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Author Calcagnoli, F.; Boer, S.F.; Althaus, M.; Boer, J.A.; Koolhaas, J.M.
Title Antiaggressive activity of central oxytocin in male rats Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication Abbreviated Journal Psychopharmacology
Volume (down) 229 Issue 4 Pages 639-651
Keywords Oxytocin; Offensive aggression; Social exploration; Individual variability
Abstract Rationale A substantial body of research suggests that the

neuropeptide oxytocin promotes social affiliative behaviors

in a wide range of animals including humans. However, its

antiaggressive action has not been unequivocally demonstrated

in male laboratory rodents.

Objective Our primary goal was to examine the putative

serenic effect of oxytocin in a feral strain (wild type

Groningen, WTG) of rats that generally show a much

broader variation and higher levels of intermale aggression

than commonly used laboratory strains of rats.

Methods Resident animals were intracerebroventricularly

(icv) administered with different doses of synthetic oxytocin

and oxytocin receptor antagonist, alone and in combination,

in order to manipulate brain oxytocin functioning and to

assess their behavioral response to an intruder.

Results Our data clearly demonstrate that acute icv administered

oxytocin produces dose-dependent and receptorselective

changes in social behavior, reducing aggression

and potentiating social exploration. These antiaggressive

effects are stronger in the more offensive rats. On the other

hand, administration of an oxytocin receptor antagonist

tends to increase (nonsignificantly) aggression only in

low–medium aggressive animals.

Conclusions These results suggest that transiently enhancing

brain oxytocin function has potent antiaggressive effects,

whereas its attenuation tends to enhance aggressiveness. In

addition, a possible inverse relationship between trait aggression

and endogenous oxytocinergic signaling is revealed.

Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of brain

oxytocinergic signaling for regulating intermale offensive aggression.

This study supports the suggestion that oxytocin

receptor agonists could clinically be useful for curbing heightened

aggression seen in a range of neuropsychiatric disorders

like antisocial personality disorder, autism, and addiction.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Springer Berlin Heidelberg Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0033-3158 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5723
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Author Weber-Mzell, D.; Kotanko, P.; Hauer, A.C.; Goriup, U.; Haas, J.; Lanner, N.; Erwa, W.; Ahmaida, I.A.; Haitchi-Petnehazy, S.; Stenzel, M.; Lanzer, G.; Deutsch, J.
Title Gender, age and seasonal effects on IgA deficiency: a study of 7293 Caucasians Type Journal Article
Year 2004 Publication European Journal of Clinical Investigation Abbreviated Journal
Volume (down) 34 Issue 3 Pages 224-228
Keywords Age- and gender-related variability; immunoglobulin A; seasonal variability; serum IgA deficiency
Abstract Background The frequency of serum IgA deficiency (SIgAD) differs between populations. We examined the prevalence of SIgAD in healthy Caucasians. Materials and methods Serum immunoglobulin A (SIgA) was measured in 7293 volunteers (2264 women, 5029 men) aged 30 ± 14·2 years (mean ± SD; range: 12–66). Serum immunoglobulin A and subnormal SIgA levels were defined by a SIgA level < 0·07 g L-1, and between 0·07 and 0·7 g L-1, respectively. Means were compared by analysis of variance (anova) and analysis of covariance (ancova); frequencies by the χ2 test. Results Fifteen subjects (0·21%; one woman, 14 men) had SIgAD. Subnormal SIgA levels were found in 155 persons (2·13%): 21 females (0·93% of the females) and 134 males (2·66% of the males; difference: 1·74%; 95% CI: 1·12–2·33%; P < 0·001). Males were more likely to have subnormal SIgA levels or SIgAD (odds ratio 3·09, 95% CI: 1·97–4·85). The prevalence of SIgAD and subnormal SIgA was lowest in winter (χ2 = 14·8; P = 0·002; 3 d.f.; and χ2 = 43·2; P < 0·001; 3 d.f., respectively). Serum immunoglobulin A concentrations were significantly higher during winter. Serum immunoglobulin A levels increased with age on average by 0·2 ± 0·06 g L-1 per decade of life (P < 0·001). Taking into account the influence of age, SIgA concentration was lower in females as compared with males. Conclusion The prevalence of SIgAD and subnormal SIgA levels is increased in males. There exists a significant influence of gender, age and seasons on SIgA levels.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Blackwell Science Ltd Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1365-2362 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6127
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Author Koolhaas, J.M.; Korte, S.M.; De Boer, S.F.; Van Der Vegt, B.J.; Van Reenen, C.G.; Hopster, H.; De Jong, I.C.; Ruis, M.A.W.; Blokhuis, H.J.
Title Coping styles in animals: current status in behavior and stress-physiology Type Journal Article
Year 1999 Publication Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews Abbreviated Journal
Volume (down) 23 Issue 7 Pages 925-935
Keywords Coping; Aggression; Stress; Disease; Corticosterone
Abstract This paper summarizes the current views on coping styles as a useful concept in understanding individual adaptive capacity and vulnerability to stress-related disease. Studies in feral populations indicate the existence of a proactive and a reactive coping style. These coping styles seem to play a role in the population ecology of the species. Despite domestication, genetic selection and inbreeding, the same coping styles can, to some extent, also be observed in laboratory and farm animals. Coping styles are characterized by consistent behavioral and neuroendocrine characteristics, some of which seem to be causally linked to each other. Evidence is accumulating that the two coping styles might explain a differential vulnerability to stress mediated disease due to the differential adaptive value of the two coping styles and the accompanying neuroendocrine differentiation.
Address
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4416
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