| Records |
| Author |
Möstl, E.; Palme, R. |
| Title |
Hormones as indicators of stress |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Domestic Animal Endocrinology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Domest. Anim. Endocrinol. |
Volume  |
23 |
Issue |
1–2 |
Pages |
67-74 |
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| Abstract |
Animal welfare is of increasing importance and absence of chronic stress is one of its prerequisites. During stress, various endocrine responses are involved to improve the fitness of the individual. The front-line hormones to overcome stressful situations are the glucocorticoids and catecholamines. These hormones are determined as a parameter of adrenal activity and thus of disturbance. The concentration of glucocorticoids (or their metabolites) can be measured in various body fluids or excreta. Above all, fecal samples offer the advantage that they can be easily collected and this procedure is feedback free. Recently, enzyme immunoassays (EIA) have been developed and successfully tested, to enable the measurement of groups of cortisol metabolites in animal feces. The determination of these metabolites in fecal samples is a practical method to monitor glucocorticoid production. |
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0739-7240 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5930 |
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| Author |
Silk, J.B. |
| Title |
Kin Selection in Primate Groups |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
International Journal of Primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Int. J. Primatol. |
| Volume |
23 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
849-875 |
| Keywords |
Biomedical and Life Sciences |
| Abstract |
Altruism poses a problem for evolutionary biologists because natural selection is not expected to favor behaviors that are beneficial to recipients, but costly to actors. The theory of kin selection, first articulated by Hamilton (1964), provides a solution to the problem. Hamilton's well-known rule (br > c) provides a simple algorithm for the evolution of altruism via kin selection. Because kin recognition is a crucial requirement of kin selection, it is important to know whether and how primates can recognize their relatives. While conventional wisdom has been that primates can recognize maternal kin, but not paternal kin, this view is being challenged by new findings. The ability to recognize kin implies that kin selection may shape altruistic behavior in primate groups. I focus on two cases in which kin selection is tightly woven into the fabric of social life. For female baboons, macaques, and vervets maternal kinship is an important axis of social networks, coalitionary activity, and dominance relationships. Detailed studies of the patterning of altruistic interactions within these species illustrate the extent and limits of nepotism in their social lives. Carefully integrated analyses of behavior, demography, and genetics among red howlers provide an independent example of how kin selection shapes social organization and behavior. In red howlers, kin bonds shape the life histories and reproductive performance of both males and female. The two cases demonstrate that kin selection can be a powerful source of altruistic activity within primate groups. However, to fully assess the role of kin selection in primate groups, we need more information about the effects of kinship on the patterning of behavior across the Primates and accurate information about paternal kin relationships. |
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Springer Netherlands |
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0164-0291 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5247 |
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| Author |
Dyson, S. |
| Title |
Lameness and poor performance in the sport horse: Dressage, show jumping and horse trials |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
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| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
145-150 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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3957 |
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| Author |
Bello, T.R. |
| Title |
Practical treatment of body and open leg wounds of horses with bovine collagen, biosynthetic wound dressing and cyanoacrylate |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
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22 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
157-164 |
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Horses with severe and deep lacerations are represented by ten cases in which treatment emphasized the use of bovine collagen preparations to promote controlled second-degree repair. Traumatized areas were tarsal, metatarsal, neck, forearm, metacarpal and pastern. Wound size changes were recorded. Depending on the wound type, the site was treated with antibiotic-steroid ointment, organic acid cream, sterile collagen particles, suspension or dressings protected by hydrogel dressing, non-adherent pads, occlusive skin dressings, roll gauze and elastic tape. In three cases, a fiberglas cast was applied over a hind leg wound and lacerated tendon for stability. When controlled granulation of the deeper wounds reached skin level, the area often was stabilized by only cyanoacrylate spray. As these cases presented a wide range of trauma each with a unique history, healing rates were based on initial measurements. An overall progression of wound reduction occurred at a predictable rate. The exogenous collagen formulations were used to stimulate controlled granulation, ie. to “jump start” the healing process. Collagen particles, suspension or dressings were packed into depressions, placed under suture lines, secured over abraded tissue, and placed under protective bandage or cast. To further evaluate the use of cyanoacrylate tissue spray in wound treatments, an additional ten cases are presented. The variety of wounds were produced experimentally in Center-owned ponies or provided as clinical cases. Wound size changes and healing progress were recorded. Wounds occurred on the neck, abdomen, metacarpal, metatarsal, fetlock and pastern areas. Depending on wound type, the site was treated with cyanoacrylate only; or treated as above until controlled granulation attained skin level. In one case punch grafts of skin were transferred from one foreleg to the opposite with the horse standing. Cyanoacrylate spray provided a water proof barrier protecting the wound from dirt, debris and insects as well as stabilizing full-thickness skin lacerations by bridging normal to traumatized skin allowing uninterrupted granulation and epithelialization. The use of a neck cradle prevented wound disturbance and stall confinement aided stabilization. |
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3972 |
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| Author |
Pirasteh, A. |
| Title |
Dr. Strasser's methods not to just save money |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Journal of Equine Veterinary Science |
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| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
102-103 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4663 |
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| Author |
Dugatkin, L.A. |
| Title |
Cooperation in animals: An evolutionary overview |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Biology and Philosophy |
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17 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
459-476 |
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Evolutionary biologists have grappled with the question of the emergenceand maintenance of cooperation since Darwin first listed animal cooperation asapotential problem for his theory of natural selection. Here I review four pathsthat have been delineated in the study of intra-specific cooperation amonganimals. These paths – kinship, reciprocity, byproduct mutualism andgroupselection – serve as a starting point for behavioral ecologistsinterestedstudying the initiation and maintenance of cooperation. After reviewing theempirical and theoretical underpinnings of these paths to cooperation, I touchupon some recent work that has attempted to examine (or reexamine) the role ofphylogeny, punishment and morality in the light of cooperative behavior. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2179 |
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Chamove, A.S.; Crawley-Hartrick, O.J.E.; Stafford, K.J. |
| Title |
Horse reactions to human attitudes and behavior |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
Publication |
Anthrozoos |
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15 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
323-331 |
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Cited By (since 1996): 4; Export Date: 21 October 2008 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4514 |
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| Author |
Bingman V.P.; Able K.P. |
| Title |
Maps in birds: representational mechanisms and neural bases |
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Journal Article |
| Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Current Opinion in Neurobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. |
| Volume |
12 |
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Pages |
745-750 |
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3503 |
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Pepperberg, I.M. |
| Title |
Cognitive and Communicative Abilities of Grey Parrots |
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Journal Article |
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2002 |
Publication |
Current Directions in Psychological Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Curr. Dir. Psychol. Sci. |
| Volume |
11 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
83-87 |
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Grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) solve various cognitive tasks and acquire and use English speech in ways that often resemble those of very young children. Given that the psittacine brain is organized very differently from that of mammals, these results have intriguing implications for the study and evolution of vocal learning, communication, and cognition. |
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580 |
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Walpole, M.J.; Leader-Williams, N. |
| Title |
Tourism and flagship species in conservation |
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2002 |
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Biodivers Conserv |
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11 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ Walpole2002 |
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6446 |
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