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Author Fritts, S.H.; Bangs, E.E.; Gore, J.F.
Title The relationship of wolf recovery to habitat conservation and biodiversity in the northwestern United States Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1994 Publication Landsc Urban Plan Abbreviated Journal
Volume 28 Issue Pages
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Fritts1994 Serial 6453
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Author Fisher, J.; Hinde, R. A.
Title The opening of milk bottles by birds Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1994 Publication British Birds Abbreviated Journal British Birds
Volume Issue 42 Pages 347-357
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6525
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Author Byrne R.W.
Title The evolution of intelligence Type Book Chapter
Year (up) 1994 Publication Behaviour and Evolution Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 223-265
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Publisher Cambridge University Press Place of Publication Cambridge,UK Editor P.J.B. Slater and T.R. Halliday
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6566
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Author Clutton-Brock, J.
Title Origins of the dog: domestication and early history Type Book Chapter
Year (up) 1995 Publication The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behaviour and Interactions with People Abbreviated Journal
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Publisher Cambridge University Press Place of Publication Cambridge Editor Serpell, J.A.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Clutton-Brock1995 Serial 6247
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Author Griebenow, K.; Klibanov, A.M.
Title Lyophilization-induced reversible changes in the secondary structure of proteins Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1995 Publication Proc Natl Acad Sci USA Abbreviated Journal
Volume 92 Issue 24 Pages 10969-10976
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Abstract Changes in the secondary structure of some dozen different proteins upon lyophilization of their aqueous solutions have been investigated by means of Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy in the amide III band region. Dehydration markedly (but reversibly) alters the secondary structure of all the proteins studied, as revealed by both the quantitative analysis of the second derivative spectra and the Gaussian curve fitting of the original infrared spectra. Lyophilization substantially increases the beta-sheet content and lowers the alpha-helix content of all proteins. In all but one case, proteins become more ordered upon lyophilization.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6519
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Author Boissy, A.
Title Fear and Fearfulness in Animals Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1995 Publication The Quarterly Review of Biology Abbreviated Journal The Quarterly Review of Biology
Volume 70 Issue 2 Pages 165-191
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Abstract Persistence of individual differences in animal behavior in reactions to various environmental challenges could reflect basic divergences in temperament, which might be used to predict details of adaptive response. Although studies have been carried out on fear and anxiety in various species, including laboratory, domestic and wild animals, no consistent definition of fearfulness as a basic trait of temperament has emerged. After a classification of the events that may produce a state of fear, this article describes the great variability in behavior and in physiological patterns generally associated with emotional reactivity. The difficulties of proposing fearfulness-the general capacity to react to a variety of potentially threatening situations-as a valid basic internal variable are then discussed. Although there are many studies showing covariation among the psychobiological responses to different environmental challenges, other studies find no such correlations and raise doubts about the interpretation of fearfulness as a basic personality trait. After a critical assessment of methodologies used in fear and anxiety studies, it is suggested that discrepancies among results are mainly due to the modulation of emotional responses in animals, which depend on numerous genetic and epigenetic factors. It is difficult to compare results obtained by different methods from animals reared under various conditions and with different genetic origins. The concept of fearfulness as an inner trait is best supported by two kinds of investigations. First, an experimental approach combining ethology and experimental psychology produces undeniable indicators of emotional reactivity. Second, genetic lines selected for psychobiological traits prove useful in establishing between behavioral and neuroendocrine aspects of emotional reactivity. It is suggested that fearfulness could be considered a basic feature of the temperament of each individual, one that predisposes it to respond similarly to a variety of potentially alarming challenges, but is nevertheless continually modulated during development by the interaction of genetic traits of reactivity with environmental factors, particularly in the juvenile period. Such interaction may explain much of the interindividual variability observed in adaptive responses.
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Publisher The University of Chicago Press Place of Publication Editor
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ISSN 0033-5770 ISBN Medium
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Notes doi: 10.1086/418981 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6664
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Author Kruska, D.
Title The effect of domestication on brain size and composition in the mink (Mustela vison) Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1996 Publication J Zool Abbreviated Journal
Volume 239 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Kruska1996 Serial 6234
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Author Zentall, T.R.; Sutton, J.E.; Sherburne, L.M.
Title True imitative learning in pigeons Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1996 Publication Psychol Sci Abbreviated Journal
Volume 7 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Zentall1996 Serial 6372
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Author Meriggi,A.; Lovari, S.
Title A Review of Wolf Predation in Southern Europe: Does the Wolf Prefer Wild Prey to Livestock? Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1996 Publication Journal of Applled Ecology Abbreviated Journal J. Appl. Ecol
Volume 33 Issue Pages 1561-1571
Keywords Canis lupus, conservation, food habits, prey abundance, prey availability.
Abstract 1. The recent recovery of the wolf in southern Europe has not yet removed the risk

of local extinction. Wolf populations are fragmented and often comprise fewer than

500 individuals. In North America, northern and eastern Europe, wolves feed maiiily

on wild herbivores. In southern Europe, this canid has apparently adapted to feed

also on fruit, rubbish, livestock, small and medium-size mammals.

2. The main conservation problem lies with predation o n domestic ~ingulates,w liich

leads to extensive killing of wolves. The reintroduction of wild large herbivores has

been advocated as a means of reducing attacks on livestock, but predatiori on the

latter may remain high if domestic ungulates are locally abundant.

3. Our synthesis of 15 studies, published in the last 15 years, on food habits of the

wolf in southern Europe, has shown that ungulates have been the main diet component

overall. A significant inverse correlation was found between the occurrence (%) of

wild and domestic ungulates in the diet. The presence of relatively few wild ungulate

species was necessary to reduce predation on livestock.

4. Selection of wild and domestic ungulate prey was influenced mainly by their local

abundance, but also by their accessibility. Feeding dependence on rubbish was local

and rare. In Italy, the consumption of riibbish/fruit and that of ungulates was significantly

negatively correlated. Diet breadth increased as the presence of large prey

in tlie diet decreased.

5. The simultaneous reintroduction of severa1 wild ungulate species is likely to reduce

predation on livestock and may prove to be one of the most effective conservation

measures.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6387
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Author Shmidt Mech, L.D.
Title Wolf pack size and food acquisition Type Journal Article
Year (up) 1997 Publication Am Nat Abbreviated Journal
Volume 150 Issue Pages
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Shmidt Mech1997 Serial 6482
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