| Records |
| Author |
Pusey, A. E.; Packer, C. |
| Title |
The Ecology of relationships |
Type |
Book Chapter |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Behavioural Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. |
Volume  |
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Issue |
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Pages |
254 -283 |
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| Publisher |
Blackwell Scientific Publication |
Place of Publication |
Oxford |
Editor |
Krebs, J.R.; Davis, N.B.; |
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no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
820 |
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| Author |
Ruffner Ga, C.S. |
| Title |
Age structure, condition, and reproduction of two burro (Equus asinus) populations from Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona |
Type |
Conference Volume |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
Symposium on the Ecology and Behavior of wild and feral Equids, Laramie |
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Issue |
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Pages |
235 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
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Serial |
1534 |
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| Author |
Heyes, C.; Galef, B.G. (eds) |
| Title |
Social learning in animals: the roots of culture |
Type |
Book Whole |
| Year |
1996 |
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Academic Press, Inc. |
Place of Publication |
San Diego, CA |
Editor |
Heyes, C. ; Galef, B.G. |
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ISBN |
978-0122739651 |
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no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ home |
Serial |
2174 |
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| Author |
Belonje, P.C.; van Niekerk, C.H. |
| Title |
A review of the influence of nutrition upon the oestrous cycle and early pregnancy in the mare |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1975 |
Publication |
Journal of Reproduction and Fertility. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Reprod Fertil Suppl |
| Volume |
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Issue |
23 |
Pages |
167-169 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Body Weight; *Diet; *Estrus; Female; Fertility; Fetal Resorption/prevention & control; Horses/*physiology; Pregnancy |
| Abstract |
Attention is drawn to the beneficial effect of improved nutrition during winter and early spring on the ovarian activity of mares. Furthermore, the necessity of an adequate plane of nutrition during early pregnancy to prevent embryonic resorption is stressed. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0449-3087 |
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| Notes |
PMID:1060772 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2225 |
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| Author |
Cunningham, C.; Berger, J. |
| Title |
Wild horses of the Granite Range |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1986 |
Publication |
Natural History |
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Issue |
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Pages |
32-39 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2279 |
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| Author |
Feh, C.; Enchbold, S.; Munchtuya, B. |
| Title |
Preliminary assessment of the Gurvan Saikhan National Conservation Park's potential for Gobi khulan (Equus hemionus luteus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1996 |
Publication |
GTZ |
Abbreviated Journal |
GTZ |
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Place of Publication |
Ulaan Baatar |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2288 |
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| Author |
Saucier, D.M.; Shultz, S.R.; Keller, A.J.; Cook, C.M.; Binsted, G. |
| Title |
Sex differences in object location memory and spatial navigation in Long-Evans rats |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume |
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| Abstract |
In both humans and rodents, males typically excel on a number of tasks requiring spatial ability. However, human females exhibit advantages in memory for the spatial location of objects. This study investigated whether rats would exhibit similar sex differences on a task of object location memory (OLM) and on the watermaze (WM). We predicted that females should outperform males on the OLM task and that males should outperform females on the WM. To control for possible effects of housing environment, rats were housed in either complex environments or in standard shoebox housing. Eighty Long-Evans rats (40 males and 40 females) were housed in either complex (Complex rats) or standard shoebox housing (Control rats). Results indicated that males had superior performance on the WM, whereas females outperformed males on the OLM task, regardless of housing environment. As these sex differences cannot be easily attributed to differences in cognitive style related to linguistic processing of environmental features or to selection pressures related to the hunting gathering evolutionary prehistory of humans, these data suggest that sex differences in spatial ability may be related to traits selected for by polygynous mating strategies. |
| Address |
Canadian Centre for Behavioural Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Dr., Lethbridge, AB, Canada, T1K 3M4, Deborah.Saucier@ULeth.ca |
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English |
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| ISSN |
1435-9448 |
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| Notes |
PMID:17562087 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2391 |
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| Author |
Suda-King, C. |
| Title |
Do orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) know when they do not remember? |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume |
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Pages |
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| Abstract |
Metacognition refers to the ability to monitor and control one's own cognitive activities such as memory. Although recent studies have raised an interesting possibility that some species of nonhuman animals might possess such skills, subjects often required a numerous number of training trials to acquire the effective use of metacognitive responses. Here, five orangutans (Pongo pygmaeus) were tested whether they were able to escape spatial memory tests when they did not remember the location of preferred reward in a relatively small number of trials. The apes were presented with two identical cups, under one of which the experimenter hid a preferred reward (e.g., two grapes). The subjects were then presented with a third container, “escape response”, with which they could receive a less preferred but secure reward (e.g., one grape). The orangutans as a group significantly more likely selected the escape response when the baiting of the preferred reward was invisible (as compared to when it was visible) and when the hiding locations of the preferred reward were switched (as compared to when they remained unchanged). Even when the escape response was presented before the final presentation of the memory test, one orangutan successfully avoided the test in which she would likely err. These findings indicate that some orangutans appear to tell when they do not remember correct answers in memory tests. |
| Address |
Think Tank at the Smithsonian National Zoological Park, Animal Programs Office, Connecticut Ave. NW, Washington, DC, 20008-2598, USA, chimpkako@hotmail.com |
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1435-9448 |
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| Notes |
PMID:17437141 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2403 |
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| Author |
Hvorecny, L.M.; Grudowski, J.L.; Blakeslee, C.J.; Simmons, T.L.; Roy, P.R.; Brooks, J.A.; Hanner, R.M.; Beigel, M.E.; Karson, M.A.; Nichols, R.H.; Holm, J.B.; Boal, J.G. |
| Title |
Octopuses (Octopus bimaculoides) and cuttlefishes (Sepia pharaonis, S. officinalis) can conditionally discriminate |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume |
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| Abstract |
In complex navigation using landmarks, an animal must discriminate between potential cues and show context (condition) sensitivity. Such conditional discrimination is considered a form of complex learning and has been associated primarily with vertebrates. We tested the hypothesis that octopuses and cuttlefish are capable of conditional discrimination. Subjects were trained in two maze configurations (the conditions) in which they were required to select one of two particular escape routes within each maze (the discrimination). Conditional discrimination could be demonstrated by selecting the correct escape route in each maze. Six of ten mud-flat octopuses (Octopus bimaculoides), 6 of 13 pharaoh cuttlefish (Sepia pharaonis), and one of four common cuttlefish (S. officinalis) demonstrated conditional discrimination by successfully solving both mazes. These experiments demonstrate that cephalopods are capable of conditional discrimination and extend the limits of invertebrate complex learning. |
| Address |
Department of Biology, Millersville University, 50 East Frederick Street, Millersville, PA, 17551-0302, USA, jean.boal@millersville.edu |
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English |
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1435-9448 |
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| Notes |
PMID:17437139 |
Approved |
no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2405 |
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| Author |
Cunningham, E.; Janson, C. |
| Title |
A socioecological perspective on primate cognition, past and present |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Animal Cognition |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Cogn. |
| Volume |
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Issue |
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Pages |
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| Abstract |
The papers in this special issue examine the relationship between social and ecological cognition in primates. We refer to the intersection of these two domains as socioecological cognition. Examples of socioecological cognition include socially learned predator alarm calls and socially sensitive foraging decisions. In this review we consider how primate cognition may have been shaped by the interaction of social and ecological influences in their evolutionary history. The ability to remember distant, out-of-sight locations is an ancient one, shared by many mammals and widespread among primates. It seems some monkeys and apes have evolved the ability to form more complex representations of resources, integrating “what-where-how much” information. This ability allowed anthropoids to live in larger, more cohesive groups by minimizing competition for limited resources between group members. As group size increased, however, competition for resources also increased, selecting for enhanced social skills. Enhanced social skills in turn made a more sophisticated relationship to the environment possible. The interaction of social and ecological influences created a spiraling effect in the evolution of primate intelligence. In contrast, lemurs may not have evolved the ability to form complex representations which would allow them to consider the size and location of resources. This lack in lemur ecological cognition may restrict the size of frugivorous lemur social groups, thereby limiting the complexity of lemur social life. In this special issue, we have brought together two review papers, five field studies, and one laboratory study to investigate the interaction of social and ecological factors in relation to foraging. Our goal is to stimulate research that considers social and ecological factors acting together on cognitive evolution, rather than in isolation. Cross fertilization of experimental and observational studies from captivity and the field is important for increasing our understanding of this relationship. |
| Address |
Department of Basic Sciences and Craniofacial Biology, New York University College of Dentistry, 345 East 24th Street, New York, NY, 10010-4086, USA, ec46@nyu.edu |
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1435-9448 |
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| Notes |
PMID:17387529 |
Approved |
no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2410 |
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