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Author Lema, F.J.; Ribeiro, S.; Palacios, V.
Title Observations of wolves hunting fee-ranging horses in Iberia. Type Journal Article
Year 2022 Publication Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPNews
Volume (down) 24 Issue Pages 1-9
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6681
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Author Blanco, J.C.; Yolanda, C.
Title Surveying wolves without snow: a critical review of the methods used in Spain. Hystrix Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Ital J Mammal Abbreviated Journal
Volume (down) 23 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Blanco2012 Serial 6460
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Author Bernauer, K.; Kollross, H.; Schuetz, A.; Farmer, K.; Krueger, K.
Title How do horses (Equus caballus) learn from observing human action? Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication Animal Cognition Abbreviated Journal Anim. Cogn.
Volume (down) 23 Issue Pages 1-9
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Abstract A previous study demonstrated that horses can learn socially from observing humans, but could not draw any conclusions about the social learning mechanisms. Here we develop this by showing horses four different human action sequences as demonstrations of how to press a button to open a feed box. We tested 68 horses aged between 3 and 12 years. 63 horses passed the habituation phase and were assigned either to the group Hand Demo (N = 13) for which a kneeling person used a hand to press the button, Head Demo (N = 13) for which a kneeling person used the head, Mixed Demo (N = 12) for which a squatting person used both head and hand, Foot Demo (N = 12) in which a standing person used a foot, or No Demo (N = 13) in which horses did not receive a demonstration. 44 horses reached the learning criterion of opening the feeder twenty times consecutively, 40 of these were 75% of the Demo group horses and four horses were 31% of the No Demo group horses. Horses not reaching the learning criterion approached the human experimenters more often than those who did. Significantly more horses used their head to press the button no matter which demonstration they received. However, in the Foot Demo group four horses consistently preferred to use a hoof and two switched between hoof and head use. After the Mixed Demo the horses' actions were more diverse. The results indicate that only a few horses copy behaviours when learning socially from humans. A few may learn through observational conditioning, as some appeared to adapt to demonstrated actions in the course of reaching the learning criterion. Most horses learn socially through enhancement, using humans to learn where, and which aspect of a mechanism has to be manipulated, and by applying individual trial and error learning to reach their goal.
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ISSN 1435-9456 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Bernauer2019 Serial 6590
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Author Trösch, M.; Pellon, S.; Cuzol, F.; Parias, C.; Nowak, R.; Calandreau, L.; Lansade, L.
Title Horses feel emotions when they watch positive and negative horse-human interactions in a video and transpose what they saw to real life Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication Animal Cognition Abbreviated Journal Anim. Cogn.
Volume (down) 23 Issue 4 Pages 643-653
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Abstract Animals can indirectly gather meaningful information about other individuals by eavesdropping on their third-party interactions. In particular, eavesdropping can be used to indirectly attribute a negative or positive valence to an individual and to adjust one's future behavior towards that individual. Few studies have focused on this ability in nonhuman animals, especially in nonprimate species. Here, we investigated this ability for the first time in domestic horses (Equus caballus) by projecting videos of positive and negative interactions between an unknown human experimenter (a “positive” experimenter or a “negative” experimenter) and an actor horse. The horses reacted emotionally while watching the videos, expressing behavioral (facial expressions and contact-seeking behavior) and physiological (heart rate) cues of positive emotions while watching the positive video and of negative emotions while watching the negative video. This result shows that the horses perceived the content of the videos and suggests an emotional contagion between the actor horse and the subjects. After the videos were projected, the horses took a choice test, facing the positive and negative experimenters in real life. The horses successfully used the interactions seen in the videos to discriminate between the experimenters. They touched the negative experimenter significantly more, which seems counterintuitive but can be interpreted as an appeasement attempt, based on the existing literature. This result suggests that horses can indirectly attribute a valence to a human experimenter by eavesdropping on a previous third-party interaction with a conspecific.
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ISSN 1435-9456 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Trösch2020 Serial 6649
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Author Solmsen, E.-H.; Bathen, M.; Grüntjens, T.; Hempel, E.; Klose, M.; Krüger, K.; Martin, H.; Meyer, A.; Schütte, P.; Vogel, L.; Wiezorek, S.; Wittor, B.
Title Protecting horses against wolves in Germany Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CPDnews
Volume (down) 23 Issue Pages 12-19
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6661
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Author Freitas, J.; Lagos, L.; Álvares, F.
Title Horses as prey of wolves. Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Carnivore Damage Preventionnews Abbreviated Journal CDPnews
Volume (down) 23 Issue Pages 1-9
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6677
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Author Lagos, L.; Blanco, P.
Title Testing the use of dogs to prevent wolf attackson free ranging ponies in Iberia? Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPnews
Volume (down) 23 Issue Pages 20-27
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6679
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Author Solmsen, E. - H.; Bathen, M.; Grüntjens, T.; Hempel, E.; Klose, M.; Krüger, K.; Martin, H.; Meyer, A.; Schütte, P.; Vogel, L.; Wiezorek, S.; Wittor, B.
Title Protecting horses against wolves in Germany. Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Carnivore Damage Prevention News Abbreviated Journal CDPNews
Volume (down) 23 Issue Pages
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Abstract
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6682
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Author Dyson, S.; Berger, J.; Ellis, A.D.; Mullard, J.
Title Development of an ethogram for a pain scoring system in ridden horses and its application to determine the presence of musculoskeletal pain Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Journal of Veterinary Behavior Abbreviated Journal
Volume (down) 23 Issue Pages 47-57
Keywords Lameness; Equine behavior; Pain grading; Headshaking; Bucking; Rearing
Abstract There is evidence that more than 47% of the sports horse population in normal work may be lame, but the lameness is not recognized by owners or trainers. An alternative means of detecting pain may be recognition of behavioral changes in ridden horses. It has been demonstrated that there are differences in facial expressions in nonlame and lame horses. The purpose of this study was to develop a whole horse ethogram for ridden horses and to determine whether it could be applied repeatedly by 1 observer (repeatability study, 9 horses) and if, by application of a related pain behavior score, lame horses (n = 24) and nonlame horses (n = 13) could be differentiated. It was hypothesized that there would be some overlap in pain behavior scores among nonlame and lame horses; and that overall, nonlame horses would have a lower pain behavior score than lame horses. The ethogram was developed with 117 behavioral markers, and the horses were graded twice in random order by a trained specialist using video footage. Overall, there was a good correlation between the 2 assessments (P < 0.001; R2 = 0.91). Behavioral markers that were not consistent across the 2 assessments were omitted, reducing the ethogram to 70 markers. The modified ethogram was applied to video recordings of the nonlame horses and lame horses (ethogram evaluation). There was a strong correlation between 20 behavioral markers and the presence of lameness. The ethogram was subsequently simplified to 24 behavioral markers, by the amalgamation of similar behaviors which scored similarly and by omission of markers which showed unreliable results in relation to lameness. Following this, the maximum individual occurrence score for lame horses was 14 (out of 24 possible markers), with a median and mean score of 9 (±2 standard deviation) compared with a maximum score of 6 for nonlame horses, with a median and mean score of 2 (±1.4). For lame horses, the following behaviors occurred significantly more (P < 0.05, chi-square): ears back, mouth opening, tongue out, change in eye posture and expression, going above the bit, head tossing, tilting the head, unwillingness to go, crookedness, hurrying, changing gait spontaneously, poor quality canter, resisting, and stumbling and toe dragging. Recognition of these features as potential indicators of musculoskeletal pain may enable earlier recognition of lameness and avoidance of punishment-based training. Further research is necessary to verify this new ethogram for assessment of pain in ridden horses.
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ISSN 1558-7878 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6706
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Author Morand-Ferron, J.; Cole, E.F.; Rawles, J.E.C.; Quinn, J.L.
Title Who are the innovators? A field experiment with 2 passerine species Type Journal Article
Year 2011 Publication Behav Ecol Abbreviated Journal
Volume (down) 22 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Morand-Ferron2011 Serial 6264
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