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| Author | Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Wiesner, L.; Kenney, R.M.; Ganjam, V.K.; Turner, J.W. | ||||
| Title | Seasonal variation in plasma androgens and testosterone in the North American wild horse | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1977 | Publication | The Journal of endocrinology | Abbreviated Journal | J Endocrinol |
Volume  |
72 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 237-238 |
| Keywords | Androgens/*blood; Animals; Horses/*blood; Male; *Seasons; Testosterone/*blood | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0022-0795 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:845536 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 148 | ||
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| Author | Harkins, J.D.; Kamerling, S.G.; Church, G. | ||||
| Title | Effect of competition on performance of thoroughbred racehorses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1992 | Publication | Journal of Applied Physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Physiol |
| Volume |
72 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 836-841 |
| Keywords | Age Factors; Animals; Anxiety/physiopathology; Competitive Behavior/*physiology; Exertion/*physiology; Fatigue/physiopathology; Female; Heart Rate; Horses/*physiology; Lactates/blood; Lactic Acid; Male; Sex Characteristics | ||||
| Abstract | The effect of competition and the influence of age and sex on performance were examined in a study of 18 Thoroughbred racehorses. The horses performed two solo and two competitive runs at 1,200 and 1,600 m for a total of eight runs. No group ran faster during competition, which may have been a reflection of the quality of horses used for this study and their susceptibility to stress-induced impairment of performance. Males showed no significant difference between competitive and solo run times, whereas females were consistently slower during competition. Males ran significantly faster than females in all runs. There was no difference in run times due to age, which may have been due to the high mean age (5.9 yr) of the group. The slower competitive run times may have occurred because of an earlier onset of fatigue when compared with solo runs. Plasma lactate was significantly greater for the 1,200-m competitive than for the solo runs. | ||||
| Address | Department of Veterinary Physiology, Pharmacology, and Toxicology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803 | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 8750-7587 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:1568979 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 1947 | ||
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| Author | Muscatello, G.; Anderson, G.A.; Gilkerson, J.R.; Browning, G.F. | ||||
| Title | Associations between the ecology of virulent Rhodococcus equi and the epidemiology of R. equi pneumonia on Australian thoroughbred farms | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Applied and Environmental Microbiology | Abbreviated Journal | Appl Environ Microbiol |
| Volume |
72 | Issue | 9 | Pages | 6152-6160 |
| Keywords | Actinomycetales Infections/epidemiology/microbiology/*veterinary; Air Microbiology; Animal Husbandry; Animals; Animals, Newborn; Australia/epidemiology; Colony Count, Microbial; DNA, Bacterial/genetics; Ecosystem; Horse Diseases/epidemiology/*microbiology; Horses; Pneumonia, Bacterial/epidemiology/microbiology/*veterinary; Rhodococcus equi/genetics/isolation & purification/*pathogenicity; Soil Microbiology; Virulence | ||||
| Abstract | The ecology of virulent strains of Rhodococcus equi on horse farms is likely to influence the prevalence and severity of R. equi pneumonia in foals. This study examined the association between the ecology of virulent R. equi and the epidemiology of R. equi pneumonia by collecting air and soil samples over two breeding seasons (28 farm-year combinations) on Thoroughbred breeding farms with different reported prevalences of R. equi pneumonia. Colony blotting and DNA hybridization were used to detect and measure concentrations of virulent R. equi. The prevalence of R. equi pneumonia was associated with the airborne burden of virulent R. equi (both the concentration and the proportion of R. equi bacteria that were virulent) but was not associated with the burden of virulent R. equi in the soil. Univariable screening and multivariable model building were used to evaluate the effect of environmental and management factors on virulent R. equi burdens. Lower soil moisture concentrations and lower pasture heights were significantly associated with elevated airborne concentrations of virulent R. equi, as were the holding pens and lanes, which typically were sandy, dry, and devoid of pasture cover. Few variables appeared to influence concentrations of virulent R. equi in soil. Acidic soil conditions may have contributed to an elevated proportion of virulent strains within the R. equi population. Environmental management strategies that aim to reduce the level of exposure of susceptible foals to airborne virulent R. equi are most likely to reduce the impact of R. equi pneumonia on endemically affected farms. | ||||
| Address | School of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia. mug@unimelb.edu.au | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0099-2240 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:16957241 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2622 | ||
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| Author | Houpt, K.A.; Northrup, N.; Wheatley, T.; Houpt, T.R. | ||||
| Title | Thirst and salt appetite in horses treated with furosemide | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1991 | Publication | Journal of applied physiology (Bethesda, Md. : 1985) | Abbreviated Journal | J Appl Physiol |
| Volume |
71 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 2380-2386 |
| Keywords | Animals; Appetite/*drug effects; Blood Volume; Diuresis; Drinking/drug effects; Female; Furosemide/*pharmacology; Horses; Natriuresis; Sodium, Dietary/*administration & dosage; Thirst/*drug effects | ||||
| Abstract | When a preliminary experiment in sodium-replete ponies revealed an increase, but not a significant increase, in salt consumption after furosemide treatment, the experiment was repeated using sodium-deficient horses in which aldosterone levels might be expected to be elevated to test the hypothesis that a background of aldosterone is necessary for salt appetite. Ten Standardbred mares were injected intravenously with furosemide or an equivalent volume of 0.9% sodium chloride as a control to test the effect of furosemide on their salt appetite and blood constituents. Sodium intake and sodium loss in urine, as well as water intake and urine output, were measured and compared to determine accuracy of compensation for natriuresis and diuresis. Plasma protein and packed cell volume showed significant increases in response to furosemide treatment (F = 29.31, P less than 0.001 and F = 11.20, P less than 0.001, respectively). There were no significant changes in plasma sodium concentration or osmolality in response to the treatment (P greater than 0.05). The furosemide-treated horses consumed 126 +/- 14.8 g salt, significantly more than when they were given the control injection (94.5 +/- 9.8 g; t = 2.22, P = 0.05). In response to furosemide, horses lost 962 +/- 79.7 and consumed 2,170 +/- 5 meq sodium; however, compared with control, they lost 955 meq more sodium and ingested only 570 meq more sodium, so they were undercompensating for natriuresis. The furosemide-treated horses drank 9.6 +/- 0.8 kg of water, significantly more than when they received the control injection (6.4 +/- 0.8 kg; t = 6.9, P less than 0.001).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | ||||
| Address | Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853-6401 | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 8750-7587 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:1778936 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 38 | ||
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| Author | Krzak, W.E.; Gonyou, H.W.; Lawrence, L.M. | ||||
| Title | Wood chewing by stabled horses: diurnal pattern and effects of exercise | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1991 | Publication | Journal of Animal Science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Anim Sci. |
| Volume |
69 | Issue | 3 | Pages | 1053-1058 |
| Keywords | Animal Feed; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Circadian Rhythm; Female; Horses/*physiology; Male; *Mastication; *Physical Conditioning, Animal; Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage; Videotape Recording; Wood | ||||
| Abstract | Nine yearling horses, stabled in individual stalls, were used in a trial to determine the diurnal pattern of wood chewing and the effects of exercise on this behavior. The trial was a Latin square design conducted over three 2-wk periods during which each horse was exposed to each of the three following treatments: 1) no exercise (NE), 2) exercise after the morning feeding (AM), and 3) exercise in the afternoon (PM). Horses were fed a complete pelleted feed in the morning and both pelleted feed and long-stemmed hay in the afternoon. Exercise consisted of 45 min on a mechanical walker followed by 45 min in a paddock with bare soil. Each stall was equipped with two untreated spruce boards during each period for wood chewing. Wood chewing was evaluated by videotaping each horse for 22 h during each period, determining the weight and volume of the boards before and after each period, and by visual appraisal of the boards. Intake of trace mineralized salt was also measured. Wood chewing occurred primarily between 2200 and 1200. All measures of wood chewing were correlated when totals for the entire 6 wk were analyzed. When analysis was performed on 2-wk values, videotape results were not correlated with volume or weight loss of boards. Horses chewed more when on the NE treatment (511 s/d) than when on AM or PM (57 and 136 s/d, respectively; P less than .05). Salt intake tended to be greater for NE than for the other treatments (P less than .10).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS) | ||||
| Address | Dept. of Anim. Sci., University of Illinois, Urbana 61801 | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0021-8812 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:2061237 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 1949 | ||
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| Author | Benz, B.; Münzing, C.; Krueger, K.; Winter, D. | ||||
| Title | Ethologische Untersuchung von Heuraufen in der Pferdehaltung [Ethological investigation of hayracks in equine husbandry] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Landtechnik | Abbreviated Journal | Landtechnik |
| Volume |
69 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 239-244 |
| Keywords | Pferdehaltung, Fressverhalten, Futterraufen [horse keeping, feeding behaviour, roughage racks] | ||||
| Abstract | Eine tiergerechte, physiologisch und anatomisch auf die Bedürfnisse der Pferde ausgerichtete Raufutterversorgung sollte die Kaubedürfnisse und die Beschäftigungszeiten von Pferden ausreichend berücksichtigen. Daher – und auch aufgrund des bestehenden Kostendrucks bei Raufutter – steigt das Interesse an Raufutterraufen, durch die möglicherweise die Futteraufnahmezeiten verlängert sowie Futterverluste minimiert werden können. Die vorliegende Untersuchung vergleicht das Fressverhalten und die Körperhaltung von acht Pferden beim Einsatz von drei unterschiedlichen Futterraufen mit der Bodenfütterung in Einzelboxenhaltung. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie lassen den Schluss zu, dass der Einsatz von Raufutterraufen die Futteraufnahmezeiten verlängert und somit längere Beschäftigungszeiten für die Futteraufnahme gewährleistet werden. Außerdem konnte festgestellt werden, dass die Pferde das Raufutter bei einer der drei untersuchten Raufen überwiegend mit natürlicher Kopf- Hals-Haltung aufnahmen. [Regarding the species horse, an appropriate supply of roughage should take into account the need to chew as well as the need for occupation. In this context, and due to the current cost pressure for hay, the interest in roughage racks increases. It is assumed that roughage racks could help to extend the feeding time and reduce food losses. The present study places the emphasis on the observation of the feeding behaviour of eight horses in single horse boxes. Three different roughage racks are compared to traditional feeding on the floor. On the basis of the results it may be concluded that the use of roughage racks extends the feeding time and thus ensures longer occupation. In one of the three roughage racks investigated the horses mainly eat in a natural posture of their head and neck.] |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5840 | ||
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| Author | Houpt, K.A.; Zahorik, D.M.; Swartzman-Andert, J.A. | ||||
| Title | Taste aversion learning in horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1990 | Publication | Journal of animal science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Anim Sci. |
| Volume |
68 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 2340-2344 |
| Keywords | Animal Feed; Animals; *Avoidance Learning; Feeding Behavior/*psychology; *Food Preferences; Horses/physiology/*psychology; *Taste | ||||
| Abstract | The ability of ponies to learn to avoid a relatively novel food associated with illness was tested in three situations: when illness occurred immediately after consuming a feed; when illness occurred 30 min after consuming a feed; and when illness was contingent upon eating one of three feeds offered simultaneously. Apomorphine was used to produce illness. The feeds associated with illness were corn, alfalfa pellets, sweet feed and a complete pelleted feed. The ponies learned to avoid all the fees except the complete feed when apomorphine injection immediately followed consumption of the feed. However, the ponies did not learn to avoid a feed if apomorphine was delayed 30 min after feed consumption. They could learn to avoid alfalfa pellets, but not corn, when these feeds were presented with the familiar “safe foods,” oats and soybean meal. Ponies apparently are able to learn a taste aversion, but there were constraints on this learning ability. Under the conditions of this study, they did not learn to avoid a food that made them sick long after consumption of the food, and they had more difficulty learning to avoid highly palatable feeds. | ||||
| Address | Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0021-8812 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:2401656 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 41 | ||
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| Author | Weeks, J.W.; Crowell-Davis, S.L.; Caudle, A.B.; Heusner, G.L. | ||||
| Title | Aggression and social spacing in light horse (Equus caballus) mares and foals | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2000 | Publication | Applied Animal Behaviour Science | Abbreviated Journal | Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
| Volume |
68 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 319-337 |
| Keywords | Dominance relationships; Horse; Sex differences; Social ontogeny; aggregation; parent-offspring interaction; social behavior | ||||
| Abstract | Aggression and social spacing were studied in 14 light horse mares and their foals living at pasture. Focal samples were collected on each mare-foal dyad for 6 to 10.5 h from 2 months of foal age until weaning at approximately 4 months of age. Observations on foals continued until approximately 6 months of age for 7.5 to 10.5 h per foal. Every 2 min the identities of all individuals within 5 m were recorded. All occurrences of agonistic behavior, and the participants, were recorded during the focal samples. In addition, during feeding of supplemental grain, all occurrences of agonistic behavior by all subjects were recorded. Significant correlations were found between mare rank and the rank of foals both prior to and after weaning. Before weaning, the rank of the foal was significantly correlated with birth order. No significant correlation between birth order and foal rank was found for the post-weaning hierarchy. An animal's gender had no significant effect on foal rank or the choice of preferred associate. Both prior to and after weaning, foals associated preferentially with the foal of their dam's most preferred associate. In addition, significant positive correlations were found between rank of mares and foals and the rate at which they directed aggression to other herd members. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. | ||||
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| Notes | Cited By (since 1996): 7; Export Date: 21 April 2007; Source: Scopus | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 788 | ||
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| Author | Wallin, L.; Strandberg, E.; Philipsson, J. | ||||
| Title | Phenotypic relationship between test results of Swedish Warmblood horses as 4-year-olds and longevity | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Livestock Production Science | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
68 | Issue | 2-3 | Pages | 97-105 |
| Keywords | Horse; Longevity; Survival analysis; Test traits | ||||
| Abstract | The relationship between longevity and different traits scored in the Swedish Riding Horse Quality Test (RHQT) was studied to evaluate their use as predictors of survival. Data comprised 1815 Warmblood horses born between 1969 and 1982 that had participated in the RHQT as 4-year-olds. Survival information was obtained via a questionnaire sent to owners of horses that had participated in the RHQT between 1973 and 1986. All phenotypic values of traits scored at 4 years of age were adjusted for the effect of place/year (event). Survival analysis was performed taking into account censoring. Traits having significant effects on longevity were: conformation, legs (included in conformation), orthopaedic status, jumping ability, and the horses' combined classification score for dressage and jumping talents, respectively. Orthopaedic health had the greatest influence on longevity, and demonstrated the importance of judging health traits in young sports horses. The results of this study confirmed that there is a significant phenotypic relationship between many of the RHQT traits and longevity, and thus the possibility of using them as predictors of survival. | ||||
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| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 3958 | ||
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| Author | Benz, B.; Köhnke, J.; Kappelmann, K. | ||||
| Title | Bewertung einer Faltschieberanlage in einem Reitstall mit Paddockboxen[Assessment of a v-form scraper in a horse barn with paddock boxes] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2014 | Publication | Landtechnik, Agricultural Engineering, | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume |
68 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 242-247 |
| Keywords | Entmistungstechnik, Arbeitswirtschaft, Pferdeverhalten [Manure removal systems, working time requirement, horse behaviour] | ||||
| Abstract | In der vorliegenden Untersuchung werden in einem Praxisbetrieb die Verfahrenskosten eines Faltschiebers erhoben. Aufgrund des reduzierten Arbeitszeitaufwandes ergibt sich durch den Einsatz des Faltschiebers eine jährliche Kostenersparnis in Höhe von 78 € je Pferd. Durch die Mechanisierung der Entmistung kann fast 30 % der Arbeitszeit in der Pensionspferdehaltung eingespart werden. Beim Einsatz einer Entmistungstechnik spielt jedoch nicht nur die Ökonomie, sondern darüber hinaus auch das Pferdeverhalten eine Rolle. Im selben Praxisbetrieb wird nach Installation der Faltschieberanlage das Pferdeverhalten beim Erstkontakt mit dem Schieber beobachtet. Dabei zeigt sich, dass die Pferde den direkten Kontakt mit der Entmistungstechnik und somit kritische Situationen vermeiden. [In the survey at hand, the procedural costs for a v-form scraper are gathered. In the process, it is found that due to the reduced working time requirement the use of a v-form scraper saves € 78/horse/year. The mechanization of manure removal can reduce working time in horse keeping by almost 30 percent. However, using manure removal systems, the profitability is not the only crucial criteria. The behaviour of the horses plays an essential role, too. Moreover the horses’ behaviour when first encountering the manure scraper is observed. The study reveals that the horses avoid contact with the scraper and thereby also shirk critical situations.] |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5841 | ||
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