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| Author | Shettleworth, S.J.; Krebs, J.R. | ||||
| Title | How marsh tits find their hoards: the roles of site preference and spatial memory | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
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8 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 354-375 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Appetitive Behavior; Birds; Cues; Discrimination Learning; *Memory; *Mental Recall; *Orientation; *Space Perception | ||||
| Abstract | Marsh tits (Parus palustris) store single food items in scattered locations and recover them hours or days later. Some properties of the spatial memory involved were analyzed in two laboratory experiments. In the first, marsh tits were offered 97 sites for storing 12 seeds. They recovered a median of 65% of them 2-3 hr later, making only two errors per seed while doing so. Over trials, they used some sites more often than others, but during recovery they were more likely to visit a site of any preference value if they had stored a seed there that day than if they had not. Recovery performance was much worse if the experimenters moved the seeds between storage and recovery. A fixed search strategy that had some of the same average properties as the tits' search behavior also did worse than the real birds. In Experiment 2, any tendency to visit the same sites on successive daily tests in the aviary was placed in opposition to memory for storage sites by allowing the tits to store more seeds 2 hr after storing a first batch. They tended to avoid individual storage sites holding seeds from the first batch. When the tits searched for all the seeds 2 hr later, they tended to recover more seeds from the second batch than from the first, i.e., there was a recency effect. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0097-7403 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7175447 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 385 | ||
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| Author | Arnold Gw, G.A. | ||||
| Title | Ethogram of agonistic behaviour for thoroughbred horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Applied Animal Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Animal. Ethol. |
| Volume |
8 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 5-25 |
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| Abstract | Social interactions between individual horses were observed in two herds each comprising a stallion and a number of mares. In one herd, the animals were observed whilst grazing and resting; in the other, nearest neighbours were recorded when the animals were grazing, and social interactions were noted when the animals were feeding on hay. In both herds, the horses showed marked preferences for the company of specific individuals when they were grazing. In one herd, the associations were mainly between individuals that had been associated prior to being put in the herd. In the other herd, this was not the case. A new statistic was produced for testing for specific company preference. In both herds, the stallion was dominant over all mares and never received any aggression. The complete social hierarchy could not be determined for the herd which was observed only when grazing because social contact was restricted to that within groups or pairs that associated together. In the herd to which hay was fed, a non-linear hierarchy existed. Statistics were produced to quantify both the general level of dominance of a horse and its specific dominance or subordination to every other horse. It is suggested that these statistics, and one for quantifying the general aggressiveness of a horse, could be widely used. A principal component analysis allowed the horses to be characterised socially according to aggressiveness, their attitude to other horses and their attractiveness to other horses. |
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 899 | |||
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| Author | Beaver Bv, | ||||
| Title | Aggressive bhavior associated with naturally elevated serum Testosterone in mares | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | Appl Anim Ethol | |
| Volume |
8 | Issue | Pages | 425-428 | |
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 925 | |||
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| Author | Salter, R. E.; Hudson, R. J. | ||||
| Title | Social organization of feral horses in western Canada | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | App. Anim. Ethol. | |
| Volume |
8 | Issue | Pages | 207-223 | |
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1553 | |||
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| Author | Sato, S. | ||||
| Title | Leadership during actual grazing in a small herd of cattle | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Applied Animal Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Animal. Ethol. |
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8 | Issue | 1-2 | Pages | 53-65 |
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| Abstract | An understanding of patterns of leadership during grazing movements is important where the management of grazing cattle is concerned. This paper describes the leadership displayed by grazing cattle by recording the spatial relationship (grazing style) among herd members as the group progressed slowly through a field. Grazing style was divided into “A”, “B” and “C”, meaning following, independence and leading, respectively. The results revealed the following features: (1) the frequency distributions of grazing style and grazing formation used by the herd varied with the seasons; (2) the individual animal variation in grazing style did not fundamentally change with the seasons; (3) there was negative linear correlation between Styles A and C and between Styles A and B. The more any cow followed the grazing movement, the less likely it was to lead the grazing movement or to be independent. Styles C and B tended to be positively related; (4) high, medium and low ranking animals in social dominance showed tendencies to behave in Styles C, A and B, respectively; (5) grazing style and weight gain were not clearly related; (6) the cows that tended to lead, be independent or follow less, tended to get out of their paddocks. The observations suggested (1) that the leader-follower-independent relationship, although modified in each season, did not vary fundamentally, (2) that the active movement of high ranking animals and the independent movement of low ranking animals governed the voluntary formation in grazing, and (3) that as grazing cattle that behaved in a single group and did not escape from their paddock were much easier to manage, the grazing style that expressed these characteristics was one of the significant indices for management of grazing cattle. | ||||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Serial | 2038 | |||
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| Author | Hinson, R.E. | ||||
| Title | Effects of UCS preexposure on excitatory and inhibitory rabbit eyelid conditioning: an associative effect of conditioned contextual stimuli | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes | Abbreviated Journal | J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
| Volume |
8 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 49-61 |
| Keywords | Animals; Association Learning; Cognition; *Conditioning, Eyelid; *Inhibition (Psychology); Practice (Psychology); Rabbits; Reaction Time | ||||
| Abstract | Preconditioning experience with the unconditional stimulus (UCS) retards subsequent excitatory conditioning. Three experiments demonstrated that this UCS retardation effect is attenuated by associative manipulations of contextual stimuli of the UCS preexposure environment. The UCS retardation effect was reduced by (a) altering contextual stimuli between preexposure and conditioning (Experiment 1), (b) latently inhibiting contextual stimuli prior to UCS preexposure (Experiment 2), and (c) extinguishing contextual stimuli subsequent to UCS preexposure (Experiment 3). Although UCS preexposure retarded excitatory conditioning, the results of Experiment 4 demonstrated that UCS preexposure facilitated inhibitory conditioning. These results indicate that an association between contextual stimuli and the preexposed UCS contributes to the effects of preconditioning UCS experience on subsequent learning. | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0097-7403 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:7057144 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2787 | ||
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| Author | Duncan, P. | ||||
| Title | Foal killing by stallions | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Applied Animal Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Animal. Ethol. |
| Volume |
8 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 567-570 |
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| Abstract | Feral horses live in social systems similar to those of some species in which infant killing has been reported (e.g. lions), but such behaviour has been reported neither in horses nor in any other ungulate. The results of interviews with owners of free-ranging horses (Camargue breed) are given which show that, though rare, infant killing occurs in this breed, and that it seems to be confined to male foals. It is argued that the observed behaviour cannot simply be considered as pathological, and that close attention should be paid to the possibility that it occurs in wild and feral equids. | ||||
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| ISSN | 0304-3762 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5260 | ||
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| Author | Frank, H.; Frank, M.G. | ||||
| Title | On the effects of domestication on canine social development and behavior | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Appl Anim Ethol | Abbreviated Journal | |
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8 | Issue | Pages | ||
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ Frank1982 | Serial | 6259 | ||
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| Author | Rubenstein D. I., | ||||
| Title | Reproductive value and behavioral strategies: coming of age in monkeys and horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Perspectives in Ethology | Abbreviated Journal | Perspect Ethol |
| Volume |
5 | Issue | Pages | 469-487 | |
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| Notes | from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1525 | |||
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| Author | Tobin, T.; Combie, J.D. | ||||
| Title | Performance testing in horses: a review of the role of simple behavioral models in the design of performance experiments | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics | Abbreviated Journal | J Vet Pharmacol Ther |
| Volume |
5 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 105-118 |
| Keywords | Analgesics, Opioid/pharmacology; Animals; Apomorphine/pharmacology; Behavior, Animal/*drug effects; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Fentanyl/pharmacology; Horses/*physiology; Methylphenidate/pharmacology; *Models, Biological; Motor Activity/drug effects | ||||
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| ISSN | 0140-7783 | ISBN | Medium | ||
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| Notes | PMID:6125601 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 1957 | ||
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