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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Forster, H.V.; Pan, L.G.; Bisgard, G.E.; Flynn, C.; Hoffer, R.E. openurl 
  Title Changes in breathing when switching from nares to tracheostomy breathing in awake ponies Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1985 Publication Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) Abbreviated Journal J Appl Physiol  
  Volume 59 Issue 4 Pages 1214-1221  
  Keywords Airway Resistance; Animals; Chemoreceptors/physiology; Consciousness; Exertion; Horses/*physiology; Lung Compliance; Pulmonary Gas Exchange; Pulmonary Stretch Receptors/physiology; *Respiration; Respiratory Dead Space; *Tracheotomy  
  Abstract We assessed the consequences of respiratory unloading associated with tracheostomy breathing (TBr). Three normal and three carotid body-denervated (CBD) ponies were prepared with chronic tracheostomies that at rest reduced physiological dead space (VD) from 483 +/- 60 to 255 +/- 30 ml and lung resistance from 1.5 +/- 0.14 to 0.5 +/- 0.07 cmH2O . l-1 . s. At rest and during steady-state mild-to-heavy exercise arterial PCO2 (PaCO2) was approximately 1 Torr higher during nares breathing (NBr) than during TBr. Pulmonary ventilation and tidal volume (VT) were greater and alveolar ventilation was less during NBr than TBr. Breathing frequency (f) did not differ between NBr and TBr at rest, but f during exercise was greater during TBr than during NBr. These responses did not differ between normal and CBD ponies. We also assessed the consequences of increasing external VD (300 ml) and resistance (R, 0.3 cmH2O . l-1 . s) by breathing through a tube. At rest and during mild exercise tube breathing caused PaCO2 to transiently increase 2-3 Torr, but 3-5 min later PaCO2 usually was within 1 Torr of control. Tube breathing did not cause f to change. When external R was increased 1 cmH2O . l-1 . s by breathing through a conventional air collection system, f did not change at rest, but during exercise f was lower than during unencumbered breathing. These responses did not differ between normal, CBD, and hilar nerve-denervated ponies, and they did not differ when external VD or R were added at either the nares or tracheostomy.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 8750-7587 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:4055600 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 100  
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Author Weik, H.; Lingk, W.; Altmann, H.J. openurl 
  Title [Behavior of individual fatty acids during in-vitro lipolysis and resynthesis in equine depot fat] Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1972 Publication Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A Abbreviated Journal Zentralbl Veterinarmed A  
  Volume 19 Issue 8 Pages 677-685  
  Keywords Adipose Tissue/*metabolism; Animals; Fatty Acids/*metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism; Horses/*metabolism; Triglycerides/metabolism  
  Abstract  
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  Language German Summary Language Original Title Das Verhalten der einzelnen Fettsauren wahrend der Lipolyse und Resynthese im Pferdepotfett in vitro  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0514-7158 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:4628723 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 131  
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Author Weik, H.; Altmann, J. openurl 
  Title The effect of L(+)-lactate on rat and horse adipose tissue in vitro Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1972 Publication Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A Abbreviated Journal Zentralbl Veterinarmed A  
  Volume 19 Issue 6 Pages 514-518  
  Keywords Adipose Tissue/analysis/*drug effects; Animals; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; Glycerol/metabolism; Horses; Lactates/*pharmacology; Lipid Metabolism; Male; Rats  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0514-7158 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:4626300 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 132  
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Author Altmann, H.J.; Weik, H. openurl 
  Title [Serum fatty acid patterns of phospholipid fractions in horses] Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde Abbreviated Journal Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd  
  Volume 28 Issue 5 Pages 285-288  
  Keywords Animals; Chromatography, Thin Layer; Fatty Acids/*blood; *Horses; Male; Phospholipids/*blood  
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  Language German Summary Language Original Title Fettsaurenmuster der Phospholipidfraktionen im plasma des Pferdes  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0044-3565 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:5141052 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 133  
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Author Weik, H.; Altmann, H.J. openurl 
  Title [Behavior of blood lipids during fasting in the horse] Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1971 Publication Zentralblatt fur Veterinarmedizin. Reihe A Abbreviated Journal Zentralbl Veterinarmed A  
  Volume 18 Issue 2 Pages 131-138  
  Keywords Adipose Tissue/metabolism; Animals; Chromatography, Gas; Fasting/*veterinary; Fatty Acids/blood/metabolism; Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/blood; Horses/*metabolism; Lipids/*blood  
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  Language German Summary Language Original Title Das Verhalten einiger Blutlipide wahrend des Hungerns beim Pferd  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN 0514-7158 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:4995835 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 134  
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Author Altmann, H.J.; Hertel, J.; Drepper, K. openurl 
  Title [Nutritional physiology of the horse. 3. Protein values in the gastrointestinal tract of slaughtered horses] Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1970 Publication Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde Abbreviated Journal Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd  
  Volume 26 Issue 5 Pages 245-252  
  Keywords Amino Acids/*analysis/biosynthesis; *Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Horses/*physiology; Intestines/analysis  
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  Language German Summary Language Original Title Erhnahrungsphysiologische Untersuchungen beim Pferd. 3. Untersuchungen uber die Proteinwertigkeit im Magendarmtrakt von Schlachtpferen  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0044-3565 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:5519259 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 135  
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Author Hertel, J.; Altmann, H.J.; Drepper, K. openurl 
  Title [Nutritional physiology studies of the horse. II. Raw nutrient studies of the gastrointestinal tract of slaughtered horses] Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1970 Publication Zeitschrift fur Tierphysiologie, Tierernahrung und Futtermittelkunde Abbreviated Journal Z Tierphysiol Tierernahr Futtermittelkd  
  Volume 26 Issue 3 Pages 169-174  
  Keywords Animal Feed/*analysis; *Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Digestive System/*analysis; Horses/*physiology; Intestines/metabolism; Lipid Metabolism; Proteins/metabolism; Stomach/metabolism  
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  Language German Summary Language Original Title Ernahrungsphysiologische Untersuchungen beim Pferd. II. Rohnahrstoffuntersuchungen im Magen-Darm-Trakt von Schlachtpferden  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
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  ISSN 0044-3565 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:5516852 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 136  
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Author Brosnan, S.F.; Schiff, H.C.; de Waal, F.B.M. doi  openurl
  Title Tolerance for inequity may increase with social closeness in chimpanzees Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society Abbreviated Journal Proc Biol Sci  
  Volume 272 Issue 1560 Pages 253-258  
  Keywords Analysis of Variance; Animals; *Attitude; Group Processes; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; Reward; *Social Behavior; Socioeconomic Factors  
  Abstract Economic decision-making depends on our social environment. Humans tend to respond differently to inequity in close relationships, yet we know little about the potential for such variation in other species. We examine responses to inequity in several groups of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in a paradigm similar to that used previously in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella). We demonstrate that, like capuchin monkeys, chimpanzees show a response to inequity of rewards that is based upon the partner receiving the reward rather than the presence of the reward alone. However, we also found a great amount of variation between groups tested, indicating that chimpanzees, like people, respond to inequity in a variable manner, which we speculate could be caused by such variables as group size, the social closeness of the group (as reflected in length of time that the group has been together) and group-specific traditions.  
  Address Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 North Gatewood Drive, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. sbrosna@emory.edu  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0962-8452 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:15705549 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 169  
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Author de Waal, F.B.; Uno, H.; Luttrell, L.M.; Meisner, L.F.; Jeannotte, L.A. openurl 
  Title Behavioral retardation in a macaque with autosomal trisomy and aging mother Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1996 Publication American journal of mental retardation : AJMR Abbreviated Journal Am J Ment Retard  
  Volume 100 Issue 4 Pages 378-390  
  Keywords Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Brain/physiopathology; Female; Hydrocephalus/complications; Longitudinal Studies; Macaca mulatta/*genetics; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Male; *Maternal Age; Psychomotor Disorders/*etiology; Social Behavior; Trisomy/*genetics; X Chromosome  
  Abstract The social development of a female rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) was followed from the day of birth until her death, at age 32 months. The subject, born to an older mother, had an extra autosome (karyotype: 43, XX, +18), an affliction that came about spontaneously. MRI scans revealed that she was also hydrocephalic. Compared to 23 female monkeys growing up under identical conditions, the subject showed serious motor deficiencies, a dramatic delay in the development of social behavior, poorly established dominance relationships, and greater than usual dependency on mother and kin. The subject was well-integrated into the social group, however.  
  Address University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0895-8017 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:8718992 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 205  
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Author Zentall, T.R.; Kaiser, D.H. doi  openurl
  Title Interval timing with gaps: gap ambiguity as an alternative to temporal decay Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 2005 Publication Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes Abbreviated Journal J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process  
  Volume 31 Issue 4 Pages 484-486  
  Keywords Animals; Behavior, Animal; Discrimination (Psychology)/*physiology; Memory/*physiology; Rats; Time Perception/*physiology  
  Abstract C. V. Buhusi, D. Perera, and W. H. Meck (2005) proposed a hypothesis of timing in rats to account for the results of experiments that have used the peak procedure with gaps. According to this hypothesis, the introduction of a gap causes the animal's memory for the pregap interval to passively decay (subjectively shorten) in direct proportion to the duration and salience of the gap. Thus, animals should pause with short, nonsalient gaps but should reset their clock with longer, salient gaps. The present authors suggest that the ambiguity of the gap (i.e., the similarity between the gap and the intertrial interval in both appearance and relative duration) causes the animal to actively reset the clock and prevents adequate assessments of the fate of timed intervals prior to the gap. Furthermore, when the intertrial interval is discriminable from the gap, the evidence suggests that timed intervals prior to the gap are not lost but are retained in memory.  
  Address Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA. zentall@uky.edu  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0097-7403 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:16248734 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 220  
Permanent link to this record
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