| Records |
| Author |
Rubenstein Di, |
| Title |
Islands and their effects on the social organization of feral horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year  |
1978 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
ABS Symp |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1523 |
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| Author |
Rubenstein Di, |
| Title |
Behavioural ecology of island feral horeses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1981 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Equine. Vet. J. |
| Volume |
13 |
Issue |
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Pages |
27-34 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1524 |
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| Author |
Parker, G.A.; Rubenstein, D.I. |
| Title |
Role assessment, reserve strategy, and acquisition of information in asymmetric animal conflicts |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1981 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
| Volume |
29 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
221-240 |
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| Abstract |
It was formerly argued that alternative evolutionarily stable strategies (ESSs) are possible for animal contests characterized by some asymmetry that can be perceived with perfect accuracy. Where roles A and B refer to the asymmetry between opponents, ESSs are: [`]fight when A, retreat when B', and vice versa. Either can be an ESS, but only if the [`]reserve strategy' (=what an animal does when it fights) is sufficiently damaging. We examine the [`]war of attrition' (winner = opponent that persists longer). In a population at either ESS, reserve strategy is never normally shown; it is therefore subject to drift unless the selective action of rare individuals which break the convention is considered. These could arise either by mutation or by mistakes in role assessment. When mutations and mistakes simply specify that occasionally an animal fights when it [`]should' retreat, selection adjusts reserve strategy to a level where only one ESS (the [`]commonsense' ESS) is possible, if the asymmetry is relevant to payoff. Thus for asymmetries in fighting ability or resource value, the individual with the lower score will retreat. However, we are particularly concerned with cases where both payoff-relevant aspects (fighting ability and resource value) are asymmetric. If opponents sustain contest costs at rates KA and KB, and their resource values are VA and VB, an [`]optimal assessor' strategy defined by the interaction between the two asymmetries, is a unique ESS. It obeys the rule [`]fight on estimating role A, where VA/KA>VB/KB; retreat in B'. If mistakes can occur in both roles, but are very rate, the ESS is not fundamentally altered though there will be infinitesimal tendencies for persisting in role B. Selection to improve assessment abilities intensifies as abilities improve, but is weak if roles A and B are rather similar. Over a range of similarity between roles, an [`]owner wins' convention may be adopted if ownership correlates positively with role A and an individual cannot tell when it would otherwise pay him to break the convention. We also examine a contest in which information about roles can be acquired only during a contest itself, and at a cost. Much depends on the rate at which information is acquired relative to the rate at which costs are expended, and on whether contests normally escalate in intensity, remain at the same level, or de-escalate. Selection favours short contests when costs are high relative to resource value, where the outcome of a round contains much information about fighting ability, and where the actual disparity in fighting ability is large. |
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0003-3472 |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5325 |
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| Author |
Rubenstein D. I., |
| Title |
Reproductive value and behavioral strategies: coming of age in monkeys and horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
Perspectives in Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Perspect Ethol |
| Volume |
5 |
Issue |
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Pages |
469-487 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Serial |
1525 |
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| Author |
Rubenstein, D. I., |
| Title |
Ecology and sociality in horses and zebras |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1986 |
Publication |
Ecological Aspects of Social Evolution |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ecological Aspects of Social Evolution |
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Issue |
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Pages |
282-302 |
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Princeton University Press |
Place of Publication |
Princeton, NJ. |
Editor |
Rubenstein, D. I. ; Wrangham, R. W. |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
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Serial |
1526 |
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| Author |
Rubenstein, D.I |
| Title |
Life history and social organization in arid adapted ungulates |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Journal of Arid Environments |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Arid. Environ. |
| Volume |
17 |
Issue |
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Pages |
145-156 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
1527 |
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| Author |
Rubenstein, D.I.; Hohmann, M.E |
| Title |
Parasites and Social Behavior of Island Feral Horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Oikos |
Abbreviated Journal |
Oikos |
| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
312-320 |
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| Abstract |
The horses of Shackelford Banks, North Carolina, USA, are heavily parasitized by intestinal worms and harassed by dipterans, and although both types influence behavior only internal parasites affect bodily condition and the structuring of horse society. Thirteen species of internal parasites were identified, but only 4 of 13 groups contain them all and even within groups differences among individuals are large. Among individuals ova emissions vary ranging from 50 to 76,875 eggs per gram. The most important environmental factors influencing egg production are season and a group's location on the island, presumably because of salinity and soil differences and their effects on ova survival. Of the social and life history factors, age, and group size, but neither reproductive state nor dominance status are important. The fitness consequences of internal parasitism may be large since the number emitted is negatively correlated with next year's bodily condition. Biting fly burdens are also affected by a variety of environmental factors. In general, horses are covered with more flies on sunny days, when winds are moderately brisk, when occupying dunes, and around mid-day. In contrast to endoparasites, fly burden is affected by reproductive condition and dominance status and tends to decrease as groups increase in size. Since groups do not grow very large, nor do females attempt to bring groups together, the negative effects of endoparasites appear to overide those associated with ectoparasites. Consequently, endoparasites appear to exert a stronger influence on social structure, even though ectoparasites seem to play a stronger role in shaping details of behavior. |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2360 |
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| Author |
Ginsberg, J. R; Rubenstein, D. I. |
| Title |
Sperm competiton and variation in zebra mating behaviour |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1990 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume |
26 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
427-434 |
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| Abstract |
Data are presented on the breeding behavior of two zebra species to test whether intra- and interspecific variation in male reproductive behavior and physiology are correlated with differences in female promiscuity. In one species, plains zebra (Equus burchelli) females live in closed membership single male groups and mate monandrously. In the other species, the Grevy's zebra (E. grevyi) females live in groups whose membership is much more temporary. Typically, associations with individual males are brief and mating is polyandrous. However, some females – those having just given birth – reside with one male for long periods, mating monandrously. These differences in female mating behavior generate variability in the potential for sperm competition. We show that behavioral differences in male investment in reproductive activities correlate with the potential for sperm competition. When mating with promiscuous mares, Grevy's zebra stallions made a greater investment in reproductive behavior (calling, mounting, ejaculations) than did stallions of either species when mating with monandrous females. The evolution of large testes size in the Grevy's zebra, when compared to the congeneric plains zebra, horse, and mountain zebra, allows for this increased investment. |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1113 |
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| Author |
Rubenstein, D. I.; Hack, M. A. |
| Title |
Horse signals: The sounds and scents of fury |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1992 |
Publication |
Evolutionary Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Evol. Ecol. |
| Volume |
6 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
254-260 |
| Keywords |
ommunication – combat – fighting ability – individual identity – signals – information – assessment – displays |
| Abstract |
During contests animals typically exchange information about fighting ability. Among feral horses these signals involve olfactory or acoustical elements and each type can effectively terminate contests before physical contact becomes necessary. Dung transplant experiments show that for stallions, irrespective of rank, olfactory signals such as dung sniffing encode information about familiarity suggesting that such signals can be used as signatures. As such they can provide indirect information about fighting ability as long as opponents associate identity with past performance. Play-back experiments, however, show that vocalizations, such as squeals, directly provide information about status regardless of stallion familiarity. Sonographs reveal that squeals of dominants are longer than those of subordinates and that only those of dominants have at their onset high-frequency components. |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
506 |
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| Author |
Rubenstein, D. I. |
| Title |
The ecology of female social behaviour in horses, zebras and asses |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Animal Societies |
Abbreviated Journal |
Animal Societies |
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Pages |
13-28 |
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Kyoto University Press |
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Jarman, P.J.;, Rositter, A. |
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4-87698-014-4 |
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yes |
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1528 |
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