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Author Voigtlaender-Schnabel, S.; Vogel, L.; Greiner, B.; Wiezorek, S.; Schuette, P.; Solmsen, E.-H.; Martin; H.; Hempel, E.; Gruentjens, T.; Bathen, M.; Herold, P.; Krueger, K. openurl 
  Title Reactions of horses to wildlife and livestock guarding dogs Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication (up) Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPNews  
  Volume 24 Issue Pages 49-58  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6668  
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Author Lagos, L.; Blanco, P. openurl 
  Title Testing the use of dogs to prevent wolf attackson free ranging ponies in Iberia? Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPnews  
  Volume 23 Issue Pages 20-27  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6679  
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Author Lagos, L.; Bárcena, F. openurl 
  Title How to reduce wolf predation on wild ponies in Galicia? Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication (up) Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPNews  
  Volume 24 Issue Pages 24-31  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6680  
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Author Lema, F.J.; Ribeiro, S.; Palacios, V. openurl 
  Title Observations of wolves hunting fee-ranging horses in Iberia. Type Journal Article
  Year 2022 Publication (up) Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPNews  
  Volume 24 Issue Pages 1-9  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6681  
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Author Solmsen, E. - H.; Bathen, M.; Grüntjens, T.; Hempel, E.; Klose, M.; Krüger, K.; Martin, H.; Meyer, A.; Schütte, P.; Vogel, L.; Wiezorek, S.; Wittor, B. openurl 
  Title Protecting horses against wolves in Germany. Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPNews  
  Volume 23 Issue Pages  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6682  
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Author Freitas, J.; Lagos, L.; Álvares, F. openurl 
  Title Horses as prey of wolves. Type Journal Article
  Year 2021 Publication (up) Carnivore Damage Preventionnews Abbreviated Journal CDPnews  
  Volume 23 Issue Pages 1-9  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6677  
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Author Byström, A.; Clayton, H.M.; Hernlund, E.; Rhodin, M.; Egenvall, A. url  doi
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  Title Equestrian and biomechanical perspectives on laterality in the horse Type Journal Article
  Year 2020 Publication (up) Comparative Exercise Physiology Abbreviated Journal Comp. Exerc. Physiol.  
  Volume 16 Issue 1 Pages 35-45  
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  Abstract It has been suggested that one of the underlying causes of asymmetrical performance and left/right bias in sound riding horses is laterality originating in the cerebral cortices described in many species. The aim of this paper is to review the published evidence for inherent biomechanical laterality in horses deemed to be clinically sound and relate these findings to descriptions of sidedness in equestrian texts. There are no established criteria to determine if a horse is left or right dominant but the preferred limb has been defined as the forelimb that is more frequently protracted during stance and when grazing. Findings on left-right differences in forelimb hoof shape and front hoof angles have been linked to asymmetric forelimb ground reaction forces. Asymmetries interpreted as motor laterality have been found among foals and unhandled youngsters, and the consistency or extent of asymmetries seems to increase with age. Expressions of laterality also vary with breed, sex, training and handling, stress, and body shape but there are no studies of the possible link between laterality and lameness. In a recent study of a group of seven dressage horses, a movement pattern in many ways similar to descriptions of sidedness in the equestrian literature, e.g. one hind limb being more protracted and placed more laterally than the other, has been documented. The role of innate laterality versus painful conditions, training, human handedness and simply habit remains to be determined. Understanding the biomechanical manifestations of laterality in healthy horses, including individual variation, would yield a potential basis for how laterality should be taken into account in relation to training/riding and rehabilitation of lameness.  
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  Publisher Wageningen Academic Publishers Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN 1755-2540 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes doi: 10.3920/CEP190022 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6663  
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Author Murphy, M.A.; Waits, L.P.; Kendall, K.C.; Wasser, S.K.; Higbee, J.A.; Bogden, R. url  doi
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  Title An evaluation of long-term preservation methods for brown bear (Ursus arctos) faecal DNA samples Type Journal Article
  Year 2002 Publication (up) Conservation Genetics Abbreviated Journal Conservat. Genet.  
  Volume 3 Issue 4 Pages 435-440  
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  Abstract Relatively few large-scale faecal DNA studieshave been initiated due to difficulties inamplifying low quality and quantity DNAtemplate. To improve brown bear faecal DNA PCRamplification success rates and to determinepost collection sample longevity, fivepreservation methods were evaluated: 90%ethanol, DETs buffer, silica-dried, oven-driedstored at room temperature, and oven-driedstored at -20 °C. Preservationeffectiveness was evaluated for 50 faecalsamples by PCR amplification of a mitochondrialDNA (mtDNA) locus (~146 bp) and a nuclear DNA(nDNA) locus (~200 bp) at time points of oneweek, one month, three months and six months. Preservation method and storage timesignificantly impacted mtDNA and nDNAamplification success rates. For mtDNA, allpreservation methods had >= 75% success atone week, but storage time had a significantimpact on the effectiveness of the silicapreservation method. Ethanol preserved sampleshad the highest success rates for both mtDNA(86.5%) and nDNA (84%). Nuclear DNAamplification success rates ranged from 26-88%, and storage time had a significant impacton all methods but ethanol. Preservationmethod and storage time should be importantconsiderations for researchers planningprojects utilizing faecal DNA. We recommendpreservation of faecal samples in 90% ethanolwhen feasible, although when collecting inremote field conditions or for both DNA andhormone assays a dry collection method may beadvantageous.  
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  ISSN 1572-9737 ISBN Medium  
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  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Murphy2002 Serial 6574  
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Author López-Bao, J.V.; Sazatornil, V.; Llaneza, L.; Rodríguez, A. url  doi
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  Title Indirect Effects on Heathland Conservation and Wolf Persistence of Contradictory Policies that Threaten Traditional Free-Ranging Horse Husbandry Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication (up) Conservation Letters Abbreviated Journal Conservation Letters  
  Volume 6 Issue 6 Pages 448-455  
  Keywords Farmland biodiversity; heathlands; integration of environmental policies; management of livestock carcasses; traditional land uses; wolf conservation  
  Abstract Abstract Conservation agencies within the European Union promote the restoration of traditional land uses as a cost-effective way to preserve biodiversity outside reserves. Although the European Union pursues the integration of the environment into strategic decision-making, it also dictates sectoral policies that may damage farmland biodiversity. We illustrate this point by outlining the socioeconomic factors that allow the persistence of traditional free-ranging horse husbandry in Galicia, northwestern Spain. Free-ranging Galician mountain ponies provide ecological and socioeconomic services including the prevention of forest fires, the maintenance of heathlands and wolves, and the attenuation of wolf-human conflicts. This traditional livestock system may have persisted because it entails negligible costs for farmers. Wolf predation upon Galician mountain ponies does not threaten farmer's economies and seems to be tolerated better than attacks to more valuable stock. Recently, European Union's regulations on animal welfare, carcass management, or meat production put new economic and administrative burdens on farmers, make free-ranging horse rearing economically unsustainable, and incentivize its abandonment. The aim of the European Union to integrate environmental policies may be successful to preserve farmland biodiversity only through careful anticipation of the side effects of apparently unrelated regulations on the fragile equilibrium that sustain traditional land uses.  
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  Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN 1755-263x ISBN Medium  
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  Notes doi: 10.1111/conl.12014 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6622  
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Author Reinhardt, I.; Kluth, G.; Nowak, C.; Szentiks, C.A.; Krone, O.; Ansorge, H.; Mueller, T. url  doi
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  Title Military training areas facilitate the recolonization of wolves in Germany Type Journal Article
  Year 2019 Publication (up) Conservation Letters Abbreviated Journal Conservation Letters  
  Volume 12 Issue 3 Pages e12635  
  Keywords Canis lupus; large carnivores; population growth; protected areas; recolonization  
  Abstract Abstract Wolves (Canis lupus) are currently showing a remarkable comeback in the highly fragmented cultural landscapes of Germany. We here show that wolf numbers increased exponentially between 2000 and 2015 with an annual increase of about 36%. We demonstrate that the first territories in each newly colonized region were established over long distances from the nearest known reproducing pack on active military training areas (MTAs). We show that MTAs, rather than protected areas, served as stepping-stones for the recolonization of Germany facilitating subsequent spreading of wolf territories in the surrounding landscape. We did not find any significant difference between MTAs and protected areas with regard to habitat. One possible reason for the importance of MTAs may be their lower anthropogenic mortality rates compared to protected and other areas. To our knowledge, this is the first documented case where MTAs facilitate the recolonization of an endangered species across large areas.  
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  Publisher John Wiley & Sons, Ltd Place of Publication Editor  
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  Notes https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12635 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6676  
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