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| Author | Grafner, G.; Zimmermann, H.; Karge, E.; Munch, J.; Ribbeck, R.; Hiepe, T. | ||||
| Title | [Incidence and damages inflicted by simuliid flies in the GDR district of Schwerin] | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1976 | Publication | Angewandte Parasitologie | Abbreviated Journal | Angew Parasitol |
Volume  |
17 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 2-6 |
| Keywords | Animals; Cattle; Cattle Diseases/*parasitology; Climate; *Diptera/growth & development; Ecology; Ectoparasitic Infestations/*veterinary; Germany, East; Horse Diseases/*parasitology; Horses; Swine; Swine Diseases/*parasitology | ||||
| Abstract | Systematic faunal studies in the district Schwerin showed at the present time there are 3 more or less damage-biotopes existing in the districts of Perleberg, Ludwigslust and Parchim; 5 river sources can be considered as potential sources, 5 are temporary and 2 are ephemeral whilst in 3 further areas environmental influences such as effluent impairs the flow of the river and the developmental stages of Simuliidae were not observed.--The following species were found: Boophthora erythrocephala, Wilhelmia salopiensis, Wilhelmia equina, Odagmia ornata, Eusimulium aureum and Eusimulium lundstroemi.--The damage statistics covering the period 1966--1971 showed in the district of Schwerin, due to Simuliid attacks, 38 cattle died, 170 were seriously ill; in 1967 5 horses were seriously ill; in 1971, 3 pigs died and 27 were seriously ill.--The symptoms were manifested by pathological petechiae, scabs and oedema, also by insufficiency of the heart and circulatory system, diminished performance and growth disturbance. In severe cases heart and circulation failure occurred, paresis, coma and death followed.--The real economic significance of the Simuliid attacks rest with its strong and prolonged distrubance in young animals, as well as in pronounced irreparable diminished performance in diseased dairy cattle. | ||||
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| Language | German | Summary Language | Original Title | Vorkommen und Schadwirkung von Kriebelmucken im DDR-Bezirk Schwerin | |
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0003-3162 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:1267220 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2699 | ||
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| Author | Strickman, D. | ||||
| Title | Notes on Tabanidae (Diptera) from Paraguay | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1982 | Publication | Journal of Medical Entomology | Abbreviated Journal | J Med Entomol |
| Volume |
19 | Issue | 4 | Pages | 399-402 |
| Keywords | Animals; Cattle; Diptera/*growth & development; Dogs; Ecology; Female; Geography; Horses; Humans; Insect Bites and Stings/epidemiology/veterinary; Male; Paraguay | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0022-2585 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:7154018 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2690 | ||
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| Author | Gibbs, P.G.; Cohen, N.D. | ||||
| Title | Early management of race-bred weanlings and yearlings on farms | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | Journal of Equine Veterinary Science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Equine Vet. Sci. |
| Volume |
21 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 279-283 |
| Keywords | Equine, management, growth, nutrition, marketing | ||||
| Abstract | A total of 58 Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse farms that managed 1,987 weanlings and yearlings responded to a survey designed to better characterize early management of racing prospects. Average age at weaning was 5.5 months and over half of all farms kept almost three-fourths of all weanlings to be placed in pre-race training. Variation in feeding practices was evident and while well over half of all farms provided balanced nutrient supply to young horses, 20% to 40% likely fed unbalanced diets. An obvious preference existed for semi-confinement in young horses with plenty of free exercise. The majority of farms reported that young prospects were fed and managed for a moderate rate of growth. Forced exercise occurred to a much larger extent with yearlings than weanlings and 40% of farms described the footing as soft, but not deep. Response to the prevalence of developmental orthopedic diseases appeared somewhat guarded, and average injury rate was low on farms that attributed much of injury to horses playing too hard. Technological advancements such as photoperiod manipulation in broodmares were widely used, while valuable tools such as body condition scoring were utilized to a lesser extent. |
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| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5758 | ||
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| Author | Dauphin, G.; Zientara, S.; Zeller, H.; Murgue, B. | ||||
| Title | West Nile: worldwide current situation in animals and humans | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | Abbreviated Journal | Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis |
| Volume |
27 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 343-355 |
| Keywords | Americas/epidemiology; Animals; Birds/virology; Culex/*virology; *Disease Outbreaks; Disease Reservoirs; Europe/epidemiology; Horses/virology; Humans; Insect Vectors/*virology; Middle East/epidemiology; West Nile Fever/*epidemiology/*veterinary/virology; West Nile virus/*growth & development | ||||
| Abstract | West Nile (WN) virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that is native to Africa, Europe, and Western Asia. It mainly circulates among birds, but can infect many species of mammals, as well as amphibians and reptiles. Epidemics can occur in rural as well as urban areas. Transmission of WN virus, sometimes involving significant mortality in humans and horses, has been documented at erratic intervals in many countries, but never in the New World until it appeared in New York City in 1999. During the next four summers it spread with incredible speed to large portions of 46 US states, and to Canada, Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean. In many respects, WN virus is an outstanding example of a zoonotic pathogen that has leaped geographical barriers and can cause severe disease in human and equine. In Europe, in the past two decades there have been a number of significant outbreaks in several countries. However, very little is known of the ecology and natural history of WN virus transmission in Europe and most WN outbreaks in humans and animals remain unpredictable and difficult to control. | ||||
| Address | AFSSA Alfort, UMR1161 (INRA-AFSSA-ENVA), 22 rue Pierre Curie, BP 63, 94703 Maisons-Alfort Cedex, France | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0147-9571 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15225984 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2635 | ||
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| Author | Branchi, I.; Bichler, Z.; Berger-Sweeney, J.; Ricceri, L. | ||||
| Title | Animal models of mental retardation: from gene to cognitive function | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews | Abbreviated Journal | Neurosci Biobehav Rev |
| Volume |
27 | Issue | 1-2 | Pages | 141-153 |
| Keywords | Animals; Animals, Genetically Modified/growth & development; Behavior/physiology; Behavior, Animal; Brain/*growth & development; Cognition/*physiology; *Disease Models, Animal; Environment; Genes; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/physiopathology; Humans; Mental Retardation/classification/*genetics/*physiopathology | ||||
| Abstract | About 2-3% of all children are affected by mental retardation, and genetic conditions rank among the leading causes of mental retardation. Alterations in the information encoded by genes that regulate critical steps of brain development can disrupt the normal course of development, and have profound consequences on mental processes. Genetically modified mouse models have helped to elucidate the contribution of specific gene alterations and gene-environment interactions to the phenotype of several forms of mental retardation. Mouse models of several neurodevelopmental pathologies, such as Down and Rett syndromes and X-linked forms of mental retardation, have been developed. Because behavior is the ultimate output of brain, behavioral phenotyping of these models provides functional information that may not be detectable using molecular, cellular or histological evaluations. In particular, the study of ontogeny of behavior is recommended in mouse models of disorders having a developmental onset. Identifying the role of specific genes in neuropathologies provides a framework in which to understand key stages of human brain development, and provides a target for potential therapeutic intervention. | ||||
| Address | Section of Behavioural Pathophysiology, Laboratorio di Fisiopatologia di Organo e di Sistema, Istituto Superiore di Sanita, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Roma, Italy. branchi@iss.it | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0149-7634 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:12732230 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2805 | ||
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| Author | Mouritsen, K.N. | ||||
| Title | Hitch-hiking parasite: a dark horse may be the real rider | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2001 | Publication | International Journal for Parasitology | Abbreviated Journal | Int J Parasitol |
| Volume |
31 | Issue | 13 | Pages | 1417-1420 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Ecology; Host-Parasite Relations; Snails/*parasitology; Trematoda/growth & development/*physiology; Trematode Infections/transmission | ||||
| Abstract | Many parasites engaged in complex life cycles manipulate their hosts in a way that facilitates transmission between hosts. Recently, a new category of parasites (hitch-hikers) has been identified that seem to exploit the manipulating effort of other parasites with similar life cycle by preferentially infecting hosts already manipulated. Thomas et al. (Evolution 51 (1997) 1316) showed that the digenean trematodes Microphallus papillorobustus (the manipulator) and Maritrema subdolum (the hitch-hiker) were positively associated in field samples of gammarid amphipods (the intermediate host), and that the behaviour of Maritrema subdolum rendered it more likely to infect manipulated amphipods than those uninfected by M. papillorobustus. Here I provide experimental evidence demonstrating that M. subdolum is unlikely to be a hitch-hiker in the mentioned system, whereas the lucky candidate rather is the closely related but little known species, Microphallidae sp. no. 15 (Parassitologia 22 (1980) 1). As opposed to the latter species, Maritrema subdolum does not express the appropriate cercarial behaviour for hitch-hiking. | ||||
| Address | Department of Marine Ecology, Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Aarhus, Finlandsgade 14, DK-8200 Aarhus N, Denmark. kim.mouritsen@stonebow.otago.ac.nz | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0020-7519 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:11595227 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2645 | ||
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| Author | Hutchinson, G.W.; Abba, S.A.; Mfitilodze, M.W. | ||||
| Title | Seasonal translation of equine strongyle infective larvae to herbage in tropical Australia | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1989 | Publication | Veterinary Parasitology | Abbreviated Journal | Vet Parasitol |
| Volume |
33 | Issue | 3-4 | Pages | 251-263 |
| Keywords | Animals; Feces/*parasitology; Horses; Queensland; Seasons; Strongyle Infections, Equine/*parasitology; Strongyloidea/growth & development/*physiology; Strongylus/growth & development/*physiology; Tropical Climate | ||||
| Abstract | Longevity in faeces, migration to and survival on herbage of mixed strongyle infective larvae (approximately 70% cyathostomes: 30% large strongyles) from experimentally deposited horse faeces was studied in the dry tropical region of North Queensland for up to 2 years. Larvae were recovered from faeces deposited during hot dry weather for a maximum of 12 weeks, up to 32 weeks in cool conditions, but less than 8 weeks in hot wet summer. Translation to herbage was mainly limited to the hot wet season (December-March), except when unseasonal winter rainfall of 40-50 mm per month in July and August allowed some additional migration. Survival on pasture was estimated at 2-4 weeks in the summer wet season and 8-12 weeks in the autumn-winter dry season (April-August). Hot dry spring weather (pre-wet season) was the most unfavourable for larval development, migration and survival. Peak counts of up to 60,000 larvae kg-1 dry herbage were recorded. The seasonal nature of pasture contamination allowed the development of rational anthelmintic control programs based on larval ecology. | ||||
| Address | Graduate School of Tropical Veterinary Science, James Cook University of North Queensland, Townsville, Australia | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0304-4017 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:2815535 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2672 | ||
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| Author | De Stoppelaire, G.H.; Gillespie, T.W.; Brock, J.C.; Tobin, G.A. | ||||
| Title | Use of remote sensing techniques to determine the effects of grazing on vegetation cover and dune elevation at Assateague Island National Seashore: impact of horses | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Environmental Management | Abbreviated Journal | Environ Manage |
| Volume |
34 | Issue | 5 | Pages | 642-649 |
| Keywords | Animals; Animals, Wild; Conservation of Natural Resources; Ecosystem; Environmental Monitoring; *Feeding Behavior; *Horses; Maryland; Plants/*growth & development; Population Dynamics; Silicon Dioxide; *Soil | ||||
| Abstract | The effects of grazing by feral horses on vegetation and dune topography at Assateague Island National Seashore were investigated using color-infrared imagery, lidar surveys, and field measurements. Five pairs of fenced and unfenced plots (300 m2) established in 1993 on sand flats and small dunes with similar elevation, topography, and vegetation cover were used for this study. Color-infrared imagery from 1998 and field measurements from 2001 indicated that there was a significant difference in vegetation cover between the fenced and unfenced plot-pairs over the study period. Fenced plots contained a higher percentage of vegetation cover that was dominated by American beachgrass (Ammophila breviligulata). Lidar surveys from 1997, 1999, and 2000 showed that there were significant differences in elevation and topography between fenced and unfenced plot-pairs. Fenced plots were, on average, 0.63 m higher than unfenced plots, whereas unfenced plots had generally decreased in elevation after establishment in 1993. Results demonstrate that feral horse grazing has had a significant impact on dune formation and has contributed to the erosion of dunes at Assateague Island. The findings suggest that unless the size of the feral horse population is reduced, grazing will continue to foster unnaturally high rates of dune erosion into the future. In order to maintain the natural processes that historically occurred on barrier islands, much larger fenced exclosures would be required to prevent horse grazing. | ||||
| Address | US Geological Survey, Center for Coastal and Watershed Studies, St. Petersburg, Florida 33701, USA. georgia.destoppelaire@my.FWC.com | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| ISSN | 0364-152X | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15633024 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1896 | |||
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| Author | La Riviere, J.W. | ||||
| Title | Ecology of yeasts in the kefir grain | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1969 | Publication | Antonie van Leeuwenhoek | Abbreviated Journal | Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek |
| Volume |
35 | Issue | Pages | Suppl:D15-6 | |
| Keywords | Animals; *Dairy Products; *Food Microbiology; Horses; Lactobacillus/*growth & development/isolation & purification; Mitosporic Fungi/*growth & development/isolation & purification; Saccharomyces/*growth & development/isolation & purification; Symbiosis | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0003-6072 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:5311957 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 2741 | ||
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| Author | Staniar, W.B.; Kronfeld, D.S.; Hoffman, R.M.; Wilson, J.A.; Harris, P.A. | ||||
| Title | Weight prediction from linear measures of growing Thoroughbreds | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Equine veterinary journal | Abbreviated Journal | Equine Vet J |
| Volume |
36 | Issue | 2 | Pages | 149-154 |
| Keywords | Animal Nutrition Physiology; Animals; Biometry; Body Weight/*physiology; Female; Horses/*anatomy & histology/*growth & development; Male; Mathematics; Predictive Value of Tests; Reproducibility of Results; Sensitivity and Specificity | ||||
| Abstract | REASON FOR PERFORMING STUDY: Monitoring weight of foals is a useful management practice to aid in maximising athletic potential while minimising risks associated with deviations from normal growth. OBJECTIVE: To develop predictive equations for weight, based on linear measurements of growing Thoroughbreds (TBs). METHODS: Morphometric equations predicting weight from measurements of the trunk and legs were developed from data of 153 foals. The accuracy, precision and bias of the best fitting equation were compared to published equations using a naive data set of 22 foals. RESULTS: Accuracy and precision were maximised with a broken line relating calculated volumes (V(t + l)) to measured weights. Use of the broken line is a 2 step process. V(t + l) is calculated from linear measures (m) of girth (G), carpus circumference (C), and length of body (B) and left forelimb (F). V(t + I) = ([G2 x B] + 4[C2 x F]) 4pi. If V(t + l) < 0.27 m3, weight is estimated: Weight (kg) = V(t + l) x 1093. If V(t + l) > or = 0.27 m3: Weight (kg) = V(t + l) x 984 + 24. The broken line was more accurate and precise than 3 published equations predicting the weight of young TBs. CONCLUSIONS: Estimation of weight using morphometric equations requires attention to temporal changes in body shape and density; hence, a broken line is needed. Including calculated leg volume in the broken line model is another contributing factor to improvement in predictive capability. POTENTIAL RELEVANCE: The broken line maximises its value to equine professionals through its accuracy, precision and convenience. | ||||
| Address | Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0306, USA | ||||
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| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0425-1644 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15038438 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1806 | |||
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