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Author |
Austin, N.P.; Rogers, L.J. |
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Title |
Lateralization of agonistic and vigilance responses in Przewalski horses (Equus przewalskii) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2014 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
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Volume  |
151 |
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Pages |
43-50 |
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Keywords |
Behavioural lateralization: Eye preference; Limb preference; Aggression; Vigilance; Reactivity; Przewalski horses |
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Abstract |
tEye and limb preferences were scored in the closest undomesticated relative of Equuscaballus using the same methods as used previously to study laterality in feral horses.Observations were made of 33 Przewalski horses (Equus ferus przewalskii) (male N = 20,female N = 13) living under natural social conditions on a large reserve in France. Signifi-cant left-eye/side biases were found in agonistic interactions within harem bands (M ± SEbias to left 58% ± 0.01 for threats, P < 0.001; 68% ± 0.05 for attacks; P < 0.001) and in stallionfights (threats, 52% ± 0.01 left, P < 0.001; attacks, 63% ± 0.02 left, P < 0.001): as many as 80%of the horses were significantly lateralized in attack responses within harem bands. Lat-erality of vigilance was measured as lifting up the head from grazing and turning it to theleft or right side: a directional bias to the left was found (M ± SE 53% ± 0.02 left, P < 0.001).Side bias in reactivity was calculated as the percent of head lifts above the level of thewithers on the left or right side and this was also left side biased (M ± SE 73% ± 0.03 left,P < 0.001). These results indicate right-hemisphere specialization for control of aggressionand responses to novelty. The left bias in attack scores within harem bands was strongerin males than females (P = 0.024) and in immature than adult horses (P = 0.032). Immaturehorses were also more strongly lateralized than adults in vigilance scores (P = 0.022), whichmay suggest that experience reduces these side biases. Our results show that Przewalskihorses exhibit left eye preferences, as do feral horses, and do so even more strongly thanferal horses. Considering feral and Przewalski horses together, we deduce that ancestralhorses had similar lateral biases. Also similar to feral horses, the Przewalski horses showedno significant forelimb preference at the group level or in the majority of horses at theindividual level, confirming the hypothesis that previously reported limb preferences indomestic breeds are entrained or generated by breed-specific selection. |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5768 |
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Author |
Huxley, J. |
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Title |
Equine interspecies aggression |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
The Veterinary record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
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159 |
Issue |
25 |
Pages |
860 |
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Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Horses; Male; Sheep |
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0042-4900 |
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PMID:17172489 |
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1776 |
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Author |
Burden, F.; Trawford, A. |
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Title |
Equine interspecies aggression Comment on |
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2006 |
Publication |
The Veterinary record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
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159 |
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25 |
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859-860 |
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Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cats; Dogs; Equidae |
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0042-4900 |
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PMID:17172484 |
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1777 |
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Author |
Macholc, E.J.A. |
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Title |
Equine interspecies aggression |
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2006 |
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The Veterinary record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
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159 |
Issue |
24 |
Pages |
824 |
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Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Chickens; Ducks; *Horses; Species Specificity |
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0042-4900 |
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PMID:17158722 |
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Serial |
1778 |
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Author |
Giles, N.; Tupper, J. |
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Title |
Equine interspecies aggression |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
The Veterinary record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
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Volume |
159 |
Issue |
22 |
Pages |
756 |
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Keywords |
Aggression/*physiology; Animals; Horses/*physiology; Sheep/*physiology; Social Dominance |
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0042-4900 |
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PMID:17127768 |
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Serial |
1779 |
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Author |
Robinson, H.C. |
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Title |
Equine interspecies aggression |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
The Veterinary record |
Abbreviated Journal |
Vet. Rec. |
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Volume |
160 |
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
244 |
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Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Equidae; Horses/*physiology/*psychology |
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0042-4900 |
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PMID:17308028 |
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1773 |
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Author |
Dubois, F.; Giraldeau, L.-A.; Hamilton, I.M.; Grant, J.W.A.; Lefebvre, L. |
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Title |
Distraction sneakers decrease the expected level of aggression within groups: a game-theoretic model |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
The American Naturalist |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am Nat |
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Volume |
164 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
E32-45 |
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Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Columbidae/*physiology; Competitive Behavior; Cooperative Behavior; *Game Theory; Hawks/*physiology; Models, Biological |
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Abstract |
Hawk-dove games have been extensively used to predict the conditions under which group-living animals should defend their resources against potential usurpers. Typically, game-theoretic models on aggression consider that resource defense may entail energetic and injury costs. However, intruders may also take advantage of owners who are busy fighting to sneak access to unguarded resources, imposing thereby an additional cost on the use of the escalated hawk strategy. In this article we modify the two-strategy hawk-dove game into a three-strategy hawk-dove-sneaker game that incorporates a distraction-sneaking tactic, allowing us to explore its consequences on the expected level of aggression within groups. Our model predicts a lower proportion of hawks and hence lower frequencies of aggressive interactions within groups than do previous two-strategy hawk-dove games. The extent to which distraction sneakers decrease the frequency of aggression within groups, however, depends on whether they search only for opportunities to join resources uncovered by other group members or for both unchallenged resources and opportunities to usurp. |
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Departement des Sciences Biologiques, Universite du Quebec a Montreal, Case postale 8888 Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec H3C 3P8, Canada. frede_dubois@yahoo.fr |
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ISSN |
1537-5323 |
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Notes |
PMID:15278850 |
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Serial |
2130 |
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Author |
Houpt, K.A.; Smith, R. |
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Title |
Animal behavior case of the month |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1993 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Vet Med Assoc |
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Volume |
203 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
377-378 |
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Keywords |
Aggression; Animals; Animals, Zoo/*psychology; *Behavior, Animal; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses/*psychology; *Weaning |
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Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-6401 |
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0003-1488 |
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PMID:8226214 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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37 |
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Author |
Aronson, L. |
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Title |
Animal behavior case of the month. Aggression directed toward other horses |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Am Vet Med Assoc |
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Volume |
213 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
358-359 |
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Keywords |
*Aggression; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Follow-Up Studies; Horse Diseases/*diagnosis/drug therapy/psychology; Horses/*psychology; Housing, Animal; Hypothyroidism/diagnosis/drug therapy/*veterinary; Male; Physical Examination/veterinary; Thyroxine/blood/therapeutic use |
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Department of Surgery, School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA |
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0003-1488 |
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Notes |
PMID:9702222 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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1935 |
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Author |
Calcagnoli, F.; Boer, S.F.; Althaus, M.; Boer, J.A.; Koolhaas, J.M. |
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Title |
Antiaggressive activity of central oxytocin in male rats |
Type |
Journal Article |
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Year |
2013 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Psychopharmacology |
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Volume |
229 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
639-651 |
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Keywords |
Oxytocin; Offensive aggression; Social exploration; Individual variability |
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Abstract |
Rationale A substantial body of research suggests that the
neuropeptide oxytocin promotes social affiliative behaviors
in a wide range of animals including humans. However, its
antiaggressive action has not been unequivocally demonstrated
in male laboratory rodents.
Objective Our primary goal was to examine the putative
serenic effect of oxytocin in a feral strain (wild type
Groningen, WTG) of rats that generally show a much
broader variation and higher levels of intermale aggression
than commonly used laboratory strains of rats.
Methods Resident animals were intracerebroventricularly
(icv) administered with different doses of synthetic oxytocin
and oxytocin receptor antagonist, alone and in combination,
in order to manipulate brain oxytocin functioning and to
assess their behavioral response to an intruder.
Results Our data clearly demonstrate that acute icv administered
oxytocin produces dose-dependent and receptorselective
changes in social behavior, reducing aggression
and potentiating social exploration. These antiaggressive
effects are stronger in the more offensive rats. On the other
hand, administration of an oxytocin receptor antagonist
tends to increase (nonsignificantly) aggression only in
low–medium aggressive animals.
Conclusions These results suggest that transiently enhancing
brain oxytocin function has potent antiaggressive effects,
whereas its attenuation tends to enhance aggressiveness. In
addition, a possible inverse relationship between trait aggression
and endogenous oxytocinergic signaling is revealed.
Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of brain
oxytocinergic signaling for regulating intermale offensive aggression.
This study supports the suggestion that oxytocin
receptor agonists could clinically be useful for curbing heightened
aggression seen in a range of neuropsychiatric disorders
like antisocial personality disorder, autism, and addiction. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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0033-3158 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5723 |
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