| Records |
| Author |
Emery, N.J.; Clayton, N.S. |
| Title |
The Mentality of Crows: Convergent Evolution of Intelligence in Corvids and Apes |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal  |
Science |
| Volume |
306 |
Issue |
5703 |
Pages |
1903-1907 |
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| Abstract |
Discussions of the evolution of intelligence have focused on monkeys and apes because of their close evolutionary relationship to humans. Other large-brained social animals, such as corvids, also understand their physical and social worlds. Here we review recent studies of tool manufacture, mental time travel, and social cognition in corvids, and suggest that complex cognition depends on a “tool kit” consisting of causal reasoning, flexibility, imagination, and prospection. Because corvids and apes share these cognitive tools, we argue that complex cognitive abilities evolved multiple times in distantly related species with vastly different brain structures in order to solve similar socioecological problems. |
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10.1126/science.1098410 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2959 |
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| Author |
Gallup GG |
| Title |
Chimpanzees: self-recognition |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1970 |
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Science |
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Science |
| Volume |
167 |
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86 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2997 |
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| Author |
Jolly, A. |
| Title |
Lemur social behavior and primate intelligence |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1966 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
153 |
Issue |
3735 |
Pages |
501 - 506 |
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Our human intellect has resulted from an enormous leap in capacity above the level of monkeys and apes. Earlier, though, Old and New World monkeys' intelligence outdistanced that of other mammals, including the prosimian primates. This first great advance in intelligence probably was selected through interspecific competition on the large continents. However, even at this early stage, primate social life provided the evolutionary context of primate intelligence.
Two arguments support this conclusion. One is ontogenetic: modern monkeys learn so much of their social behavior, and learn their behavior toward food and toward other species through social example. The second is phylogenetic: some prosimians, the social lemurs, have evolved the usual primate type of society and social learning without the capacity to manipulate objects as monkeys do. It thus seems likely that the rudiments of primate society preceded the growth of primate intelligence, made it possible, and determined its nature. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3010 |
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| Author |
Premack D; Woodruff G |
| Title |
Chimpanzee problem-solving: a test for comprehension |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1978 |
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Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
202(3) |
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532 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3034 |
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| Author |
Zentall TR; Levine JM |
| Title |
Observational learning and social facilitation in the rat |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
1972 |
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Science |
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Science |
| Volume |
178 |
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1220 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3053 |
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| Author |
Clayton NS; Dickinson A |
| Title |
Rational rats |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2006 |
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Science |
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Science |
| Volume |
9 |
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472 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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3061 |
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| Author |
Straub, A. |
| Title |
An intelligent crow beats a lab |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
316 |
Issue |
5825 |
Pages |
688 |
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Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; *Crows; Dogs; Intelligence; Memory |
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English |
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1095-9203 |
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PMID:17478698 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4102 |
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| Author |
Silk, J.B. |
| Title |
Social Components of Fitness in Primate Groups |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
317 |
Issue |
5843 |
Pages |
1347-1351 |
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There is much interest in the evolutionary forces that favored the evolution of large brains in the primate order. The social brain hypothesis posits that selection has favored larger brains and more complex cognitive capacities as a means to cope with the challenges of social life. The hypothesis is supported by evidence that shows that group size is linked to various measures of brain size. But it has not been clear how cognitive complexity confers fitness advantages on individuals. Research in the field and laboratory shows that sophisticated social cognition underlies social behavior in primate groups. Moreover, a growing body of evidence suggests that the quality of social relationships has measurable fitness consequences for individuals. |
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10.1126/science.1140734 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4239 |
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| Author |
Pennisi, E. |
| Title |
PSYCHOLOGY: Nonhuman Primates Demonstrate Humanlike Reasoning |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
317 |
Issue |
5843 |
Pages |
1308- |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4240 |
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| Author |
Wood, J.N.; Glynn, D.D.; Phillips, B.C.; Hauser, M.D. |
| Title |
The Perception of Rational, Goal-Directed Action in Nonhuman Primates |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
| Volume |
317 |
Issue |
5843 |
Pages |
1402-1405 |
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Humans are capable of making inferences about other individuals' intentions and goals by evaluating their actions in relation to the constraints imposed by the environment. This capacity enables humans to go beyond the surface appearance of behavior to draw inferences about an individual's mental states. Presently unclear is whether this capacity is uniquely human or is shared with other animals. We show that cotton-top tamarins, rhesus macaques, and chimpanzees all make spontaneous inferences about a human experimenter's goal by attending to the environmental constraints that guide rational action. These findings rule out simple associative accounts of action perception and show that our capacity to infer rational, goal-directed action likely arose at least as far back as the New World monkeys, some 40 million years ago. |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4241 |
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