; Pressure |
|
| |
Abstract |
The pressure exerted on a flat level surface by recently trimmed, unshod hoofs of the front limbs of 23 sound, adult horses was measured using pressure-sensitive film and a specially built cassette. The horses were tranquilized and stood with one foot on the 2.9-cm-thick cassette and the other on a block of equal height. The hoofs were observed for motion during the measurement, and the developed film was examined for improper alignment of the film or slipping of the hoof. The center of pressure was located using the method of weighted proportions of Barrey. This static measurement system with a long measurement time and the number of measurements reduced the influence of variables inherent in the horses' behavior and the measuring system. The calculated point was recorded as falling medial to, lateral to or on a line bisecting the central sulcus of the frog. In the dorsal to palmar orientation the point was classified with reference to a line drawn halfway between the most dorsal and the most palmar mark on the film. Forty-six percent of the calculated centers of pressure were located in the medial heel area. Binomial analysis for large samples indicates that this was a significant variation from a random distribution. Seventy-six percent of the centers were located in or on the borders of the medial heel. |
|
| |
Address |
College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32608-0136 |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN  |
0001-5180 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:8470462 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
1946 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Clayton, H.M. |
|
| |
Title |
The extended canter: a comparison of some kinematic variables in horses trained for dressage and for racing |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Acta Anatomica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Anat (Basel) |
|
| |
Volume |
146 |
Issue |
2-3 |
Pages |
183-187 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animal Husbandry; Animals; *Gait; Horses/*physiology; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; *Sports |
|
| |
Abstract |
This study was designed to test the hypothesis that there is no significant difference in selected temporal and linear stride variables of the extended canter in horses bred and trained for dressage or racing. Nine advanced-level dressage horses and 7 Thoroughbred racehorses were filmed at a frame rate of 200 Hz at an extended canter on a sand track. Two strides were recorded per trial, and each horse performed 6 or 7 trials. Temporal and linear data were determined from the films, and descriptive statistics (mean, SD) were calculated. Strides were selected for analysis on the basis of having a velocity in the range of 6.0-7.0 m/s, and multivariate analysis of variance was used to detect significant differences in the stride kinematics of horses trained for the two sports (p < or = 0.01). The average velocity of the dressage horses was 6.37 m/s, compared with 6.40 m/s for the racehorses. There were no significant differences between the two groups in velocity, stride duration, stride length or the distances between limb placements. The stance durations of all four limbs and the overlaps between them were longer, whereas the duration of the suspension phase was shorter in the dressage horses than in the racehorses (p < or = 0.01). The time between impacts of the diagonal limb pair was close to zero in both groups, with individual horses showing some variability in the order of placement of the diagonal limb pair. However, the sequence of footfalls was not significantly different between the two groups (p < or = 0.01). |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-5180 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:8470464 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3751 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Argue, C.K.; Clayton, H.M. |
|
| |
Title |
A preliminary study of transitions between the walk and trot in dressage horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Acta Anatomica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Anat (Basel) |
|
| |
Volume |
146 |
Issue |
2-3 |
Pages |
179-182 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Forelimb/physiology; Gait/*physiology; Hindlimb/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Locomotion/physiology; *Physical Conditioning, Animal |
|
| |
Abstract |
The object of this study was to determine the limb support sequence during the transitions from walk to trot and from trot to walk in dressage horses under saddle and to test the null hypothesis that the limb support sequence during the transitions is not related to the level of training. Sixteen dressage horses training at novice to FEI Grand Prix level were videotaped performing an average of 9 transitions each from walk to trot and from trot to walk. The 30-Hz videotapes were viewed in slow motion, and based on the limb support sequence the transitions were categorized into two types. In type 1 transitions there were no intermediate steps between the walk and trot sequences. Type 2 transitions were characterized by intermediate steps, including a single support phase. The Kendall rank-order correlation coefficient showed that a higher level of training was positively associated with an increased percentage of type 1 transitions for both walk-to-trot transitions (p < or = 0.05) and trot-to-walk transitions (p < or = 0.01). No significant preference for initiating or completing the trot on the left or right diagonal was found using the binomial test for individual horses and the Wilcoxon signed-ranks test for the group. |
|
| |
Address |
Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-5180 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:8470463 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3752 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Levin, L.E.; Grillet, M.E. |
|
| |
Title |
[Diversified leadership: a social solution of problems in schools of fish] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Acta Cientifica Venezolana |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Cient Venez |
|
| |
Volume |
39 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
175-180 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Fishes; *Leadership; Reversal Learning/*physiology; *Social Behavior |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
Spanish |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
Liderazgo diversificado: una solucion social de problemas en el cardumen |
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-5504 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:3251383 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
|
Serial |
2045 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Yang, S. |
|
| |
Title |
Melioidosis research in China |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Acta Tropica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Trop |
|
| |
Volume |
77 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
157-165 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology; Burkholderia pseudomallei/drug effects/immunology/*pathogenicity; China/epidemiology; Cross Reactions; Glanders/immunology/microbiology; Horses; Humans; *Melioidosis/epidemiology/immunology/microbiology/veterinary; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Virulence |
|
| |
Abstract |
Research on melioidosis and its pathogen has been ongoing in China for more than two decades. It has been demonstrated that the natural foci are located predominantly in Hainan, Guangdong and Guangxi province, where there is a good correlation between soil isolation and the serum prevalence of antibodies to Burkholderia pseudomallei. The cases of melioidosis reported up to now are concentrated in the Hainan and Zhanjiang peninsula. Investigations on serotype, virulence, ecology, antibiotic susceptibility, whole cell analysis by gas chromatography, and genetics have led to a new understanding of the pathology of the disease. Immunological cross reactions between Burkholderia mallei and B. pseudomallei and the difference between melioidosis and glanders in horses is discussed. |
|
| |
Address |
Medical Research Institute, Yan-Ling (510507), Dongguanzhuang Road 91, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China. songyangch@hotmail.com |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-706X |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:11080506 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2649 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Morley, K.I.; Montgomery, G.W. |
|
| |
Title |
The genetics of cognitive processes: candidate genes in humans and animals |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Behavior Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Genet |
|
| |
Volume |
31 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
511-531 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Chromosome Mapping; Drosophila melanogaster; Genetic Markers/*genetics; Humans; Intelligence/*genetics; Mental Retardation/genetics; Mice; Phenotype; Quantitative Trait, Heritable |
|
| |
Abstract |
It has been hypothesized that numerous genes contribute to individual variation in human cognition. An extensive search of the scientific literature was undertaken to identify candidate genes which might contribute to this complex trait. A list of over 150 candidate genes that may influence some aspect of cognition was compiled. Some genes are particularly strong candidates based on evidence for involvement in cognitive processes in humans, mice, and Drosophila melanogaster. This survey confirms that many genes are associated with cognitive variation and highlights the potential importance of animal models in the study of human cognition. |
|
| |
Address |
Genetic Epidemiology Laboratory, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Australia |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-8244 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:11838530 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4141 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Bouchard, T.J.J.; Loehlin, J.C. |
|
| |
Title |
Genes, evolution, and personality |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Behavior Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Genet |
|
| |
Volume |
31 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
243-273 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Evolution; Genetics, Behavioral; Humans; Individuality; Personality/*genetics; Twin Studies |
|
| |
Abstract |
There is abundant evidence, some of it reviewed in this paper, that personality traits are substantially influenced by the genes. Much remains to be understood about how and why this is the case. We argue that placing the behavior genetics of personality in the context of epidemiology, evolutionary psychology, and neighboring psychological domains such as interests and attitudes should help lead to new insights. We suggest that important methodological advances, such as measuring traits from multiple viewpoints, using large samples, and analyzing data by modern multivariate techniques, have already led to major changes in our view of such perennial puzzles as the role of “unshared environment” in personality. In the long run, but not yet, approaches via molecular genetics and brain physiology may also make decisive contributions to understanding the heritability of personality traits. We conclude that the behavior genetics of personality is alive and flourishing but that there remains ample scope for new growth and that much social science research is seriously compromised if it does not incorporate genetic variation in its explanatory models. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Psychology. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis 55455, USA. bouch001@tc.umn.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-8244 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:11699599 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4142 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Weiss, A.; King, J.E.; Figueredo, A.J. |
|
| |
Title |
The heritability of personality factors in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Behavior Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Genet |
|
| |
Volume |
30 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
213-221 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Female; Humans; Male; Models, Genetic; Pan troglodytes/*genetics; Personality/*genetics; Social Environment |
|
| |
Abstract |
Human personality and behavior genetic studies have resulted in a growing consensus that five heritable factors account for most variance in human personality. Prior research showed that chimpanzee personality is composed of a dominance-related factor and five human-like factors--Surgency, Dependability, Emotional Stability, Agreeableness, and Openness. Genetic, shared zoo, and nonshared environmental variance components of the six factors were estimated by regressing squared phenotypic differences of all possible pairs of chimpanzees onto 1 – Rij, where Rij equals the degree of relationship and a variable indicating whether the pair was housed in the same zoo. Dominance showed significant narrow-sense heritability. Shared zoo effects accounted for only a negligible proportion of the variance for all factors. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Arizona, Tucson 85721, USA. aweiss@u.arizona.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-8244 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:11105395 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4143 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Boice, R. |
|
| |
Title |
Behavioral comparability of wild and domesticated rats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1981 |
Publication |
Behavior Genetics |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Genet |
|
| |
Volume |
11 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
545-553 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Female; Genetics, Behavioral; Intelligence; Learning; Male; Rats/*genetics |
|
| |
Abstract |
The oft-repeated concern for the lack of behavioral comparability of domestic rats with wild forms of Rattus norvegicus is unfounded. Laboratory rats appear to show the potential for all wild-type behaviors, including the most dramatic social postures. Moreover, domestics are capable of assuming a feral existence without difficulty, one where they readily behave in a fashion indistinguishable from wild rats. The one behavioral difference that is clearly established concerns performance in laboratory learning paradigms. The superiority of domestics in these laboratory tasks speaks more to quieting the concerns of degeneracy theorists than to problems of using domestic Norway rats as subjects representative of their species. |
|
| |
Address |
|
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0001-8244 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:7325955 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4144 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Abbruzzetti, S.; Viappiani, C.; Small, J.R.; Libertini, L.J.; Small, E.W. |
|
| |
Title |
Kinetics of histidine deligation from the heme in GuHCl-unfolded Fe(III) cytochrome C studied by a laser-induced pH-jump technique |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Chemical Society |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Chem Soc |
|
| |
Volume |
123 |
Issue |
27 |
Pages |
6649-6653 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; *Bacterial Proteins; Cytochrome c Group/*chemistry; Guanidine/*chemistry; Heme/*chemistry; Histidine/*chemistry; Horses; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Kinetics; *Lasers; Ligands; Protein Folding |
|
| |
Abstract |
We have developed an instrumental setup that uses transient absorption to monitor protein folding/unfolding processes following a laser-induced, ultrafast release of protons from o-nitrobenzaldehyde. The resulting increase in [H(+)], which can be more than 100 microM, is complete within a few nanoseconds. The increase in [H(+)] lowers the pH of the solution from neutrality to approximately 4 at the highest laser pulse energy used. Protein structural rearrangements can be followed by transient absorption, with kinetic monitoring over a broad time range (approximately 10 ns to 500 ms). Using this pH-jump/transient absorption technique, we have examined the dissociation kinetics of non-native axial heme ligands (either histidine His26 or His33) in GuHCl-unfolded Fe(III) cytochrome c (cyt c). Deligation of the non-native ligands following the acidic pH-jump occurs as a biexponential process with different pre-exponential factors. The pre-exponential factors markedly depend on the extent of the pH-jump, as expected from differences in the pK(a) values of His26 and His33. The two lifetimes were found to depend on temperature but were not functions of either the magnitude of the pH-jump or the pre-pulse pH of the solution. The activation energies of the deligation processes support the suggestion that GuHCl-unfolded cyt c structures with non-native histidine axial ligands represent kinetic traps in unfolding. |
|
| |
Address |
Dipartimento di Fisica, Universita di Parma, Istituto Nazionale per la Fisica della Materia, 43100 Parma, Italy |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0002-7863 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:11439052 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
3788 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
