Records |
Author |
Janik, V.M. |
Title |
Whistle matching in wild bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
289 |
Issue |
5483 |
Pages |
1355-1357 |
Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild/physiology; Dolphins/*physiology; *Imitative Behavior; *Learning; *Social Behavior; *Vocalization, Animal |
Abstract |
Dolphin communication is suspected to be complex, on the basis of their call repertoires, cognitive abilities, and ability to modify signals through vocal learning. Because of the difficulties involved in observing and recording individual cetaceans, very little is known about how they use their calls. This report shows that wild, unrestrained bottlenose dolphins use their learned whistles in matching interactions, in which an individual responds to a whistle of a conspecific by emitting the same whistle type. Vocal matching occurred over distances of up to 580 meters and is indicative of animals addressing each other individually. |
Address |
School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, Bute Building, Fife KY16 9TS, UK |
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English |
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0036-8075 |
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Notes |
PMID:10958783 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
550 |
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Author |
Pennisi, E. |
Title |
Are out primate cousins 'conscious'? |
Type |
|
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
284 |
Issue |
5423 |
Pages |
2073-2076 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cebus; *Consciousness; Empathy; Humans; Instinct; Intelligence; Learning; *Mental Processes; Pan troglodytes; *Primates |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:10409060 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2843 |
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Author |
Brannon, E.M.; Terrace, H.S. |
Title |
Ordering of the numerosities 1 to 9 by monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1998 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
282 |
Issue |
5389 |
Pages |
746-749 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Discrimination (Psychology); Macaca mulatta/*psychology; *Mathematics; *Mental Processes |
Abstract |
A fundamental question in cognitive science is whether animals can represent numerosity (a property of a stimulus that is defined by the number of discriminable elements it contains) and use numerical representations computationally. Here, it was shown that rhesus monkeys represent the numerosity of visual stimuli and detect their ordinal disparity. Two monkeys were first trained to respond to exemplars of the numerosities 1 to 4 in an ascending numerical order (1 --> 2 --> 3 --> 4). As a control for non-numerical cues, exemplars were varied with respect to size, shape, and color. The monkeys were later tested, without reward, on their ability to order stimulus pairs composed of the novel numerosities 5 to 9. Both monkeys responded in an ascending order to the novel numerosities. These results show that rhesus monkeys represent the numerosities 1 to 9 on an ordinal scale. |
Address |
Department of Psychology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. liz@psych.columbia.edu |
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0036-8075 |
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Notes |
PMID:9784133 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
606 |
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Author |
Pennisi, E. |
Title |
Schizophrenia clues from monkeys |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
277 |
Issue |
5328 |
Pages |
900 |
Keywords |
Animals; Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology; Behavior, Animal/drug effects; *Cercopithecus aethiops; Clozapine/pharmacology; Cognition/drug effects; *Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine/*metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology; Memory/drug effects; Phencyclidine/*pharmacology; Prefrontal Cortex/*metabolism; Schizophrenia/chemically induced/drug therapy/*metabolism; Schizophrenic Psychology |
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0036-8075 |
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Notes |
PMID:9281070 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2844 |
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Author |
Williams, N. |
Title |
Evolutionary psychologists look for roots of cognition |
Type |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
275 |
Issue |
5296 |
Pages |
29-30 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Birds; *Cognition; *Evolution; Female; Humans; Macaca mulatta/psychology; Male; Memory; Reward; *Social Sciences |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:8999531 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2845 |
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Author |
Packer, C; Heinsohn, R. |
Title |
Response:Lioness leadership |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
271 |
Issue |
5253 |
Pages |
1215-1216 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior; Animal; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Lions/*psychology; Territoriality |
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0036-8075 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Jahn1996 |
Serial |
2072 |
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Author |
Gary C. Jahn; Craig Packer,Robert Heinsohn |
Title |
Lioness leadership |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
271 |
Issue |
5253 |
Pages |
1216-1219 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior; Animal; Cooperative Behavior; Female; Lions/*psychology; Territoriality |
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0036-8075 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Jahn1996 |
Serial |
2073 |
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Author |
Real, L.A. |
Title |
Animal choice behavior and the evolution of cognitive architecture |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1991 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
253 |
Issue |
5023 |
Pages |
980-986 |
Keywords |
Animals; Bees/genetics/*physiology; Biomechanics; *Choice Behavior; *Cognition; *Evolution; Mathematics; Models, Genetic; Probability |
Abstract |
Animals process sensory information according to specific computational rules and, subsequently, form representations of their environments that form the basis for decisions and choices. The specific computational rules used by organisms will often be evolutionarily adaptive by generating higher probabilities of survival, reproduction, and resource acquisition. Experiments with enclosed colonies of bumblebees constrained to foraging on artificial flowers suggest that the bumblebee's cognitive architecture is designed to efficiently exploit floral resources from spatially structured environments given limits on memory and the neuronal processing of information. A non-linear relationship between the biomechanics of nectar extraction and rates of net energetic gain by individual bees may account for sensitivities to both the arithmetic mean and variance in reward distributions in flowers. Heuristic rules that lead to efficient resource exploitation may also lead to subjective misperception of likelihoods. Subjective probability formation may then be viewed as a problem in pattern recognition subject to specific sampling schemes and memory constraints. |
Address |
Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-3280 |
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0036-8075 |
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Notes |
PMID:1887231 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2846 |
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Author |
Galdikas, B.M. |
Title |
Orangutan tool use |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
243 |
Issue |
4888 |
Pages |
152 |
Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Hominidae; Humans; *Pongo pygmaeus |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:2911726 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2847 |
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Author |
Cheney, D.; Seyfarth, R.; Smuts, B. |
Title |
Social relationships and social cognition in nonhuman primates |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1986 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
234 |
Issue |
4782 |
Pages |
1361-1366 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Cognition; Female; Male; Pair Bond; Primates/*physiology; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Social Perception |
Abstract |
Complex social relationships among nonhuman primates appear to contribute to individual reproductive success. Experiments with and behavioral observations of natural populations suggest that sophisticated cognitive mechanisms may underlie primate social relationships. Similar capacities are usually less apparent in the nonsocial realm, supporting the view that at least some aspects of primate intelligence evolved to solve the challenges of interacting with conspecifics. |
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0036-8075 |
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Notes |
PMID:3538419 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
349 |
Permanent link to this record |