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Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database

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Author Clement, T.S.; Feltus, J.R.; Kaiser, D.H.; Zentall, T.R. openurl 
  Title “Work ethic” in pigeons: reward value is directly related to the effort or time required to obtain the reward Type Journal Article
  Year 2000 Publication Psychonomic bulletin & review Abbreviated Journal Psychon Bull Rev  
  Volume 7 Issue 1 Pages 100-106  
  Keywords Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Cognition/physiology; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning/physiology; Female; Male; Reinforcement (Psychology); *Reward; Time Factors  
  Abstract Stimuli associated with less effort or with shorter delays to reinforcement are generally preferred over those associated with greater effort or longer delays to reinforcement. However, the opposite appears to be true of stimuli that follow greater effort or longer delays. In training, a simple simultaneous discrimination followed a single peck to an initial stimulus (S+FR1 S-FR1) and a different simple simultaneous discrimination followed 20 pecks to the initial stimulus (S+FR20 S-FR20). On test trials, pigeons preferred S+FR20 over S+FR1 and S-FR20 over S-FR1. These data support the view that the state of the animal immediately prior to presentation of the discrimination affects the value of the reinforcement that follows it. This contrast effect is analogous to effects that when they occur in humans have been attributed to more complex cognitive and social factors.  
  Address University of Kentucky, Lexington, USA  
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  ISSN 1069-9384 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes PMID:10780022 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 248  
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Author Clutton-Brock, T.H.; Russell, A.F.; Sharpe, L.L.; Brotherton, P.N.; McIlrath, G.M.; White, S.; Cameron, E.Z. doi  openurl
  Title Effects of helpers on juvenile development and survival in meerkats Type Journal Article
  Year 2001 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 293 Issue 5539 Pages 2446-2449  
  Keywords Animals; Breeding; Carnivora/growth & development/*physiology; *Cooperative Behavior; Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Survival Rate; *Weight Gain  
  Abstract Although breeding success is known to increase with group size in several cooperative mammals, the mechanisms underlying these relationships are uncertain. We show that in wild groups of cooperative meerkats, Suricata suricatta, reductions in the ratio of helpers to pups depress the daily weight gain and growth of pups and the daily weight gain of helpers. Increases in the daily weight gain of pups are associated with heavier weights at independence and at 1 year of age, as well as with improved foraging success as juveniles and higher survival rates through the first year of life. These results suggest that the effects of helpers on the fitness of pups extend beyond weaning and that helpers may gain direct as well as indirect benefits by feeding pups.  
  Address Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. thcb@hermes.cam.ac.uk  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0036-8075 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:11577235 Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 414  
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Author Eisenmann V, U.H.-P. openurl 
  Title Identification and discrimination of Equus metapodials Type Book Chapter
  Year 1986 Publication Abbreviated Journal In: Equids in the ancient world  
  Volume Issue Pages 118-163  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1065  
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Author Fedak Ma, S.H. openurl 
  Title Reappraisal of energetics of locomotion shows identical cost in bipeds and quadrupeds including ostrich and horse Type Journal Article
  Year 1979 Publication Abbreviated Journal Nature  
  Volume 282 Issue Pages 713-716  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1079  
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Author Frerichs Wm, H. openurl 
  Title Treatment of equine piroplasmosis with imidocarb dipropionate Type Journal Article
  Year 1974 Publication Abbreviated Journal Vet Rec  
  Volume 95 Issue Pages 188-189  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1096  
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Author Green Nf, G.H. openurl 
  Title The wild horse population.... Type Journal Article
  Year 1977 Publication Abbreviated Journal Proc National Wild Horse Forum  
  Volume 1 Issue Pages 59-65  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1125  
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Author LANG EM, L.E.H.M.A.N.N.E. von openurl 
  Title Wildesel in Vergangenheit und Gegenwart Type Journal Article
  Year 1972 Publication Zoologische Garten Abbreviated Journal Zool. Garten.  
  Volume 41 Issue Pages 157-167  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1338  
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Author Lloyd Ph, H.D. openurl 
  Title A case of adaptation and rejection of foals in Cape Mountain Zebra Type Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Abbreviated Journal S Afr Wildl Res  
  Volume 10 Issue Pages 61-62  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1348  
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Author Malcom Jr, L.H. openurl 
  Title Notes on wild dogs hunting zebras Type Journal Article
  Year 1975 Publication Abbreviated Journal Mammalia  
  Volume 39 Issue Pages 231-240  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1363  
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Author Meadow Rh, U.H. openurl 
  Title Equids in the ancient world Type Journal Article
  Year 1986 Publication Beihefte z Tübinger Atlas d Vorderen Orients Reihe A Abbreviated Journal  
  Volume 19/1 Issue Pages P  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1383  
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