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| Author | Jedrzejewski, W.; Schmidt, K.; Theuerkauf, J.; Jedrzejewska, B.; Selva, N.; Zub, K. | ||||
| Title | Kill rate and predation by wolves on ungulate populations in Bialowieza primeval forest (Poland) | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2002 | Publication | Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 83 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Jedrzejewski2002 | Serial | 6481 | ||
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| Author | Cameron, E. Z.,; Linklater, W. L.,; Stafford, K.J.,; Minot, E. O., | ||||
| Title | Social grouping and maternal behaviour in feral horses (Equus caballus): the influence of males on maternal protectiveness | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2003 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume | 53 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 92-101 |
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| Abstract | The risk of infant injury or mortality influences maternal behaviour, particularly protectiveness. Mares are found in bands with a single stallion or bands with more than one stallion in which paternity is less certain. We investigated maternal behaviour in relation to band type. Mares in bands with more than one stallion were more protective of their foals, particularly when stallions and foals approached one another. The rate of aggression between the stallion and foal was a significant predictor of maternal protectiveness, and mare protectiveness was significantly correlated with reduced reproductive success in the subsequent year. Mares that changed band types with a foal at foot, or had their band type experimentally altered, were more protective of their foal in multi-stallion bands than they were in single-stallion bands. Equids are unusual amongst ungulates in that infanticide and feticide have been reported. Both occur where paternity has been uncertain, and equid social structure is similar to other species in which infanticide has been reported. Stallions benefit from infanticide as the mare has greater reproductive success in the subsequent year. Stallion aggression is a significant modifier of mare behaviour and maternal effort, probably due to the risk of infanticide. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 458 | ||
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| Author | Dugatkin, L.A.; Earley, R.L. | ||||
| Title | Group fusion: the impact of winner, loser, and bystander effects on hierarchy formation in large groups | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2003 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. |
| Volume | 14 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 367-373 |
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| Abstract | We present the results of a series of computer simulations that examined the impact of winner, loser, and bystander effects on hierarchy formation in fused groups. These effects and their implications for hierarchy structure and aggressive interactions were first examined in small four-member groups. Subsequent to this, the two small groups were fused into a single larger group. Further interactions took place in this fused group, generating a new hierarchy. Our models demonstrate clearly that winner, loser, and bystander effects strongly influence both the structure and types of interactions that emerge from the fusion of smaller groups. Four conditions produced results in which the same general patterns were uncovered in pre- and postfusion groups: (1) winner effects alone, (2) bystander loser effects alone, (3) winner and bystander winner effects operating simultaneously, and (4) all four effects in play simultaneously. Outside this parameter space, hierarchy structure and the nature of aggressive interactions differed in pre- and postfusion groups. When only loser effects were in play, one of the two clear alphas from the prefused groups dropped in rank in the eight-member fused group. When bystander winner effects were in play, it was difficult to rank any of the eight individuals in the fused group, and players interacted almost exclusively with those that were not in their original four-member group. When loser and bystander loser effects operated simultaneously, two top-ranking individuals emerged in the fused groups, but the relative rank of the other players was difficult to assign. | ||||
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| Notes | 10.1093/beheco/14.3.367 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 519 | ||
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| Author | Pusey, A. E.; Packer, C. | ||||
| Title | The Ecology of relationships | Type | Book Chapter | ||
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2003 | Publication | Behavioural Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. |
| Volume | Issue | Pages | 254 -283 | ||
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| Publisher | Blackwell Scientific Publication | Place of Publication | Oxford | Editor | Krebs, J.R.; Davis, N.B.; |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 820 | ||
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| Author | Wittig, R.M.; Boesch, C. | ||||
| Title | “Decision-making” in conflicts of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): an extension of the Relational Model | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2003 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume | 54 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 491-504 |
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| Abstract | >We examined the “decision-making” process of aggressive interactions within a community of wild chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes verus) in the Taï National Park, Côte d’Ivoire (West Africa). Costs and benefits were investigated for 876 dyadic aggressive interactions among 18 adults (including 4 independent adolescents) of either sex. An extended version of the Relational Model was developed to describe the dynamics of the “decision-making” process in Taï chimpanzees, which suggests that the net benefit determines the occurrence of conflicts. Both sexes fought more frequently for the resources that were most important to them, food for females and social contexts for males. Individuals used two different strategies according to their likelihood of winning the aggressive interaction, determined by the dominance relationship of the conflict partners. Dominant initiators had longer and more intense aggressive interactions, but they limited their social disadvantages by fighting non-cooperative partners. Subordinate initiators had shorter and less intense aggressive interactions, but risked more social costs, which they could reduce afterwards by reconciliation. Both strategies included a positive overall net benefit. The extended Relational Model fits the complexity of wild chimpanzee conflicts and allows for more flexibility in the “decision-making” compared to the original version. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2206 | ||
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| Author | Dall, Sasha R. X; Houston, Alasdair I.; McNamara, John M. | ||||
| Title | The behavioural ecology of personality: consistent individual differences from an adaptive perspective | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2004 | Publication | Ecology Letters | Abbreviated Journal | Ecol. Letters |
| Volume | 7 | Issue | Pages | 734-739 | |
| Keywords | Adaptive individual differences, behavioural ecology, behavioural syndromes, evolutionary game theory, life history strategies, personality differences, state-dependent dynamic programming | ||||
| Abstract | Individual humans, and members of diverse other species, show consistent differences in aggressiveness, shyness, sociability and activity. Such intraspecific differences in behaviour have been widely assumed to be non-adaptive variation surrounding (possibly) adaptive population-average behaviour. Nevertheless, in keeping with recent calls to apply Darwinian reasoning to ever-finer scales of biological variation, we sketch the fundamentals of an adaptive theory of consistent individual differences in behaviour. Our thesis is based on the notion that such .personality differences. can be selected for if fitness payoffs are dependent on both the frequencies with which competing strategies are played and an individual`s behavioural history. To this end, we review existing models that illustrate this and propose a game theoretic approach to analyzing personality differences that is both dynamic and state-dependent. Our motivation is to provide insights into the evolution and maintenance of an apparently common animal trait: personality, which has far reaching ecological and evolutionary implications. |
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| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 494 | ||
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| Author | Naguib, M.; Amrhein, V.; Kunc, H.P. | ||||
| Title | Effects of territorial intrusions on eavesdropping neighbors: communication networks in nightingales | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2004 | Publication | Behavioral Ecology | Abbreviated Journal | Behav. Ecol. |
| Volume | 15 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 1011-1015 |
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| Abstract | Animal communication often occurs in communication networks in which multiple signalers and receivers are within signaling range of each other. In such networks, individuals can obtain information on the quality and motivation of territorial neighbors by eavesdropping on their signaling interactions. In songbirds, extracting information from interactions involving neighbors is thought to be an important factor in the evolution of strategies of territory defense. In a playback experiment with radio-tagged nightingales Luscinia megarhynchos we here demonstrate that territorial males use their familiar neighbors' performance in a vocal interaction with an unfamiliar intruder as a standard for their own response. Males were attracted by a vocal interaction between their neighbor and a simulated stranger and intruded into the neighbor's territory. The more intensely the neighbor had interacted with playback, the earlier the intrusions were made, indicating that males eavesdropped on the vocal contest involving a neighbor. However, males never intruded when we had simulated by a second playback that the intruder had retreated and sang outside the neighbor's territory. These results suggest that territorial males use their neighbors' singing behavior as an early warning system when territorial integrity is threatened. Simultaneous responses by neighboring males towards unfamiliar rivals are likely to be beneficial to the individuals in maintaining territorial integrity. | ||||
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| Notes | 10.1093/beheco/arh108 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 499 | ||
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| Author | Sih, A.; Bell, A.; Johnson, J.C. | ||||
| Title | Behavioral syndromes: an ecological and evolutionary overview | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2004 | Publication | Trends in Ecology & Evolution | Abbreviated Journal | Trends. Ecol. Evol |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 7 | Pages | 372-378 |
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| Abstract | Recent studies suggest that populations and species often exhibit behavioral syndromes; that is, suites of correlated behaviors across situations. An example is an aggression syndrome where some individuals are more aggressive, whereas others are less aggressive across a range of situations and contexts. The existence of behavioral syndromes focuses the attention of behavioral ecologists on limited (less than optimal) behavioral plasticity and behavioral carryovers across situations, rather than on optimal plasticity in each isolated situation. Behavioral syndromes can explain behaviors that appear strikingly non-adaptive in an isolated context (e.g. inappropriately high activity when predators are present, or excessive sexual cannibalism). Behavioral syndromes can also help to explain the maintenance of individual variation in behavioral types, a phenomenon that is ubiquitous, but often ignored. Recent studies suggest that the behavioral type of an individual, population or species can have important ecological and evolutionary implications, including major effects on species distributions, on the relative tendencies of species to be invasive or to respond well to environmental change, and on speciation rates. Although most studies of behavioral syndromes to date have focused on a few organisms, mainly in the laboratory, further work on other species, particularly in the field, should yield numerous new insights. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2185 | ||
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| Author | Dukas, R. | ||||
| Title | Evolutionary Biology Of Animal Cognition | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2004 | Publication | Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 35 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 347-374 |
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| Abstract | This review focuses on five key evolutionary issues pertaining to animal cognition, defined as the neuronal processes concerned with the acquisition, retention, and use of information. Whereas the use of information, or decision making, has been relatively well examined by students of behavior, evolutionary aspects of other cognitive traits that affect behavior, including perception, learning, memory, and attention, are less well understood. First, there is ample evidence for genetically based individual variation in cognitive traits, although much of the information for some traits comes from humans. Second, several studies documented positive association between cognitive abilities and performance measures linked to fitness. Third, information on the evolution of cognitive traits is available primarily for color vision and decision making. Fourth, much of the data on plasticity of cognitive traits appears to reflect nonadaptive phenotypic plasticity, perhaps because few evolutionary analyses of cognitive plasticity have been carried out. Nonetheless, several studies suggest that cognitive traits show adaptive plasticity, and at least one study documented genetically based individual variation in plasticity. Fifth, whereas assertions that cognition has played a central role in animal evolution are not supported by currently available data, theoretical considerations indicate that cognition may either increase or decrease the rate of evolutionary change. | ||||
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| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2970 | ||
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| Author | List, C. | ||||
| Title | Democracy in animal groups: a political science perspective | Type | Journal Article | ||
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2004 | Publication | Trends in Ecology & Evolution (Personal Edition) | Abbreviated Journal | Trends Ecol Evol |
| Volume | 19 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 168-169 |
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0169-5347 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:16701250 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5137 | ||
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