| Records |
Author  |
Krebs, J.R.; Clayton, N.S.; Hampton, R.R.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Effects of photoperiod on food-storing and the hippocampus in birds |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Neuroreport |
Abbreviated Journal |
Neuroreport |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
12 |
Pages |
1701-1704 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Birds; Eating/*physiology; Female; Hippocampus/*physiology; Light; Male; *Photoperiod; Seasons; Telencephalon/physiology; Time Factors |
| Abstract |
Birds that store food have a relatively large hippocampus compared to non-storing species. The hippocampus shows seasonal differences in neurogenesis and volume in black-capped chikadees (Parus atricapillus) taken from the wild at different times of year. We compared hippocampal volumes in black-capped chickadees captured at the same time but differing in food-storing behaviour because of manipulations of photoperiod in the laboratory. Differences in food-storing behaviour were not accompanied by differences in the volume of the hippocampus. Hippocampal volumes also did not differ between two groups of a non-food-storing control species, house sparrows (Passer domesticus), exposed to the same conditions as the chickadees. |
| Address |
Edward Grey Institute of Field Ornithology, Department of Zoology, Oxford, UK |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0959-4965 |
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| Notes |
PMID:8527745 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
378 |
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| Author |
Mrosovsky, N.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Further studies of the sea-finding mechanism in green turtle hatchlings |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1974 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
| Volume |
51 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
195-208 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Animals, Newborn/physiology; Contact Lenses; Locomotion; *Orientation; Retina/physiology; *Turtles/physiology; Visual Fields; *Visual Perception; Water |
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| ISSN |
0005-7959 |
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| Notes |
PMID:4447586 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
389 |
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| Author |
Mrosovsky, N.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Wavelength preferences and brightness cues in the water finding behaviour of sea turtles |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1968 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
| Volume |
32 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
211-257 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Color Perception; Cues; Light; *Turtles; Water |
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English |
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0005-7959 |
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| Notes |
PMID:5717260 |
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no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
391 |
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| Author |
Nevin, J.A.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
An analysis of contrast effects in multiple schedules |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1966 |
Publication |
Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Anal Behav |
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
305-315 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Birds; *Conditioning (Psychology); Conditioning, Operant; Discrimination Learning; *Extinction, Psychological; Male; Reaction Time; *Reinforcement (Psychology) |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0022-5002 |
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| Notes |
PMID:5961499 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
392 |
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| Author |
Ratcliffe, J.M.; Fenton, M.B.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Behavioral flexibility positively correlated with relative brain volume in predatory bats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Brain, behavior and evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Brain Behav Evol |
| Volume |
67 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
165-176 |
| Keywords |
Adaptation, Psychological; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Brain/*anatomy & histology/physiology; Chiroptera/*anatomy & histology/*physiology; Organ Size; Predatory Behavior/*physiology |
| Abstract |
We investigated the potential relationships between foraging strategies and relative brain and brain region volumes in predatory (animal-eating) echolocating bats. The species we considered represent the ancestral state for the order and approximately 70% of living bat species. The two dominant foraging strategies used by echolocating predatory bats are substrate-gleaning (taking prey from surfaces) and aerial hawking (taking airborne prey). We used species-specific behavioral, morphological, and ecological data to classify each of 59 predatory species as one of the following: (1) ground gleaning, (2) behaviorally flexible (i.e., known to both glean and hawk prey), (3) clutter tolerant aerial hawking, or (4) open-space aerial hawking. In analyses using both species level data and phylogenetically independent contrasts, relative brain size was larger in behaviorally flexible species. Further, relative neocortex volume was significantly reduced in bats that aerially hawk prey primarily in open spaces. Conversely, our foraging behavior index did not account for variability in hippocampus and inferior colliculus volume and we discuss these results in the context of past research. |
| Address |
Department of Zoology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada. jmr247@cornell.edu |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0006-8977 |
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| Notes |
PMID:16415571 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
358 |
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| Author |
Reid, P.J.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Detection of cryptic prey: search image or search rate? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
| Volume |
18 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
273-286 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Appetitive Behavior; *Attention; Color Perception; Columbidae; *Discrimination Learning; Food Preferences/psychology; *Imagination; *Mental Recall; *Predatory Behavior |
| Abstract |
Animals' improvement in capturing cryptic prey with experience has long been attributed to a perceptual mechanism, the specific search image. Detection could also be improved by adjusting rate of search. In a series of studies using both naturalistic and operant search tasks, pigeons searched for wheat, dyed to produce 1 conspicuous and 2 equally cryptic prey types. Contrary to the predictions of the search-rate hypothesis, pigeons given a choice between the 2 cryptic types took the type experienced most recently. However, experience with 1 cryptic type improved accuracy on the other cryptic type, a result inconsistent with a search image specific to 1 prey type. Search image may better be thought of as priming of attention to those features of the prey type that best distinguish the prey from the background. |
| Address |
University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0097-7403 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:1619395 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
381 |
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| Author |
Sekuler, A.B.; Lee, J.A.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Pigeons do not complete partly occluded figures |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Perception |
Abbreviated Journal |
Perception |
| Volume |
25 |
Issue |
9 |
Pages |
1109-1120 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Columbidae; *Visual Perception |
| Abstract |
One of the most common obstacles to object perception is the fact that objects often occlude parts of themselves and parts of other objects. Perceptual completion has been studied extensively in humans, and researchers have shown that humans do complete partly occluded objects. In an effort to understand more about the mechanisms underlying completion, recent research has extended the study of perceptual completion to other mammalian species. Monkeys and mice also seem to complete two-dimensional representations of partly occluded objects. The present study addresses the question of whether this capacity generalizes to a nonmammalian species, the pigeon (Columba livia). The results point to a limit of the generalizability of perceptual completion: pigeons do not complete partly occluded figures. |
| Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0301-0066 |
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| Notes |
PMID:8983050 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
377 |
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| Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
The evolution of comparative cognition: is the snark still a Boojum? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2009 |
Publication |
Behav Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
80 |
Issue |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Shettleworth2009 |
Serial |
6231 |
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| Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Animal behaviour: planning for breakfast |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
445 |
Issue |
7130 |
Pages |
825-826 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Feeding Behavior/*physiology; *Food; Haplorhini/physiology; Memory/physiology; Songbirds/*physiology; Thinking/*physiology |
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| ISSN |
1476-4687 |
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| Notes |
PMID:17314961 |
Approved |
no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
356 |
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| Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Taking the best for learning |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Behavioural processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
| Volume |
69 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
147-9; author reply 159-63 |
| Keywords |
*Algorithms; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Decision Making; Evolution; *Learning; *Models, Theoretical |
| Abstract |
Examples of how animals learn when multiple, sometimes redundant, cues are present provide further examples not considered by Hutchinson and Gigerenzer that seem to fit the principle of taking the best. “The best” may the most valid cue in the present circumstances; evolution may also produce species-specific biases to use the most functionally relevant cues. |
| Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5S 3G3. shettle@psych.utoronto.ca |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0376-6357 |
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| Notes |
PMID:15845301 |
Approved |
no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
361 |
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