|
|
de Wall, F. B., & Aureli, F. (1997). Conflict resolution and distress alleviation in monkeys and apes. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 807, 317–328.
Abstract: Research on nonhuman primates has produced compelling evidence for reconciliation and consolation, that is, postconflict contacts that serve to respectively repair social relationships and reassure distressed individuals, such as victims of attack. This has led to a view of conflict and conflict resolution as an integrated part of social relationships, hence determined by social factors and modifiable by the social environment. Implications of this new model of social conflict are discussed along with evidence for behavioral flexibility, the value of cooperation, and the possibility that distress alleviation rests on empathy, a capacity that may be present in chimpanzees and humans but not in most other animals.
|
|
|
|
Delacour, J. (1997). Object Perception and Recognition: A Model for the Scientific Study of Consciousness. Theory Psychology, 7(2), 257–262.
Abstract: The main obstacles to the scientific study of consciousness are its subjectivity and its complexity. Object perception and recognition (OPR) can be a useful model in such a study because there is a remarkable agreement between the subjective and objective aspects of OPR; in addition, while OPR is somewhat simpler than other forms of cognition, it adequately represents one characteristic feature of consciousness: intentionality. It thus allows convergent studies of experimental psychology, artificial intelligence and biology, in both humans and animals. Recent advances in the neurophysiology of visual OPR in subhuman primates and its brain imaging in humans provide a vital thread to the neural basis of consciousness, especially of its integrative, unifying character.
|
|
|
|
Gallagher, M., & Rapp, P. R. (1997). The Use Of Animal Models To Study The Effects Of Aging On Cognition. Annual Review of Psychology, 48(1), 339–370.
Abstract: This review addresses the importance of animal models for understanding the effects of normal aging on the brain and cognitive functions. First, studies of laboratory animals can help to distinguish between healthy aging and pathological conditions that may contribute to cognitive decline late in life. Second, research on individual differences in aging, a theme of interest in studies of elderly human beings, can be advanced by the experimental control afforded in the use of animal models. The review offers a neuropsychological framework to compare the effects of aging in human beings, monkeys, and rodents. We consider aging in relation to the role of the medial temporal lobe in memory, the information processing functions of the prefrontal cortex in the strategic use of memory, and the regulation of attention by distributed neural circuitry. We also provide an overview of the neurobiological effects of aging that may account for alterations in psychological functions.
|
|
|
|
Anderson JR, & Gallup GG. (1997). Self-recognition in Saguinus? A critical essay. Anim. Behav., 54, 1563.
|
|
|
|
Bugnyar T, & Huber L. (1997). Push or pull: an experimental study on imitation in marmosets. Anim. Behav., 54, 817.
|
|
|
|
Hauser MD, & Kralik J. (1997). Life beyond the mirror: a reply to Anderson & Gallup. Anim. Behav., 54, 1568.
|
|
|
|
Inoue-Nakamura N, & Matsuzawa T. (1997). Development of stone tool use by wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes). J. Comp. Psychol., 111, 159.
|
|
|
|
Povinelli DJ, Gallup GG, Eddy TJ, Bierschwale DT, & Engstrom MC. (1997). Chimpanzees recognize themselves in mirrors. Anim. Behav., 53, 1083.
|
|
|
|
Hauser MD. (1997). Artifactual kinds and functional design features: what a primate understands without language. Cognition, 64, 285.
|
|
|
|
Bekoff M. (1997). Deep Ethology, Animal Rights, and the Great Ape/Animal Project: Resisting Speciesism and Expanding the Community of Equals. Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics, 10, 269–296.
|
|
