| Records |
| Author |
KOTERBA AM et al, |
| Title |
Brathing strategy of the adult horse at rest |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Appl Physiol |
Volume  |
64 |
Issue |
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Pages |
337-346 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1327 |
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| Author |
Houpt Ka, H.T. |
| Title |
Social and illumination preferences of mares |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Anim Sci |
| Volume |
66 |
Issue |
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Pages |
2159-2164 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1201 |
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| Author |
Berger, J.; Cunningham, C. |
| Title |
Size-Related Effects on Search Times in North American Grassland Female Ungulates |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
69 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
177-183 |
| Keywords |
no keywords available |
| Abstract |
Feeding and searching (= vigilance) rates arise as a result of many interrelated factors including trophic level, diet, reproductive condition, sex, habitat, body mass, and potential predation pressure. Because of unique ecological conditions in which the confounding influences of all but two of these variables could be minimized, we examined the hypothesis that body mass alone accounts for interspecific differences in search times, and tested it with females of four sympatric native North American ungulates (Bison bison, Antilocapra americana, Ovis canadensis, and Odocoileus hemionus). When the effects of group size were controlled, smaller bodied species were more vigilant (per unit body mass) than larger ones. However, search times (ST) also scaled to body mass, and between 81 and 97% of the ST variance was explained by either exponential or power functions. To remove the potential bias that predators exert different influences on species of varying size, search times of bison in areas with and without their major predator, wolves (Canis lupus), were contrasted; search times did not differ between sites. Our results highlight the importance of designing field research that controls for confounding variables prior to attempting to scale behavioral processes to ecological events. See full-text article at JSTOR |
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Ecological Society of America |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0012-9658 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2233 |
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| Author |
Mackintosh, N.J. |
| Title |
Approaches to the study of animal intelligence |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
British Journal of Psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
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| Volume |
79 |
Issue |
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Pages |
509-525 |
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Cited By (since 1996): 17; Export Date: 24 October 2008 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Admin @ knut @ |
Serial |
4607 |
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| Author |
Black, J.M. |
| Title |
Preflight Signalling in Swans: A Mechanism for Group Cohesion and Flock Formation |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Ethology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ethology |
| Volume |
79 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
143-157 |
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| Abstract |
Abstract The preflight behaviour of whooper swans Cygnus cygnus and Bewick's swans Cygnus columbianus bewickii was examined to determine the adaptive significance of the ritual. Analysis of the preflight sequence revealed that the rate of signalling became significantly faster as the time of takeoff approached. This provides the first quantitative evidence that a threshold of excitability is responsible for triggering synchronised flight in social units. Two ultimate and two proximate factors that affect this threshold were uncovered. They are: 1) Maintaining proximity to partners—flight was delayed by birds with non-attentive mates and signalling lasted on average four times longer than those whose mates showed more interest. 2) Maintaining flock cohesiveness—birds which performed signals for longer periods while swimming among uninterested birds were successful in attracting followers 61% of the time. 3) The bird's feeding performance related to dominance status—less successful feeders (potentially hungry birds), flew after little time and few signals. 4) The type of feeding opportunity at the eventual destination—birds which flew to provided feeds (nutritious barley) spent less time performing preflight signals than when they flew to forage on grass fields. |
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Blackwell Publishing Ltd |
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1439-0310 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5315 |
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| Author |
Penzhorn, B. L.; van der Merwe, N. J. |
| Title |
Testis size and onset of spermatogenesis in Cape mountain zebras (Equus zebra zebra) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fert |
| Volume |
83 |
Issue |
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Pages |
371-375 |
| Keywords |
mountain zebra; testis size; spermatogenesis |
| Abstract |
Testis mass of adult Cape mountain zebra stallions (mean 70·0 g) was appreciably less than that of other zebra species and domestic horses. The histological appearance of the testes of 11-, 24- and 29-month-old colts was typically prepubertal. Spermatogenic activity of a 4-year-old stallion obtained at the end of summer was at a very low level, while a 4·5-year-old stallion obtained 6 weeks after the winter solstice showed a marked increase in spermatogenesis compared with the 4-year-old. Stallions 6·5-19 years of age collected in different seasons all showed active spermatogenesis. |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1463 |
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| Author |
Thackeray, J.F. |
| Title |
Zebras from wonderwerk cave, northern Cape province, South Africa: attempts to distinguish Equus burchelli and E. quagga |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
South African journal of science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Suid- Afrikaanse Tydsskrif vir Wetenskap |
| Volume |
84 |
Issue |
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Pages |
99-101 |
| Keywords |
Cape Province; Teeth; Statistical analysis; Equidae; Hippomorpha; South Africa; Southern Africa; Perissodactyla; Mammalia; Vertebrata |
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| ISSN |
0038-2353 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1644 |
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| Author |
Westlin-van Aarde, L.M.; van Aarde, R. J.; Skinner, J. D. |
| Title |
Reproduction in female Hartmann's zebra |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fert |
| Volume |
84 |
Issue |
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Pages |
505-511 |
| Keywords |
zebra; reproduction; ovaries; seasonality; progesterone |
| Abstract |
Ovaries, fetuses and plasma were collected from zebra mares shot in the Etosha National Park in Namibia between 15 and 25 August 1983. Ovarian weight was affected by reproductive status and most of the non-pregnant mares were anoestrous. The number of follicles varied between individuals and only pro-oestrous/oestrous mares had follicles larger than 20 mm in diameter. The largest follicle in pregnant mares was only 9 mm in diameter. Corpora lutea and corpora albicantia were found in non-pregnant as well as pregnant mares: 4 pregnant mares had only corpora albicantia. The presence of secondary corpora lutea could not be confirmed in any of the pregnant mares. Implantation was estimated to occur at around 73 days of gestation, and most mares (84%) had conceived between November and April. Peripheral concentrations of plasma progesterone during pregnancy varied from 0·5 to 2·4 ng/ml. |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
1705 |
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| Author |
Rogers, A.R. |
| Title |
Does Biology Constrain Culture? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
American Anthropologist |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am Anthropol |
| Volume |
90 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
819-831 |
| Keywords |
models, learning, evolution, culture, fitness, adaptive, environment, human, natural selection, behavior |
| Abstract |
Most social scientists would agree that the capacity for human culture was probably fashioned by natural selection, but they disagree about the implications of this supposition. Some believe that natural selection imposes important constraints on the ways in which culture can vary, while others believe that any such constraints must be negligible. This article employs a “thought experiment” to demonstrate that neither of these positions can be justified by appeal to general properties of culture or of evolution. Natural selection can produce mechanisms of cultural transmission that are neither adaptive nor consistent with the predictions of acultural evolutionary models (those ignoring cultural evolution). On the other hand, natural selection can also produce mechanisms of cultural transmission that are highly consistent with acultural models. Thus, neither side of the sociobiology debate is justified in dismissing the arguments of the other. Natural selection may impose significant constraints on some human behaviors, but negligible constraints on others. Models of simultaneous genetic/cultural evolution will be useful in identifying domains in which acultural evolutionary models are, and are not, likely to be useful. |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ citeulike:907484 |
Serial |
4199 |
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| Author |
Schilder, M.B.H. |
| Title |
Dominance relationships between adult Plains zebra stallions in semi – captivity |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Behaviour |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behaviour |
| Volume |
104 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
300-319 |
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| Abstract |
The relationships between 4-5 adult zebra stallions, living in a safari park, were investigated over a period of 5 years. Asymmetries in the distributions of a number of behaviours could be explained by adopting dominance as an intervening variable. Dominance in stallions was of a bipolar nature with on the one hand behaviours representing subordinance and defence, and on the other hand behaviours reinforcing and confirming dominance. Expression of formal dominance seems to play a minor role. The dyadic relationships of stallions differed as to the number of behaviours reflecting dominance relationships. Although often linear rank-orders could be constructed, these rank-orders were not necessarily identical. This means that the concept of dominance is of only limited value for describing relationships between zebra stallions. |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
yes |
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Serial |
1564 |
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