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Author (up) Baker, P.J.; Funk, S.M.; Harris, S.; White, P.C.L.
Title Flexible spatial organization of urban foxes, Vulpes vulpes, before and during an outbreak of sarcoptic mange Type Journal Article
Year 2000 Publication Animal Behaviour Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 59 Issue 1 Pages 127-146
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Abstract The social and spatial organization of urban fox groups prior to and during an outbreak of sarcoptic mange was compared with predictions derived from the resource dispersion hypothesis (RDH). We investigated the availability of three key resources. Neither daytime rest sites nor breeding sites appeared to be limited in availability. The availability of food deliberately supplied by local householders was examined by questionnaire surveys. The daily and weekly amount of food supplied was greatly in excess of the minimum requirements of a pair of foxes, but was consistent between territories. The availability of this food source increased markedly as a result of more people feeding the foxes. In agreement with the RDH, group size prior to the outbreak of mange increased from 2.25 animals (N=4) to 6.57 animals (N=7). Before the outbreak of mange, two territories were divided. Increased scavenge availability on smaller territories may have promoted these changes. Excluding these spatial changes, territories were very stable between years. After the outbreak of mange, group size declined as a direct result of mange-induced mortality. Surviving animals increased their ranges only after neighbouring groups had died out. Ranges did not increase in size in response to a decline in food availability. Nor were the increases in range size associated with the relinquishment of parts of the existing territory. These postmange changes are contrary to the RDH. Three factors may have promoted these changes: the elimination of interstitial space, the forced dispersal of young or future division of the territory.
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ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6431
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Author (up) Bandini , E.; Motes-Rodrigo, A.; Steele, M.P.; Rutz, C.; Tennie, C.
Title Examining the mechanisms underlying the acquisition of animal tool behaviour Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication Biology Letters Abbreviated Journal Biol. Lett.
Volume 16 Issue 2020122 Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6660
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Author (up) Bandini, E.; Tennie C.
Title Exploring the role of individual learning in animal tool-use Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication PeerJ Abbreviated Journal PeerJ
Volume 25 Issue Pages 8:e9877
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Abstract The notion that tool-use is unique to humans has long been refuted by the growing number of observations of animals using tools across various contexts. Yet, the mechanisms behind the emergence and sustenance of these tool-use repertoires are still heavily debated. We argue that the current animal behaviour literature is biased towards a social learning approach, in which animal, and in particular primate, tool-use repertoires are thought to require social learning mechanisms (copying variants of social learning are most often invoked). However, concrete evidence for a widespread dependency on social learning is still lacking. On the other hand, a growing body of observational and experimental data demonstrates that various animal species are capable of acquiring the forms of their tool-use behaviours via individual learning, with (non-copying) social learning regulating the frequencies of the behavioural forms within (and, indirectly, between) groups. As a first outline of the extent of the role of individual learning in animal tool-use, a literature review of reports of the spontaneous acquisition of animal tool-use behaviours was carried out across observational and experimental studies. The results of this review suggest that perhaps due to the pervasive focus on social learning in the literature, accounts of the individual learning of tool-use forms by naïve animals may have been largely overlooked, and their importance under-examined.
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6659
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Author (up) Baragli, P.; Scopa, C.; Maglieri, V.; Palagi, E.
Title If horses had toes: demonstrating mirror self recognition at group level in Equus caballus Type Journal Article
Year 2021 Publication Animal Cognition Abbreviated Journal Anim. Cogn.
Volume Issue Pages
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Abstract Mirror self-recognition (MSR), investigated in primates and recently in non-primate species, is considered a measure of self-awareness. Nowadays, the only reliable test for investigating MSR potential skills consists in the untrained response to a visual body mark detected using a reflective surface. Here, we report the first evidence of MSR at group level in horses, by facing the weaknesses of methodology present in a previous pilot study. Fourteen horses were used in a 4-phases mirror test (covered mirror, open mirror, invisible mark, visible colored mark). After engaging in a series of contingency behaviors (looking behind the mirror, peek-a-boo, head and tongue movements), our horses used the mirror surface to guide their movements towards their colored cheeks, thus showing that they can recognize themselves in a mirror. The analysis at the group level, which 'marks' a turning point in the analytical technique of MSR exploration in non-primate species, showed that horses spent a longer time in scratching their faces when marked with the visible mark compared to the non-visible mark. This finding indicates that horses did not see the non-visible mark and that they did not touch their own face guided by the tactile sensation, suggesting the presence of MSR in horses. Although a heated debate on the binary versus gradualist model in the MSR interpretation exists, recent empirical pieces of evidence, including ours, indicate that MSR is not an all-or-nothing phenomenon that appeared once in phylogeny and that a convergent evolution mechanism can be at the basis of its presence in phylogenetically distant taxa.
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ISSN 1435-9456 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Baragli2021 Serial 6631
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Author (up) Bates, D.
Title Fitting linear mixed models in R Type Journal Article
Year 2005 Publication R News Abbreviated Journal
Volume 5 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Bates2005 Serial 6293
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Author (up) Bateson, P.
Title Play, playfulness, creativity and innovation. Type Journal Article
Year 2014 Publication Animal Behavior and Cognition Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav. Cogn.
Volume 1 Issue 2 Pages 99-112
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6553
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Author (up) Baumgartner, M.; Boisson, T.; Erhard, M.H.; Zeitler-Feicht, M.H.
Title Common Feeding Practices Pose A Risk to the Welfare of Horses When Kept on Non-Edible Bedding Type Journal Article
Year 2020 Publication Animals Abbreviated Journal Animals
Volume 10 Issue Pages 441
Keywords horse behaviour; feed intake pause; bedding; welfare indicator; feeding practices; roughage; horse welfare; individual housing system
Abstract During the evolution of the horse, an extended period of feed intake, spread over the entire 24-h period, determined the horses� behaviour and physiology. Horses will not interrupt their feed intake for more than 4 h, if they have a choice. The aim of the present study was to investigate in what way restrictive feeding practices (non ad libitum) affect the horses� natural feed intake behaviour. We observed the feed intake behaviour of 104 horses on edible (n = 30) and non-edible bedding (n = 74) on ten different farms. We assessed the duration of the forced nocturnal feed intake interruption of horses housed on shavings when no additional roughage was available. Furthermore, we comparatively examined the feed intake behaviour of horses housed on edible versus non-edible bedding. The daily restrictive feeding of roughage (2 times a day: n = 8; 3 times a day: n = 2), as it is common in individual housing systems, resulted in a nocturnal feed intake interruption of more than 4 hours for the majority (74.32%, 55/74) of the horses on shavings (8:50 ± 1:25 h, median: 8:45 h, minimum: 6:45 h, maximum: 13:23 h). In comparison to horses on straw, horses on shavings paused their feed intake less frequently and at a later latency. Furthermore, they spent less time on consuming the evening meal than horses on straw. Our results of the comparison of the feed-intake behaviour of horses on edible and non-edible bedding show that the horses� ethological feeding needs are not satisfied on non-edible bedding. If the horses accelerate their feed intake (also defined as �rebound effect�), this might indicate that the horses� welfare is compromised. We conclude that in addition to the body condition score, the longest duration of feed intake interruption (usually in the night) is an important welfare indicator of horses that have limited access to roughage.
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title Animals
Series Volume 10 Series Issue 3 Edition
ISSN 2076-2615 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6647
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Author (up) Beck, B. B.
Title Animal tool behaviour: The use and manufacture of tools by animals Type Book Whole
Year 1980 Publication Abbreviated Journal
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Publisher Garland Place of Publication New York Editor
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6524
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Author (up) Beery, A.K.; Kaufer, D.
Title Stress, social behavior, and resilience: Insights from rodents Type Journal Article
Year 2015 Publication Neurobiology of Stress Abbreviated Journal Neurobiol. Stress
Volume 1 Issue Stress Resilience Pages 116-127
Keywords Stress; Anxiety; Social behavior; Sociality; Social stress; Social buffering
Abstract The neurobiology of stress and the neurobiology of social behavior are deeply intertwined. The social environment interacts with stress on almost every front: social interactions can be potent stressors; they can buffer the response to an external stressor; and social behavior often changes in response to stressful life experience. This review explores mechanistic and behavioral links between stress, anxiety, resilience, and social behavior in rodents, with particular attention to different social contexts. We consider variation between several different rodent species and make connections to research on humans and non-human primates.
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ISSN 2352-2895 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6413
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Author (up) Benson-Amram, S.; Holekamp, K.E.
Title Innovative problem solving by wild spotted hyenas Type Journal Article
Year 2012 Publication Proc R Soc B Abbreviated Journal Proc R Soc B
Volume 279 Issue Pages 4087-4095
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Benson-Amram2012 Serial 6266
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