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Author von Peinen, K.; Wiestner, T.; Bogisch, S.; Roepstorff, L.; Van Weeren, P.R.; Weishaupt, M.A.
Title Relationship between the forces acting on the horse's back and the movements of rider and horse while walking on a treadmill Type Journal Article
Year (up) 2009 Publication Equine Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal
Volume 41 Issue 3 Pages 285-291
Keywords horse; ground reaction forces; kinematics; rider; saddle force
Abstract Reasons for performing study: The exact relationship between the saddle pressure pattern during one stride cycle and the movements of horse and rider at the walk are poorly understood and have never been investigated in detail. Hypothesis: The movements of rider and horse account for the force distribution pattern under the saddle. Method: Vertical ground reaction forces (GRF), kinematics of horse and rider as well as saddle forces (FS) were measured synchronously in 7 high level dressage horses while being ridden on an instrumented treadmill at walk. Discrete values of the total saddle forces (FStot) were determined for each stride and related to kinematics and GRF. The pressure sensitive mat was divided into halves and sixths to assess the force distribution over the horse's back in more detail. Differences were tested using a one sample t test (P<0.05). Results: FStot of all the horses showed 3 peaks (P1-P3) and 3 minima (M1-M3) in each half-cycle, which were systematically related to the footfall sequence of the walk. Looking at the halves of the mat, force curves were 50% phase-shifted. The analysis of the FS of the 6 sections showed a clear association to the rider's and horse's movements. Conclusion: The saddle force distribution during an entire stride cycle has a distinct pattern although the force fluctuations of the FStot are small. The forces in the front thirds were clearly related to the movement of the front limbs, those in the mid part to the lateral flexion of the horse's spine and the loading of the hind part was mainly influenced by the axial rotation and lateral bending of the back. Potential relevance: These data can be used as a reference for comparing different types of saddle fit.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 2042-3306 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5822
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Author Lonsdorf, E.V.; Ross, S.R.; Linick, S.A.; Milstein, M.S.; Melber, T.N.
Title An experimental, comparative investigation of tool use in chimpanzees and gorillas Type Journal Article
Year (up) 2009 Publication Animal Behaviour Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 77 Issue 5 Pages 1119-1126
Keywords chimpanzee; gorilla; Gorilla gorilla gorilla; Pan troglodytes; social structure; tool use
Abstract Studies of ape tool use have been conducted in captivity since the early 1900s and in the wild since the 1960s. Chimpanzees are the most prolific tool users among the apes, and are known to use more tools than any other nonhuman animal. In contrast, reports of gorilla tool use are rare both in wild and captive settings. Studies of the processes involved in tool use learning have been limited in the wild by the lack of ability to control several unpredictable variables, and in captivity by tool use opportunities that are often presented in non-naturalistic contexts. We attempted to address both of these limitations by providing naïve subjects with a naturalistic tool use device (built to simulate a termite mound) while housed in a more natural social setting to approximate how learning would occur in the wild. Both gorillas and chimpanzees participated in the experiment to allow comparative analyses of acquisition of tool behaviour and the factors that may affect acquisition. Both species showed low frequencies of interaction with the mound in the baseline condition, before baiting with a food reward. Once baited, chimpanzees both attempted and succeeded to extract the reward more quickly than did gorillas. The number of social group members at the mound was significantly higher for chimpanzees than for gorillas and may have affected skill acquisition. We advocate that comparative approaches to skill acquisition and learning are valuable, but that researchers need to be cognizant of species differences in social structure that may affect results.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0003-3472 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5858
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Author Keeling, L.J.; Jonare, L.; Lanneborn, L.
Title Investigating horse–human interactions: The effect of a nervous human Type Journal Article
Year (up) 2009 Publication The Veterinary Journal Abbreviated Journal Vet J
Volume 181 Issue 1 Pages 70-71
Keywords Behaviour; Reactivity; Heart rate; Accidents; Equitation
Abstract The heart rates (HR) of horses and the people leading them (10 horses, 20 people), and riding them (17 horses, 17 people), were recorded in an indoor arena. The horses were Swedish leisure horses of mixed ages, sex and breed. All except two of the people were female and all were of mixed age and riding experience. Each horse–human pair walked or rode between points A and B (30 m) four times on each test occasion. However, just before the fourth pass, participants were told that an umbrella would be opened as they rode, or led, the horse past the assistant. The umbrella was not opened, so this pass was no different to the previous control occasions, but nevertheless there was an increase in HR for both the person (leading, P = 0.06; riding, P < 0.05) and the horse (being led, P < 0.05; being ridden, P < 0.05). The findings indicate that analysis of HR recorded simultaneously from people and horses under different experimental handling or riding conditions presents a useful tool to investigate horse–human interactions.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1090-0233 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5908
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Author Alexandridis, A.
Title Pferdgestützte Bewegungstherapie bei Essstörungen Type Journal Article
Year (up) 2009 Publication Mensch und Pferd Abbreviated Journal mup
Volume 1 Issue Pages 13-26
Keywords Pferdgestütze Bewegungstherapie, Essstörungen, Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, „Binge-Eating“-Störung, Natural Horsemanship
Abstract Inhalte und Methoden des Natural Horsemanship (nach Pat Parelli) werden beschrieben

und in der Verbindung mit aktuellen bewegungstherapeutischen Behandlungsmethoden

bei Anorexia nervosa, Bulimia nervosa und „Binge-Eating“-Störung dargestellt.

Diese Zusammenführung ergibt eine pferdgestützte bewegungstherapeutische Methode

zur Behandlung von Essstörungen, welche anhand konkreter Praxisbeispiele

beschrieben wird. Der Ausblick auf eine laufende Evaluationsstudie schließt den Artikel

ab.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5965
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Author Noti, M.; Sidler, D.; Brunner, T.
Title Extra-adrenal glucocorticoid synthesis in the intestinal epithelium: more than a drop in the ocean? Type Journal Article
Year (up) 2009 Publication Seminars in Immunopathology Abbreviated Journal Semin. Immunopathol.
Volume 31 Issue 2 Pages 237-248
Keywords
Abstract Glucocorticoids (GC) are lipophilic hormones commonly used as therapeutics in acute and chronic inflammatory disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease due to their attributed anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive actions. Although the adrenal glands are the major source of endogenous GC, there is increasing evidence for the production of extra-adrenal GC in the brain, thymus, skin, vasculature, and the intestine. However, the physiological relevance of extra-adrenal-produced GC remains still ambiguous. Therefore, this review attracts attention to discuss possible biological benefits of extra-adrenal-synthesized GC, especially focusing on the impact of locally synthesized GC in the regulation of intestinal immune responses.
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Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1863-2300 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Noti2009 Serial 6001
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Author Shettleworth, S.J.
Title The evolution of comparative cognition: is the snark still a Boojum? Type Journal Article
Year (up) 2009 Publication Behav Processes Abbreviated Journal
Volume 80 Issue Pages
Keywords
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Shettleworth2009 Serial 6231
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Author von Bayern, A.M.P.
Title The role of experience in problem solving and innovative tool use in crows Type Journal Article
Year (up) 2009 Publication Curr Biol Abbreviated Journal
Volume 19 Issue Pages
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ von Bayern2009 Serial 6290
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Author Reader, S.M.; Laland, K.N.
Title Animal Innovation Type Book Whole
Year (up) 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Oxford University Press Place of Publication Oxford Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN 978-0-19-852622 Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6381
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Author Szabó, L.; Heltai, M.; Szucs, E.; Lanszki, J.; Lehoczki, R.
Title Expansion range of the golden jackal in Hungary between 1997 and 2006 Type Journal Article
Year (up) 2009 Publication Mammalia Abbreviated Journal
Volume 73 Issue Pages
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Szabó2009 Serial 6461
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Author Boersma, P.; Weenink, D.
Title Praat: doing phonetics by computer Type Book Whole
Year (up) 2009 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
Keywords
Abstract
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Boersma2009 Serial 6496
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