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| Author | Podsakoff, P.M.; MacKenzie, S. B.; Lee, J.-Y.; Podsakoff, N. P. | ||||
| Title | Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Journal of Applied Psychology | Abbreviated Journal  |
J. Appl. Psychol. |
| Volume | 85 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 879-903 |
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| Abstract | Interest in the problem of method biases has a long history in the behavioral sciences. Despite this, a comprehensive summary of the potential sources of method biases and how to control for them does not exist. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which method biases influence behavioral research results, identify potential sources of method biases, discuss the cognitive processes through which method biases influence responses to measures, evaluate the many different procedural and statistical techniques that can be used to control method biases, and provide recommendations for how to select appropriate procedural and statistical remedies for different types of research settings. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved) $11.95 |
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| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6435 | ||
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| Author | Meriggi,A.; Lovari, S. | ||||
| Title | A Review of Wolf Predation in Southern Europe: Does the Wolf Prefer Wild Prey to Livestock? | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1996 | Publication | Journal of Applled Ecology | Abbreviated Journal |
J. Appl. Ecol |
| Volume | 33 | Issue | Pages | 1561-1571 | |
| Keywords | Canis lupus, conservation, food habits, prey abundance, prey availability. | ||||
| Abstract | 1. The recent recovery of the wolf in southern Europe has not yet removed the risk of local extinction. Wolf populations are fragmented and often comprise fewer than 500 individuals. In North America, northern and eastern Europe, wolves feed maiiily on wild herbivores. In southern Europe, this canid has apparently adapted to feed also on fruit, rubbish, livestock, small and medium-size mammals. 2. The main conservation problem lies with predation o n domestic ~ingulates,w liich leads to extensive killing of wolves. The reintroduction of wild large herbivores has been advocated as a means of reducing attacks on livestock, but predatiori on the latter may remain high if domestic ungulates are locally abundant. 3. Our synthesis of 15 studies, published in the last 15 years, on food habits of the wolf in southern Europe, has shown that ungulates have been the main diet component overall. A significant inverse correlation was found between the occurrence (%) of wild and domestic ungulates in the diet. The presence of relatively few wild ungulate species was necessary to reduce predation on livestock. 4. Selection of wild and domestic ungulate prey was influenced mainly by their local abundance, but also by their accessibility. Feeding dependence on rubbish was local and rare. In Italy, the consumption of riibbish/fruit and that of ungulates was significantly negatively correlated. Diet breadth increased as the presence of large prey in tlie diet decreased. 5. The simultaneous reintroduction of severa1 wild ungulate species is likely to reduce predation on livestock and may prove to be one of the most effective conservation measures. |
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| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6387 | ||
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| Author | Birch, H.G. | ||||
| Title | The relation of previous experience to insightful problem-solving | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1945 | Publication | Journal of Comparative Psychology | Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
| Volume | 38 | Issue | Pages | 367-383 | |
| Keywords | Humans; *Problem Solving; *Psychology, Comparative; *PSYCHOLOGY/comparative | ||||
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| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-9940 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:21010765 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6554 | ||
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| Author | Harlow, H.F. | ||||
| Title | Learning and satiation of response in intrinsically motivated complex puzzle performance by monkeys | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1950 | Publication | Journal of Comparative and Physiological Psychology | Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Physiol Psychol |
| Volume | 43 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 289-294 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Haplorhini; *Learning; *Motivation; *Psychology; *Satiation; *Learning; *Motivation; *Psychology | ||||
| Abstract | Two rhesus monkeys, given 60 two-hour sessions with a six-device mechanical puzzle showed clear evidence of learning, the curve showing ratio of incorrect to correct responses appearing quite comparable to similar curves obtained during externally rewarded situations. When, on the thirteenth day of tests, the subjects were presented with the puzzle 100 times at 6-minute intervals, the number of devices manipulated decreased regularly throughout the day, although there was no significant change in the number of times the problem assembly was attacked. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-9940 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15436888 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6550 | ||
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| Author | Strien, A.J.; Swaay, C.A.M.; Termaat, T. | ||||
| Title | Opportunistic citizen science data of animal species produce reliable estimates of distribution trends if analysed with occupancy models | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Journal of Applied Ecology | Abbreviated Journal |
J Appl Ecol |
| Volume | 50 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1450-1458 |
| Keywords | Bayesian inference; citizen science; detection; distribution; hierarchical modelling; Jags; monitoring; site occupancy | ||||
| Abstract | Summary Many publications documenting large-scale trends in the distribution of species make use of opportunistic citizen data, that is, observations of species collected without standardized field protocol and without explicit sampling design. It is a challenge to achieve reliable estimates of distribution trends from them, because opportunistic citizen science data may suffer from changes in field efforts over time (observation bias), from incomplete and selective recording by observers (reporting bias) and from geographical bias. These, in addition to detection bias, may lead to spurious trends. We investigated whether occupancy models can correct for the observation, reporting and detection biases in opportunistic data. Occupancy models use detection/nondetection data and yield estimates of the percentage of occupied sites (occupancy) per year. These models take the imperfect detection of species into account. By correcting for detection bias, they may simultaneously correct for observation and reporting bias as well. We compared trends in occupancy (or distribution) of butterfly and dragonfly species derived from opportunistic data with those derived from standardized monitoring data. All data came from the same grid squares and years, in order to avoid any geographical bias in this comparison. Distribution trends in opportunistic and monitoring data were well-matched. Strong trends observed in monitoring data were rarely missed in opportunistic data. Synthesis and applications. Opportunistic data can be used for monitoring purposes if occupancy models are used for analysis. Occupancy models are able to control for the common biases encountered with opportunistic data, enabling species trends to be monitored for species groups and regions where it is not feasible to collect standardized data on a large scale. Opportunistic data may thus become an important source of information to track distribution trends in many groups of species. | ||||
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| Publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Ltd | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8901 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | doi: 10.1111/1365-2664.12158 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6437 | ||
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| Author | Burton, A.C.; Neilson, E.; Moreira, D.; Ladle, A.; Steenweg, R.; Fisher, J.T.; Bayne, E.; Boutin, S. | ||||
| Title | REVIEW: Wildlife camera trapping: a review and recommendations for linking surveys to ecological processes | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2015 | Publication | Journal of Applied Ecology | Abbreviated Journal |
J Appl Ecol |
| Volume | 52 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 675-685 |
| Keywords | animal movement; camera trap; capture-recapture; density estimation; imperfect detection; mammal monitoring; occupancy model; relative abundance; sampling error; wildlife survey methodology | ||||
| Abstract | Summary Reliable assessment of animal populations is a long-standing challenge in wildlife ecology. Technological advances have led to widespread adoption of camera traps (CTs) to survey wildlife distribution, abundance and behaviour. As for any wildlife survey method, camera trapping must contend with sources of sampling error such as imperfect detection. Early applications focused on density estimation of naturally marked species, but there is growing interest in broad-scale CT surveys of unmarked populations and communities. Nevertheless, inferences based on detection indices are controversial, and the suitability of alternatives such as occupancy estimation is debatable. We reviewed 266 CT studies published between 2008 and 2013. We recorded study objectives and methodologies, evaluating the consistency of CT protocols and sampling designs, the extent to which CT surveys considered sampling error, and the linkages between analytical assumptions and species ecology. Nearly two-thirds of studies surveyed more than one species, and a majority used response variables that ignored imperfect detection (e.g. presence?absence, relative abundance). Many studies used opportunistic sampling and did not explicitly report details of sampling design and camera deployment that could affect conclusions. Most studies estimating density used capture?recapture methods on marked species, with spatially explicit methods becoming more prominent. Few studies estimated density for unmarked species, focusing instead on occupancy modelling or measures of relative abundance. While occupancy studies estimated detectability, most did not explicitly define key components of the modelling framework (e.g. a site) or discuss potential violations of model assumptions (e.g. site closure). Studies using relative abundance relied on assumptions of equal detectability, and most did not explicitly define expected relationships between measured responses and underlying ecological processes (e.g. animal abundance and movement). Synthesis and applications. The rapid adoption of camera traps represents an exciting transition in wildlife survey methodology. We remain optimistic about the technology's promise, but call for more explicit consideration of underlying processes of animal abundance, movement and detection by cameras, including more thorough reporting of methodological details and assumptions. Such transparency will facilitate efforts to evaluate and improve the reliability of camera trap surveys, ultimately leading to stronger inferences and helping to meet modern needs for effective ecological inquiry and biodiversity monitoring. | ||||
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| Publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Ltd | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8901 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2664.12432 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6703 | ||
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| Author | Hartmann, E.; Bøe, K.E.; Jørgensen, G.H.M.; Mejdell, C.M.; Dahlborn, K. | ||||
| Title | Management of horses with focus on blanketing and clipping practices reported by members of the Swedish and Norwegian equestrian community1 | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2017 | Publication | Journal of Animal Science | Abbreviated Journal |
J Anim Sci |
| Volume | 95 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 1104-1117 |
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| Abstract | Limited information is available on the extent to which blankets are used on horses and the owners' reasoning behind clipping the horse's coat. Research on the effects of those practices on horse welfare is scarce but results indicate that blanketing and clipping may not be necessary from the horse's perspective and can interfere with the horse's thermoregulatory capacities. Therefore, this survey collected robust, quantitative data on the housing routines and management of horses with focus on blanketing and clipping practices as reported by members of the Swedish and Norwegian equestrian community. Horse owners were approached via an online survey, which was distributed to equestrian organizations and social media. Data from 4,122 Swedish and 2,075 Norwegian respondents were collected, of which 91 and 84% of respondents, respectively, reported using blankets on horses during turnout. Almost all respondents owning warmblood riding horses used blankets outdoors (97% in Sweden and 96% in Norway) whereas owners with Icelandic horses and coldblood riding horses used blankets significantly less (P < 0.05). Blankets were mainly used during rainy, cold, or windy weather conditions and in ambient temperatures of 10°C and below. The horse's coat was clipped by 67% of respondents in Sweden and 35% of Norwegian respondents whereby owners with warmblood horses and horses primarily used for dressage and competition reported clipping the coat most frequently. In contrast to scientific results indicating that recovery time after exercise increases with blankets and that clipped horses have a greater heat loss capacity, only around 50% of respondents agreed to these statements. This indicates that evidence-based information on all aspects of blanketing and clipping has not yet been widely distributed in practice. More research is encouraged, specifically looking at the effect of blankets on sweaty horses being turned out after intense physical exercise and the effect of blankets on social interactions such as mutual grooming. Future efforts should be tailored to disseminate knowledge more efficiently, which can ultimately stimulate thoughtful decision-making by horse owners concerning the use of blankets and clipping the horse's coat. | ||||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8812 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6615 | ||
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| Author | Zebisch, A.; May, A.; Reese, S.; Gehlen, H. | ||||
| Title | Effect of different head-neck positions on physical and psychological stress parameters in the ridden horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2013 | Publication | Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition | Abbreviated Journal |
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr |
| Volume | 98 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 901-907 |
| Keywords | hyperflexion; head-neck position; stress; training; animal welfare | ||||
| Abstract | Summary Different head?neck positions (HNPs) are used in equestrian sports and are regarded as desirable for training and competition by riders, judges and trainers. Even though some studies have been indicative of hyperflexion having negative effects on horses, this unnatural position is frequently used. In the present study, the influence of different HNPs on physical and psychological stress parameters in the ridden horse was investigated. Heart rate (HR), heart rate variability (HRV) and blood cortisol levels were measured in 18 horses. Low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) are power components in the frequency domain measurement of HRV which show the activity of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system. Values were recorded at rest, while riding with a working HNP and while riding with hyperflexion of the horse's head, neck and poll. In addition, rideability and behaviour during the different investigation stages were evaluated by the rider and by an observer. Neither the HR nor the HRV showed a significant difference between working HNP (HR = 105 ± 22/min; LF/HF = 3.89 ± 5.68; LF = 37.28 ± 10.77%) and hyperflexion (HR = 110 ± 18; LF/HF = 1.94 ± 2.21; LF = 38.39 ± 13.01%). Blood cortisol levels revealed a significant increase comparing working HNP (158 ± 60 nm) and hyperflexion (176 ± 64 nm, p = 0.01). The evaluation of rider and observer resulted in clear changes of rideability and behavioural changes for the worse in all parameters collected between a working HNP and hyperflexion. In conclusion, changes of the cortisol blood level as a physical parameter led to the assumption that hyperflexion of head, neck and poll effects a stress reaction in the horse, and observation of the behaviour illustrates adverse effects on the well-being of horses during hyperflexion. | ||||
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| Publisher | Wiley/Blackwell (10.1111) | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0931-2439 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | doi: 10.1111/jpn.12155 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6427 | ||
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| Author | Burke, C.; Rashman, M.; Wich, S.; Symons, A.; Theron, C.; Longmore, S. | ||||
| Title | Optimizing observing strategies for monitoring animals using drone-mounted thermal infrared cameras | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2019 | Publication | International Journal of Remote Sensing | Abbreviated Journal |
International Journal of Remote Sensing |
| Volume | 40 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 439-467 |
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| Abstract | ABSTRACTThe proliferation of relatively affordable off-the-shelf drones offers great opportunities for wildlife monitoring and conservation. Similarly the recent reduction in the cost of thermal infrared cameras also offers new promise in this field, as they have the advantage over conventional RGB cameras of being able to distinguish animals based on their body heat and being able to detect animals at night. However, the use of drone-mounted thermal infrared cameras comes with several technical challenges. In this article, we address some of these issues, namely thermal contrast problems due to heat from the ground, absorption and emission of thermal infrared radiation by the atmosphere, obscuration by vegetation, and optimizing the flying height of drones for a best balance between covering a large area and being able to accurately image and identify animals of interest. We demonstrate the application of these methods with a case study using field data and make the first ever detection of the critically endangered riverine rabbit (Bunolagus monticularis) in thermal infrared data. We provide a web-tool so that the community can easily apply these techniques to other studies (http://www.astro.ljmu.ac.uk/aricburk/uav_calc/). | ||||
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| Publisher | Taylor & Francis | Place of Publication | Editor | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0143-1161 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | doi: 10.1080/01431161.2018.1558372 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6528 | ||
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| Author | Kuczaj, S. A; Makecha, R.; Trone, M.; Paulos, R. D; Ramos, J. A. | ||||
| Title | Role of Peers in Cultural Innovation and Cultural Transmission: Evidence from the Play of Dolphin Calves | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | International Journal of Comparative Psychology | Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Comp. Psychol |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 223-240 |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6526 | ||
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