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	Author	Aronson, L.
	Title	Animal behavior case of the month. Aggression directed toward other horses			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1998	Publication	Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association	Abbreviated Journal	J Am Vet Med Assoc
	Volume	213	Issue	3	Pages	358-359
	Keywords	Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Follow-Up Studies; Horse Diseases/diagnosis/drug therapy/psychology; Horses/psychology; Housing, Animal; Hypothyroidism/diagnosis/drug therapy/*veterinary; Male; Physical Examination/veterinary; Thyroxine/blood/therapeutic use
	Abstract
	Address	Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0003-1488	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:9702222			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	1935
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Church, R.M.
	Title	Quantitative models of animal learning and cognition			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1997	Publication	Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes	Abbreviated Journal	J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process
	Volume	23	Issue	4	Pages	379-389
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Computer Simulation; Learning; Models, Psychological; *Models, Theoretical
	Abstract	This article reviews the prerequisites for quantitative models of animal learning and cognition, describes the types of models, provides a rationale for the development of such quantitative models, describes criteria for their evaluation, and makes recommendations for the next generation of quantitative models. A modular approach to the development of models is described in which a procedure is considered as a generator of stimuli and a model is considered as a generator of responses. The goal is to develop models that, in combination with many different procedures, produce sequences of times of occurrence of events (stimuli and responses) that are indistinguishable from those produced by the animal under many experimental procedures and data analysis techniques.
	Address	Department of Psychology, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA. russell_church@brown.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0097-7403	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:9335132			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2778
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	Author	Swartz, K.B.
	Title	What is mirror self-recognition in nonhuman primates, and what is it not?			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1997	Publication	Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences	Abbreviated Journal	Ann N Y Acad Sci
	Volume	818	Issue		Pages	64-71
	Keywords	Animals; Awareness; Behavior, Animal; Ego; Primates/psychology
	Abstract
	Address	Department of Psychology, Lehman College of the City University of New York, Bronx 10468, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0077-8923	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:9237465			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4135
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Lemasson, J.J.; Fontenille, D.; Lochouarn, L.; Dia, I.; Simard, F.; Ba, K.; Diop, A.; Diatta, M.; Molez, J.F.
	Title	Comparison of behavior and vector efficiency of Anopheles gambiae and An. arabiensis (Diptera:Culicidae) in Barkedji, a Sahelian area of Senegal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1997	Publication	Journal of Medical Entomology	Abbreviated Journal	J Med Entomol
	Volume	34	Issue	4	Pages	396-403
	Keywords	Animals; Anopheles/parasitology; Behavior, Animal; Cattle; Desert Climate; Horses/parasitology; Humans; Insect Vectors/parasitology; Longitudinal Studies; Malaria/transmission; Malaria, Falciparum/transmission; Periodicity; Plasmodium malariae/isolation & purification; Protozoan Proteins/analysis; Rain; Seasons; Senegal; Sheep/parasitology; Species Specificity
	Abstract	The ecology, population dynamics, and malaria vector efficiency of Anopheles gambiae and An. arabiensis were studied for 2 yr in a Sahelian village of Senegal. Anophelines were captured at human bait and resting indoors by pyrethrum spray. Mosquitoes belonging to the An. gambiae complex were identified by polymerase chain reaction. Of 26,973 females, An. arabiensis represented 79% of the mosquitoes captured and remained in the study area longer than An. gambiae after the rains terminated. There were no differences in nocturnal biting cycles or endophagous rates between An. gambiae and An. arabiensis. Based on an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay test of bloodmeals, the anthropophilic rate of these 2 vectors were both approximately 60%, when comparisons were made during the same period. Overall, 18% of the resting females had patent mixed bloodmeals, mainly human-bovine. The parity rates of An. gambiae and An. arabiensis varied temporally. Despite similar behavior, the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein (CSP) rates were different between An. gambiae (4.1%) and An. arabiensis (1.3%). P. malariae and P. ovale only represented 4% of the total Plasmodium identified in mosquitoes. Transmission was seasonal, occurring mainly during 4 mo. The CSP entomological inoculation rates were 128 bites per human per year for the 1st yr and 100 for the 2nd yr. Because of the combination of a high human biting rate and a low CSP rate, An. arabiensis accounted for 63% of transmission. Possible origin of differences in CSP rate between An. gambiae and An. arabiensis is discussed in relation to the parity rate, blood feeding frequency, and the hypothesis of genetic factors.
	Address	Institut Francais de Recherche Scientifique pour le Developpement en cooperation (ORSTOM), Institut Pasteur, Dakar, Senegal
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0022-2585	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:9220672			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2655
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	Author	Aureli, F.; de Waal, F.B.
	Title	Inhibition of social behavior in chimpanzees under high-density conditions			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1997	Publication	American journal of primatology	Abbreviated Journal	Am. J. Primatol.
	Volume	41	Issue	3	Pages	213-228
	Keywords	Aggression/psychology; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Crowding; Female; Male; Pan troglodytes/psychology; Population Density; *Social Environment; Stress, Psychological
	Abstract	This is the first study to investigate the short-term effects of high population density on captive chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). Subjects of the study were 45 chimpanzees living in five different groups at the Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center. The groups were observed under two conditions: 1) when they had access to both the indoor and outdoor sections of their enclosures; 2) during cold days when they were locked into the indoor runs, which reduced the available space by more than half. Under the high-density condition, allogrooming and submissive greetings decreased, but juvenile play increased. Remarkably, the rate of various forms of agonistic behavior, such as aggression, bluff charge, bluff display, and hooting, occurred less frequently under the high-density condition. This general decrease in adult social activity, including agonistic behavior, can be interpreted as an inhibition strategy to reduce opportunities for conflict when interindividual distances are reduced. This strategy is probably effective only in the short run, however. Behavioral indicators of anxiety, such as rough scratching and yawning, showed elevated rates, suggesting increased social tension under the high-density condition.
	Address	Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0275-2565	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:9057966			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	203
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	Author	Williams, N.
	Title	Evolutionary psychologists look for roots of cognition			Type
	Year	1997	Publication	Science (New York, N.Y.)	Abbreviated Journal	Science
	Volume	275	Issue	5296	Pages	29-30
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Birds; Cognition; Evolution; Female; Humans; Macaca mulatta/psychology; Male; Memory; Reward; Social Sciences
	Abstract
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0036-8075	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8999531			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2845
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	Author	Waran, N.K.; Robertson, V.; Cuddeford, D.; Kokoszko, A.; Marlin, D.J.
	Title	Effects of transporting horses facing either forwards or backwards on their behaviour and heart rate			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1996	Publication	The Veterinary Record	Abbreviated Journal	Vet. Rec.
	Volume	139	Issue	1	Pages	7-11
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Female; Heart Rate; Horses; Male; Posture/physiology; *Transportation
	Abstract	The effects of transporting horses facing either forwards or backwards were compared by transporting six thoroughbred horses in pairs in a lorry on one journey facing in the direction of travel, and on another journey facing away from the direction of travel, over a standard one-hour route. Heart rate monitors were used to record their heart rate before, during and after the journey and the horses' behaviour was recorded by scan sampling each horse every other minute. The average heart rate was significantly lower (P < 0.05) when the horses were transported facing backwards, and they also tended to rest on their rumps more (P = 0.059). In the forward-facing position, the horses moved more frequently (P < 0.05) and tended to hold their necks in a higher than normal position and to vocalise more frequently (P = 0.059). During loading the average peak heart rate was 38 bpm lower (P < 0.05) when the horses were backed into the horse box for rear-facing transport than when they were loaded facing forwards. However, there was no difference between transport facing forwards or backwards in terms of the peak unloading heart rate, or the average heart rate during loading or unloading. The horses seemed to find being transported less physically stressful when they were facing backwards than when they were facing forwards.
	Address	Institute of Ecology and Resource Management, University of Edinburgh, School of Agriculture
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0042-4900	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8966985			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	1938
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	Author	Barton, R.A.
	Title	Neocortex size and behavioural ecology in primates			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1996	Publication	Proceedings of the Royal Society B	Abbreviated Journal	Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B
	Volume	263	Issue	1367	Pages	173-177
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain/anatomy & histology; Cerebral Cortex/anatomy & histology/physiology; Ecology; Evolution; Primates/anatomy & histology/physiology/psychology; Regression Analysis; Species Specificity
	Abstract	The neocortex is widely held to have been the focus of mammalian brain evolution, but what selection pressures explain the observed diversity in its size and structure? Among primates, comparative studies suggest that neocortical evolution is related to the cognitive demands of sociality, and here I confirm that neocortex size and social group size are positively correlated once phylogenetic associations and overall brain size are taken into account. This association holds within haplorhine but not strepsirhine primates. In addition, the neocortex is larger in diurnal than in nocturnal primates, and among diurnal haplorhines its size is positively correlated with the degree of frugivory. These ecological correlates reflect the diverse sensory-cognitive functions of the neocortex.
	Address	Department of Anthropology, University of Durham
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0962-8452	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8728982			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4783
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	Author	de Waal, F.B.; Uno, H.; Luttrell, L.M.; Meisner, L.F.; Jeannotte, L.A.
	Title	Behavioral retardation in a macaque with autosomal trisomy and aging mother			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1996	Publication	American journal of mental retardation : AJMR	Abbreviated Journal	Am J Ment Retard
	Volume	100	Issue	4	Pages	378-390
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Brain/physiopathology; Female; Hydrocephalus/complications; Longitudinal Studies; Macaca mulatta/genetics; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; Maternal Age; Psychomotor Disorders/etiology; Social Behavior; Trisomy/*genetics; X Chromosome
	Abstract	The social development of a female rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) was followed from the day of birth until her death, at age 32 months. The subject, born to an older mother, had an extra autosome (karyotype: 43, XX, +18), an affliction that came about spontaneously. MRI scans revealed that she was also hydrocephalic. Compared to 23 female monkeys growing up under identical conditions, the subject showed serious motor deficiencies, a dramatic delay in the development of social behavior, poorly established dominance relationships, and greater than usual dependency on mother and kin. The subject was well-integrated into the social group, however.
	Address	University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0895-8017	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8718992			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	205
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Fetterman, J.G.
	Title	Dimensions of stimulus complexity			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1996	Publication	Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes	Abbreviated Journal	J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process
	Volume	22	Issue	1	Pages	3-18
	Keywords	Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Learning; Memory; Time Factors
	Abstract	Animal learning research has increasingly used complex stimuli that approximate natural objects, events, and locations, a trend that has accompanied a resurgence of interest in the role of cognitive factors in learning. Accounts of complex stimulus control have focused mainly on cognitive mechanisms and largely ignored the contribution of stimulus information to perception and memory for complex events. It is argued here that research on animal learning stands to benefit from a more detailed consideration of the stimulus and that James Gibson's stimulus-centered theory of perception serves as a useful framework for analyses of complex stimuli. Several issues in the field of animal learning and cognition are considered from the Gibsonian perspective on stimuli, including the fundamental problem of defining the effective stimulus.
	Address	Department of Psychology, Indiana University-Purdue University, Indianapolis 46202, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0097-7403	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8568494			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2782
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