| Records |
Author  |
Harrington, F.H.; Mech, L.D. |
| Title |
Wolf howling and its role in territory maintenance |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1979 |
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Behaviour |
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68 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harrington1979 |
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6455 |
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| Author |
Harris, F. |
| Title |
On the Use of Windows for Harmonic Analysis with the Discrete Fourier Transform |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1978 |
Publication |
Proc IEEE |
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66 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Harris1978 |
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6486 |
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| Author |
Hartmann, E.; Bøe, K.E.; Jørgensen, G.H.M.; Mejdell, C.M.; Dahlborn, K. |
| Title |
Management of horses with focus on blanketing and clipping practices reported by members of the Swedish and Norwegian equestrian community1 |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
Journal of Animal Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Anim Sci |
| Volume |
95 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
1104-1117 |
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| Abstract |
Limited information is available on the extent to which blankets are used on horses and the owners' reasoning behind clipping the horse's coat. Research on the effects of those practices on horse welfare is scarce but results indicate that blanketing and clipping may not be necessary from the horse's perspective and can interfere with the horse's thermoregulatory capacities. Therefore, this survey collected robust, quantitative data on the housing routines and management of horses with focus on blanketing and clipping practices as reported by members of the Swedish and Norwegian equestrian community. Horse owners were approached via an online survey, which was distributed to equestrian organizations and social media. Data from 4,122 Swedish and 2,075 Norwegian respondents were collected, of which 91 and 84% of respondents, respectively, reported using blankets on horses during turnout. Almost all respondents owning warmblood riding horses used blankets outdoors (97% in Sweden and 96% in Norway) whereas owners with Icelandic horses and coldblood riding horses used blankets significantly less (P < 0.05). Blankets were mainly used during rainy, cold, or windy weather conditions and in ambient temperatures of 10°C and below. The horse's coat was clipped by 67% of respondents in Sweden and 35% of Norwegian respondents whereby owners with warmblood horses and horses primarily used for dressage and competition reported clipping the coat most frequently. In contrast to scientific results indicating that recovery time after exercise increases with blankets and that clipped horses have a greater heat loss capacity, only around 50% of respondents agreed to these statements. This indicates that evidence-based information on all aspects of blanketing and clipping has not yet been widely distributed in practice. More research is encouraged, specifically looking at the effect of blankets on sweaty horses being turned out after intense physical exercise and the effect of blankets on social interactions such as mutual grooming. Future efforts should be tailored to disseminate knowledge more efficiently, which can ultimately stimulate thoughtful decision-making by horse owners concerning the use of blankets and clipping the horse's coat. |
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0021-8812 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6615 |
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Healy, S.D.; Rowe, C. |
| Title |
Costs and benefits of evolving a larger brain: doubts over the evidence that large brains lead to better cognition |
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Journal Article |
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2013 |
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Anim Behav |
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86 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Healy2013 |
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6317 |
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Hendriksen, P.; Elmgreen, K.; Ladewig, J. |
| Title |
Trailer-loading of horses: Is there a difference between positive and negative reinforcement concerning effectiveness and stress-related signs? |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2011 |
Publication |
Journal of Veterinary Behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Vet. Behav. |
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6 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
261-266 |
| Keywords |
negative reinforcement; positive reinforcement; horse; behavior; heart rate; trailer-loading |
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The traditional way to train horses is by the application of negative reinforcement (NR). In the past few years, however, the use of positive reinforcement (PR) has become more common. To evaluate the effectiveness and the possible stressor effect of the 2 training methods, 12 horses showing severe trailer-loading problems were selected and exposed to trailer-loading. They were randomly assigned to one of the 2 methods. NR consisted of various degrees of pressure (lead rope pulling, whip tapping). Pressure was removed as soon as the horse complied. PR horses were exposed to clicker training and taught to follow a target into the trailer. Heart rate (HR) was recorded every 5 seconds and behavior denoting discomfort was observed using one-zero sampling with 10 seconds sampling intervals. Training was completed when the horse could enter the trailer upon a signal, or was terminated after a maximum of 15 sessions. Of the 12 horses, 10 reached the criterion within the 15 sessions. One horse was eliminated from the study because of illness and 1 PR horse failed to enter the trailer. A Mann-Whitney U-test indicated that the horses trained with NR displayed significantly more discomfort behavior per training session than horses trained with PR (NR: 13.26 ± 3.25; PR: 3.17 ± 8.93, P < 0.0001) and that horses in the PR group spent less time (second) per session to complete the training criterion (NR: 672.9 ± 247.12; PR: 539.81 ± 166.37, P < 0.01). A Mann-Whitney U-test showed that no difference existed in mean HR (bpm) between the 2 groups (NR: 53.06 ± 11.73 bpm; PR: 55.54 ± 6.7 bpm, P > 0.05), but a Wilcoxon test showed a difference in the PR group between the baseline of HR and mean HR obtained during training sessions (baseline PR: 43 ± 8.83 bpm; PR: 55.54 ± 6.7 bpm, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the PR group provided the fastest training solution and expressed less stress response. Thus, the PR procedure could provide a preferable training solution when training horses in potentially stressing situations. |
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1558-7878 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6598 |
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Henry, S.; Fureix, C.; Rowberry, R.; Bateson, M.; Hausberger, M. |
| Title |
Do horses with poor welfare show 'pessimistic' cognitive biases? |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2017 |
Publication |
The Science of Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci. Nat. |
| Volume |
104 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
8 |
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This field study tested the hypothesis that domestic horses living under putatively challenging-to-welfare conditions (for example involving social, spatial, feeding constraints) would present signs of poor welfare and co-occurring pessimistic judgement biases. Our subjects were 34 horses who had been housed for over 3 years in either restricted riding school situations (e.g. kept in single boxes, with limited roughage, ridden by inexperienced riders; N = 25) or under more naturalistic conditions (e.g. access to free-range, kept in stable social groups, leisure riding; N = 9). The horses' welfare was assessed by recording health-related, behavioural and postural indicators. Additionally, after learning a location task to discriminate a bucket containing either edible food ('positive' location) or unpalatable food ('negative' location), the horses were presented with a bucket located near the positive position, near the negative position and halfway between the positive and negative positions to assess their judgement biases. The riding school horses displayed the highest levels of behavioural and health-related problems and a pessimistic judgment bias, whereas the horses living under more naturalistic conditions displayed indications of good welfare and an optimistic bias. Moreover, pessimistic bias data strongly correlated with poor welfare data. This suggests that a lowered mood impacts a non-human species' perception of its environment and highlights cognitive biases as an appropriate tool to assess the impact of chronic living conditions on horse welfare. |
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1432-1904 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Henry2017 |
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6665 |
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| Author |
Herbst, C.T.; Herzel, H.; Svec, J.G.; Wyman, M.T.; Fitch, W.T. |
| Title |
Visualization of system dynamics using phasegrams |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2013 |
Publication |
J R Soc Interface |
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10 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Herbst2013 |
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6487 |
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| Author |
Heydebreck, K. von |
| Title |
Reitlehrer und Reiter in Uniform und Zivil eine Anleitung nach den Grundsätzen der deutschen Reitvorschrift |
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Book Whole |
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1928 |
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Mittler |
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Berlin |
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2., neubearb. Aufl |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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6710 |
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| Author |
Heyes, C. |
| Title |
What's social about social learning? |
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Journal Article |
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2012 |
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J Comp Psychol |
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120 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Heyes2012 |
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6228 |
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Hiby, E.F.; Rooney, N.J.; Bradshaw, J.W.S. |
| Title |
Dog training methods: their use, effectiveness and interaction with behaviour and welfare |
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Journal Article |
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2004 |
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Animal Welfare |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Welf. |
| Volume |
13 |
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1 |
Pages |
63-69 |
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Historically, pet dogs were trained using mainly negative reinforcement or punishment, but positive reinforcement using rewards has recently become more popular. The methods used may have different impacts on the dogs� welfare. We distributed a questionnaire to 364 dog owners in order to examine the relative effectiveness of different training methods and their effects upon a pet dog�s behaviour. When asked how they trained their dog on seven basic tasks, 66% reported using vocal punishment, 12% used physical punishment, 60% praise (social reward), 51% food rewards and 11% play. The owner�s ratings for their dog�s obedience during eight tasks correlated positively with the number of tasks which they trained using rewards (P<0.01), but not using punishment (P=0.5). When asked whether their dog exhibited any of 16 common problematic behaviours, the number of problems reported by the owners correlated with the number of tasks for which their dog was trained using punishment (P<0.001), but not using rewards (P=0.17). Exhibition of problematic behaviours may be indicative of compromised welfare, because such behaviours can be caused byor result ina state of anxiety and may lead to a dog being relinquished or abandoned. Because punishment was associated with an increased incidence of problematic behaviours, we conclude that it may represent a welfare concern without concurrent benefits in obedience. We suggest that positive training methods may be more useful to the pet-owning community. |
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0962-7286 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Hiby:2004:0962-7286:63 |
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6433 |
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