| Records |
| Author |
Gardner, E.L.; Engel, D.R. |
| Title |
Imitational and social facilitatory aspects of observational learning in the laboratory rat |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Psychonomic Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Psychon. Sci. |
Volume  |
25 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
5-6 |
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| Abstract |
Rats acquired a food-motivated leverpressing response by “observational learning” or by trial-and-error learning under conditions of social facilitation or isolation. Both the observational learning and social facilitation Ss learned faster than did the isolated trial-and-error Ss. There was no difference in speed of learning between the observational learning and social facilitation groups. It is suggested that some previous studies purporting to demonstrate observational learning may have demonstrated socially facilitated trial-and-error learning instead. |
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0033-3131 |
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| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Gardner1971 |
Serial |
6421 |
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| Author |
Dalla Costa, E.; Dai, F.; Lebelt, D.; Scholz, P.; Barbieri, S.; Canali, E.; Zanella, A.J.; Minero, M. |
| Title |
Welfare assessment of horses: the AWIN approach |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Animal Welfare |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Welf. |
| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
481-488 |
| Keywords |
Animal-Based; Measure; Indicator; Animal Welfare; Horse; On-Farm |
| Abstract |
The EU-funded Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) research project (2011-2015) aimed to improve animal welfare through the development of practical on-farm animal welfare assessment protocols. The present study describes the application of the AWIN approach to the development of a welfare assessment protocol for horses (Equus caballus). Its development required the following steps: (i) selection of potential welfare indicators; (ii) bridging gaps in knowledge; (iii) consulting stakeholders; and (iv) testing a prototype protocol on-farm. Compared to existing welfare assessment protocols for other species, the AWIN welfare assessment protocol for horses introduces a number of innovative aspects, such as implementation of a two-level strategy focused on improving on-farm feasibility and the use of electronic tools to achieve standardised data collection and so promote rapid outcomes. Further refinement to the AWIN welfare assessment protocol for horses is needed in order to firstly gather data from a larger reference population and, secondly, enhance the welfare assessment protocol with reference to different horse housing and husbandry conditions. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6406 |
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| Author |
Ronnenberg, K.; Habbe, B.; Gräber, R.; Strauß, E.; Siebert, U. |
| Title |
Coexistence of wolves and humans in a densely populated region (Lower Saxony, Germany) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Basic and Applied Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Basic. Appl. Ecol. |
| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
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Pages |
1-14 |
| Keywords |
Grey wolf; ; Habitat use; Species distribution models; Predator-prey interactions |
| Abstract |
Since the first sporadic occurrences of grey wolves (Canis lupus) west of the Polish border in 1996, wolves have shown a rapid population recovery in Germany. Wolves are known to avoid people and wolf attacks on humans are very rare worldwide. However, the subjectively perceived threat is considerable, especially as food-conditioned habituation to humans occurs sporadically. Lower Saxony (Germany) has an exceedingly higher human population density than most other regions with territorial wolves; thus, the potential for human-wolf conflicts is higher. Using hunters' wildlife survey data from 455 municipalities and two years (2014-2015) and data from the official wolf monitoring (557 confirmed wolf presences and 500 background points) collected between 2012-2015, grey wolf habitat selection was modelled using generalized additive models with respect to human population density, road density, forest cover and roe deer density. Moreover, we tested whether habitat use changed in response to human population and road density between 2012/2013 and 2014/2015. Wolves showed a preference for areas of low road density. Human population density was less important as a covariate in the model of the survey data. Areas with higher prey abundance (5-10 roe deer/km2) and areas with >20% forest cover were preferred wolf habitats. Wolves were mostly restricted to areas with the lowest road and human population densities. However, between the two time periods, avoidance of human density decreased significantly. Recolonization of Germany is still in its early stages and it is unclear where this process will halt. To-date authorities mainly concentrate on monitoring measures. However, to avoid conflict, recolonization will require more stringent management of wolf populations and an improved information strategy for rural populations. |
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1439-1791 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6397 |
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| Author |
Nowak, S.; Jedrzejewski, W.; Schmidt, K.; Theuerkauf, J.; Myslajek, R.W.; Jedrzejewska, B. |
| Title |
Howling activity of free-ranging wolves (Canis lupus) in the Bialowieza Primeval Forest and the Western Beskidy Mountains (Poland) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
J Ethol |
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25 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Nowak2006 |
Serial |
6459 |
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Preiszner, B.; Vincze, E.; Seress, G.; Papp, S.; Bókony, V.; Liker, A.; Lendvai, Á.Z.; Patras, L.; Pap, P.L.; Vágási, C.I.; Németh, J. |
| Title |
Necessity or capacity? Physiological state predicts problem-solving performance in house sparrows |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. |
| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
124-135 |
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| Abstract |
Innovative behaviors such as exploiting novel food sources can grant significant fitness benefits for animals, yet little is known about the mechanisms driving such phenomena, and the role of physiology is virtually unexplored in wild species. Two hypotheses predict opposing effects of physiological state on innovation success. On one hand, poor physiological condition may promote innovations by forcing individuals with poor competitive abilities to invent alternative solutions. On the other hand, superior physiological condition may ensure greater cognitive capacity and thereby better problem-solving and learning performance. To test these hypotheses, we studied the behavior of wild-caught house sparrows (Passer domesticus) in 4 novel tasks of food acquisition, one of which was presented to the birds in repeated trials, and we investigated the relationships of individual performance with relevant physiological traits. We found that problem-solving performance across the 4 tasks was moderately consistent within individuals. Birds with lower integrated levels of corticosterone, the main avian stress hormone, solved the most difficult task faster and were more efficient learners in the repeated task than birds with higher corticosterone levels. Birds with higher concentration of total glutathione, a key antioxidant, solved 2 relatively easy tasks faster, whereas birds with fewer coccidian parasites tended to solve the difficult task more quickly. Our results, thus, indicate that aspects of physiological state influence problem-solving performance in a context-dependent manner, and these effects on problem-solving capacity, probably including cognitive abilities, are more likely to drive individual innovation success than necessity due to poor condition. |
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1045-2249 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6552 |
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| Author |
Bergmüller, R.; Taborsky, M. |
| Title |
Animal personality due to social niche specialisation |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Trends in Ecology & Evolution |
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| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
504-511 |
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The existence of 'animal personality', i.e. consistent individual differences in behaviour across time and contexts, is an evolutionary puzzle that has recently generated considerable research interest. Although social factors are generally considered to be important, it is as yet unclear how they might select for personality. Drawing from ecological niche theory, we explore how social conflict and alternative social options can be key factors in the evolution and development of consistent individual differences in behaviour. We discuss how animal personality research might benefit from insights into the study of alternative tactics and illustrate how selection can favour behavioural diversification and consistency due to fitness benefits resulting from conflict reduction among social partners. |
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0169-5347 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6646 |
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| Author |
Bandini, E.; Tennie C. |
| Title |
Exploring the role of individual learning in animal tool-use |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2020 |
Publication |
PeerJ |
Abbreviated Journal |
PeerJ |
| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
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Pages |
8:e9877 |
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The notion that tool-use is unique to humans has long been refuted by the growing number of observations of animals using tools across various contexts. Yet, the mechanisms behind the emergence and sustenance of these tool-use repertoires are still heavily debated. We argue that the current animal behaviour literature is biased towards a social learning approach, in which animal, and in particular primate, tool-use repertoires are thought to require social learning mechanisms (copying variants of social learning are most often invoked). However, concrete evidence for a widespread dependency on social learning is still lacking. On the other hand, a growing body of observational and experimental data demonstrates that various animal species are capable of acquiring the forms of their tool-use behaviours via individual learning, with (non-copying) social learning regulating the frequencies of the behavioural forms within (and, indirectly, between) groups. As a first outline of the extent of the role of individual learning in animal tool-use, a literature review of reports of the spontaneous acquisition of animal tool-use behaviours was carried out across observational and experimental studies. The results of this review suggest that perhaps due to the pervasive focus on social learning in the literature, accounts of the individual learning of tool-use forms by naïve animals may have been largely overlooked, and their importance under-examined. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6659 |
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Zaccaroni, M.; Passilongo, D.; Buccianti, A.; Dessi-Fulgheri, F.; Facchini, C.; Gazzola, A. |
| Title |
Group specific vocal signature in free- ranging wolf packs |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2012 |
Publication |
Ethol Ecol Evol |
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24 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Zaccaroni2012 |
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6470 |
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Voigtlaender-Schnabel, S.; Vogel, L.; Greiner, B.; Wiezorek, S.; Schuette, P.; Solmsen, E.-H.; Martin; H.; Hempel, E.; Gruentjens, T.; Bathen, M.; Herold, P.; Krueger, K. |
| Title |
Reactions of horses to wildlife and livestock guarding dogs |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2022 |
Publication |
Carnivore Damage Prevention News |
Abbreviated Journal |
CDPNews |
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24 |
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49-58 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6668 |
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Lagos, L.; Bárcena, F. |
| Title |
How to reduce wolf predation on wild ponies in Galicia? |
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Journal Article |
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2022 |
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Carnivore Damage Prevention News |
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CDPNews |
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24 |
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24-31 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6680 |
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