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Author de Waal, F.B.M.; Ferrari, P.F.
Title Towards a bottom-up perspective on animal and human cognition Type Journal Article
Year 2010 Publication Trends in Cognitive Sciences Abbreviated Journal Trends Cognit. Sci.
Volume (down) 14 Issue 5 Pages 201-207
Keywords
Abstract Over the last few decades, comparative cognitive research has focused on the pinnacles of mental evolution, asking all-or-nothing questions such as which animals (if any) possess a theory of mind, culture, linguistic abilities, future planning, and so on. Research programs adopting this top-down perspective have often pitted one taxon against another, resulting in sharp dividing lines. Insight into the underlying mechanisms has lagged behind. A dramatic change in focus now seems to be under way, however, with increased appreciation that the basic building blocks of cognition might be shared across a wide range of species. We argue that this bottom-up perspective, which focuses on the constituent capacities underlying larger cognitive phenomena, is more in line with both neuroscience and evolutionary biology.
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ISSN 1364-6613 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5857
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Author de Waal, F.B.M.; Luttrell, L.M.
Title Mechanisms of social reciprocity in three primate species: Symmetrical relationship characteristics or cognition? Type Journal Article
Year 1988 Publication Ethology and Sociobiology Abbreviated Journal
Volume (down) 9 Issue 2–4 Pages 101-118
Keywords Reciprocity; Agonistic intervention; Cognition; Chimpanzees; Macaques
Abstract Agonistic intervention behavior was observed in captive groups of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta), and stumptail monkeys (M. arctoides). Reciprocity correlations of interventions were determined while removing from the data the effects of several symmetrical relationship characteristics, that is, matrillineal kinship, proximity relations, and same-sex combination. It was considered likely that if significant reciprocity persisted after controlling for these characteristics, the reciprocity was based on cognitive mechanisms. Statistical significance was tested by means of recently developed matrix permutation procedures. All three species exhibited significant reciprocity with regard to beneficial interventions, even after controlling for symmetrical traits. Harmful interventions were, however, reciprocal among chimpanzees only. This species showed a “revenge system”, that is, if A often intervened against B, B did the same to A. In contrast, both macaque species showed significantly inversed reciprocity in their harmful interventions: if A often intervened against B, B rarely intervened against A. Further analysis indicates that the strict hierarchy of macaques prevents them from achieving complete reciprocity. Compared to chimpanzees, macaques rarely intervene against higher ranking group members. The observed contrast can be partially explained on the basis of differences in available space, as indicated by a comparison of indoor and outdoor living conditions for the chimpanzee colony. Yet, even when such spatial factors are taken into account, substantial behavior differences between chimpanzees and macaques remain.
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Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0162-3095 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5809
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Author de Waal, F.B.M.
Title Silent invasion: Imanishi's primatology and cultural bias in science Type Journal Article
Year 2003 Publication Animal cognition Abbreviated Journal Anim. Cogn.
Volume (down) 6 Issue 4 Pages 293-299
Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Culture; Ecosystem; History, 20th Century; Philosophy; Portraits; *Prejudice; Primates/*psychology; Psychology, Comparative/*history; Research Design/trends
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Address Living Links, Yerkes Primate Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. dewaal@emory.edu
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1435-9448 ISBN Medium
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Notes PMID:14551801 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 178
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Author de Waal, F.B.M.
Title Peace lessons from an unlikely source Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication PLoS biology Abbreviated Journal PLoS. Biol.
Volume (down) 2 Issue 4 Pages E101
Keywords Animals; Behavior; Behavior, Animal; Culture; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Research; Social Conditions; Social Environment; United States; *Violence
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Address Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. dewaal@emory.edu
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1545-7885 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:15094805 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 174
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Author de Waal, F.B.M.
Title Chimpanzee politics:power and sex among apes. Type Book Whole
Year 1982 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume (down) Issue Pages
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Publisher Johns Hopkins University Press Place of Publication Baltimore Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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ISSN ISBN 978-0801886560 Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4857
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Author de Waal, F.B.M.
Title Animal Social Conflict Type Miscellaneous
Year 1993 Publication Abbreviated Journal
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4894
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Author de Waal, F.B.M.
Title Peacemaking Among Primates Type Miscellaneous
Year 1989 Publication Abbreviated Journal
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4924
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Author de Waal, F.B.M.; Aureli, F.
Title Consolation, reconciliation, and a possible cognitive difference between macaque and chimpanzee Type Book Chapter
Year 1996 Publication Reaching into Thought: The Minds of the Great Apes Abbreviated Journal
Volume (down) Issue Pages 80–110.
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Abstract Russon,A.E.; Bard, K.A.; Parker, S.T.
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Publisher Cambridge University Press Place of Publication Cambridge Editor Russon,A.E.; Bard, K.A.; Parker, S.T.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5060
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