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Author Tennie, C.; Call, J.; Tomasello, M. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Untrained chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes schweinfurthii) fail to imitate novel actions Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication PLoS One Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 7 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Tennie2012 Serial 6289  
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Author von Bayern, A.M.P. url  doi
openurl 
  Title The role of experience in problem solving and innovative tool use in crows Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Curr Biol Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 19 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ von Bayern2009 Serial 6290  
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Author Nakagawa, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title A farewell to Bonferroni: the problems of low statistical power and publication bias Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Behav Ecol Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 15 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Nakagawa2004 Serial 6294  
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Author Gardner, E.L.; Engel, D.R. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Imitational and social facilitatory aspects of observational learning in the laboratory rat Type Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication Psychonomic Science Abbreviated Journal Psychon. Sci.  
  Volume 25 Issue 1 Pages 5-6  
  Keywords (up)  
  Abstract Rats acquired a food-motivated leverpressing response by “observational learning” or by trial-and-error learning under conditions of social facilitation or isolation. Both the observational learning and social facilitation Ss learned faster than did the isolated trial-and-error Ss. There was no difference in speed of learning between the observational learning and social facilitation groups. It is suggested that some previous studies purporting to demonstrate observational learning may have demonstrated socially facilitated trial-and-error learning instead.  
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  ISSN 0033-3131 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Gardner1971 Serial 6421  
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Author Emery, N.J.; Clayton, N.S.; Frith, C.D. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Introduction. Social intelligence: from brain to culture Type Journal Article
  Year 2007 Publication Philos Trans R Soc B Abbreviated Journal Philos Trans R Soc B  
  Volume 362 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Emery2007 Serial 6302  
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Author Van Schaik, C.P.; Isler, K.; Burkart, J.M. doi  openurl
  Title Explaining brain size variation: from social to cultural brain Type Journal Article
  Year 2012 Publication Trends Ecol Evol Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 16 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Van Schaik2012 Serial 6304  
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Author Sato, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Social licking pattern and its relationships to social dominance and live weight gain in weaned calves Type Journal Article
  Year 1984 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.  
  Volume 12 Issue 1 Pages 25-32  
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  Abstract Social licking patterns of heifer and steer herds were observed and recorded during periods of resting and intermittent feeding. The results revealed the following features: (1) heifers and steers had 15.0 and 15.2 social licking interactions per hour which lasted for 37.8 and 41.0 s on average, respectively. The average time an animal spent licking was about 25 s per hour; (2) all the animals in the herds were licked by others, but only 72.3% of the animals licked other animals; (3) the animals close in the social hierarchy tended to lick each other for a longer time than did remote animals; (4) the time receiving l licking and weight gain tended to be positively correlated. The observations suggest that (1) the motivation of giving licking may be individual-specific and may be influenced by genetic factors, while that of receiving licking appears to be general, and that (2) social licking may mean not only cleaning the skin and hair of a passive partner, but also leading it to psychological stability.  
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  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
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  ISSN 0168-1591 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes doi: 10.1016/0168-1591(84)90093-5 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6407  
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Author Jerison H. J. openurl 
  Title Intelligence and Evolutionary Biology Type Book Whole
  Year 1988 Publication Abbreviated Journal  
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  Publisher Place of Publication Editor Jerison H. J., Jerison, J.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6402  
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Author Clayton, H.M.; Hampson, A.; Fraser, P.; White, A.; Egenvall, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Comparison of rider stability in a flapless saddle versus a conventional saddle Type Journal Article
  Year 2018 Publication Plos One Abbreviated Journal Plos One  
  Volume 13 Issue 6 Pages e0196960  
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  Abstract The purpose of a saddle is to improve the rider's safety, security, and comfort, while distributing the forces exerted by the rider and saddle over a large area of the horse's back without focal pressure points. This study investigates the effects on rider stability of an innovative saddle design that differs from a conventional saddle in having no flaps. Five horses were ridden by their regular rider in their usual saddle and in a flapless saddle. A pressure mat (60 Hz) placed between the saddle and the horse's back was used to determine the position of the center of pressure, which represents the centroid of pressure distribution on the horse's back. Data were recorded as five horses were ridden at collected and extended walk, trot and canter in a straight line. Data strings were split into strides with 5 strides analysed per horse/gait/type. For each stride the path of the rider's center of pressure was plotted, maximal and minimal values in the anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were extracted, and ranges of motion in anteroposterior and mediolateral directions were calculated. Differences between the conventional and flapless saddles were analysed using mixed models ANOVA. Speed and stride length of each gait did not differ between saddles. Compared with the conventional saddle, the flapless saddle was associated with significant reductions in range of motion of the rider's center of pressure in the mediolateral direction in all gaits and in the anteroposterior direction in collected trot, extended trot and extended canter. The improved stability was thought to result from the absence of saddle flaps allowing the rider's thighs to lie in more adducted positions, which facilitated the action of the lumbopelvic-hip musculature in stabilizing and controlling translations and rotations of the pelvis and trunk. The closer contact between rider and horse may also have augmented the transfer of haptic information.  
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  Publisher Public Library of Science Place of Publication Editor  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6423  
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Author Healy, S.D.; Rowe, C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title Costs and benefits of evolving a larger brain: doubts over the evidence that large brains lead to better cognition Type Journal Article
  Year 2013 Publication Anim Behav Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 86 Issue Pages  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Healy2013 Serial 6317  
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