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	Author	Adachi, I.; Kuwahata, H.; Fujita, K.
	Title	Dogs recall their owner's face upon hearing the owner's voice			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	10	Issue	1	Pages	17-21
	Keywords	Cross-modal representation – Natural concepts – Dogs
	Abstract	Abstract  We tested whether dogs have a cross-modal representation of human individuals. We presented domestic dogs with a photo of either the owner's or a stranger's face on the LCD monitor after playing back a voice of one of those persons. A voice and a face matched in half of the trials (Congruent condition) and mismatched in the other half (Incongruent condition). If our subjects activate visual images of the voice, their expectation would be contradicted in Incongruent condition. It would result in the subjects` longer looking times in Incongruent condition than in Congruent condition. Our subject dogs looked longer at the visual stimulus in Incongruent condition than in Congruent condition. This suggests that dogs actively generate their internal representation of the owner's face when they hear the owner calling them. This is the first demonstration that nonhuman animals do not merely associate auditory and visual stimuli but also actively generate a visual image from auditory information. Furthermore, our subject also looked at the visual stimulus longer in Incongruent condition in which the owner's face followed an unfamiliar person's voice than in Congruent condition in which the owner's face followed the owner's voice. Generating a particular visual image in response to an unfamiliar voice should be difficult, and any expected images from the voice ought to be more obscure or less well defined than that of the owners. However, our subjects looked longer at the owner's face in Incongruent condition than in Congruent condition. This may indicate that dogs may have predicted that it should not be the owner when they heard the unfamiliar person's voice.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ knut @			Serial	4222
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	Author	Leaver, L.; Hopewell, L.; Caldwell, C.; Mallarky, L.
	Title	Audience effects on food caching in grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis): evidence for pilferage avoidance strategies			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	10	Issue	1	Pages	23-27
	Keywords	Caching – Deception – Pilferage – Grey squirrels – Sciurus carolinensis
	Abstract	Abstract  If food pilferage has been a reliable selection pressure on food caching animals, those animals should have evolved the ability to protect their caches from pilferers. Evidence that animals protect their caches would support the argument that pilferage has been an important adaptive challenge. We observed naturally caching Eastern grey squirrels (Sciurus carolinensis) in order to determine whether they used any evasive tactics in order to deter conspecific and heterospecific pilferage. We found that grey squirrels used evasive tactics when they had a conspecific audience, but not when they had a heterospecific (corvid) audience. When other squirrels were present, grey squirrels spaced their caches farther apart and preferentially cached when oriented with their backs to other squirrels, but no such effect was found when birds were present. Our data provide the first evidence that caching mammals are sensitive to the risk of pilferage posed by an audience of conspecifics, and that they utilise evasive tactics that should help to minimise cache loss. We discuss our results in relation to recent theory of reciprocal pilferage and compare them to behaviours shown by caching birds.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Admin @ knut @			Serial	4223
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	Author	Kokko, H.; Lopez-Sepulcre, A.
	Title	The ecogenetic link between demography and evolution: can we bridge the gap between theory and data?			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Ecology Letters	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	10	Issue	9	Pages	773-782
	Keywords
	Abstract	Abstract Calls to understand the links between ecology and evolution have been common for decades. Population dynamics, i.e. the demographic changes in populations, arise from life history decisions of individuals and thus are a product of selection, and selection, on the contrary, can be modified by such dynamical properties of the population as density and stability. It follows that generating predictions and testing them correctly requires considering this ecogenetic feedback loop whenever traits have demographic consequences, mediated via density dependence (or frequency dependence). This is not an easy challenge, and arguably theory has advanced at a greater pace than empirical research. However, theory would benefit from more interaction between related fields, as is evident in the many near-synonymous names that the ecogenetic loop has attracted. We also list encouraging examples where empiricists have shown feasible ways of addressing the question, ranging from advanced data analysis to experiments and comparative analyses of phylogenetic data.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4226
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	Author	Henderson, A.J.Z.
	Title	Don't fence me in: managing psychological well being for elite performance horses			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Journal of Applied Animal Welfare Science : JAAWS	Abbreviated Journal	J. Appl. Anim. Welf. Sci.
	Volume	10	Issue	4	Pages	309-329
	Keywords	Animal Husbandry; Animal Welfare; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Horses/psychology; Physical Conditioning, Animal; *Stereotyped Behavior
	Abstract	This article posits that stereotypical behavior patterns and the overall psychological well being of today's performance horse could be substantially enhanced with care that acknowledges the relationship between domesticated horses and their forerunners. Feral horses typically roam in stable, social groups over large grazing territories, spending 16-20 hr per day foraging on mid- to poor-quality roughage. In contrast, today's elite show horses live in relatively small stalls, eat a limited-but rich-diet at specific feedings, and typically live in social isolation. Although the horse has been domesticated for more than 6000 years, there has been no selection for an equid who no longer requires an outlet for these natural behaviors. Using equine stereotypies as a welfare indicator, this researcher proposes that the psychological well being of today's performance horse is compromised. Furthermore, the article illustrates how minimal management changes can enhance horses' well being while still remaining compatible with the requirements of the sport-horse industry. The article discusses conclusions in terms of Fraser, Weary, Pajor, and Milligan's “integrative welfare model” (1997).
	Address	Department of Psychology, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada. zamoyska@shaw.ca
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1088-8705	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:17970632			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4363
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	Author	Bermú dez, J.&#233
	Title	Thinking Without Words: An Overview for Animal Ethics			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	The Journal of Ethics	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue		Pages	319-335
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	3399
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	Author	Allen, C.; Bekoff, M.
	Title	Animal Minds, Cognitive Ethology, and Ethics			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	The Journal of Ethics	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	11	Issue		Pages	299-317
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	3400
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	Author	Austin, N.P.; Rogers, L.J.
	Title	Asymmetry of flight and escape turning responses in horses			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Laterality	Abbreviated Journal	Laterality
	Volume	12	Issue	5	Pages	464-474
	Keywords
	Abstract	We investigated whether horses display greater reactivity to a novel stimulus presented in the left compared to the right monocular visual field, and whether a population bias exists for escape turning when the same stimulus was presented binocularly. Domestic horses (N=30) were tested on three occasions by a person opening an umbrella five metres away and then approaching. The distance each horse moved away before stopping was measured. Distance was greatest for approach on the left side, indicating right hemisphere control of flight behaviour, and thus followed the same pattern found previously in other species. When order of monocular presentation was considered, an asymmetry was detected. Horses tested initially on the left side exhibited greater reactivity for left approach, whereas horses tested on the right side first displayed no side difference in reactivity. Perhaps left hemisphere inhibition of flight response allowed horses to learn that the stimulus posed no threat and this information was transferred to the right hemisphere. No population bias existed for the direction of escape turning, but horses that turned to the right when approached from the front were found to exhibit longer flight distances than those that turned to the left.
	Address	University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
	Corporate Author				Thesis
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	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
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	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1357-650X	ISBN		Medium
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	Notes	PMID:17712716			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4304
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	Author	Jellinger, K.A.
	Title	Comparative Cognition: Experimental Exploration of Animal Intelligence			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	European Journal of Neurology	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	14	Issue		Pages	e53-e53
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	3418
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	Author	Lloyd, N.; Mulcock, J.
	Title	Human-animal studies in Australia: Current directions			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Society and Animals	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue	1	Pages	1-5
	Keywords	Australia – human-nonhuman animal relationships – Human-Animal Studies – multidisciplinary
	Abstract	In 2004, Natalie Lloyd and Jane Mulcock initiated the Australian Animals & Society Study Group, a network of social science, humanities and arts scholars that quickly grew to include more than 100 participants. In July 2005, about 50 participants attended the group“s 4-day inaugural conference at the University of Western Australia, Perth. Papers in this issue emerged from the conference. They exemplify the Australian academy”s work in the fields of History, Population Health, Sociology, Geography, and English and address strong themes: human-equine relationships; management of native and introduced animals; and relationships with other domestic, nonhuman animals-from cats and dogs to cattle. Human-Animal Studies is an expanding field in Australia. However, many scholars, due to funding and teaching concerns, focus their primary research in different domains. All authors in this issue-excepting one-are new scholars in their respective fields. The papers represent the diversity and innovation of recent Australian research on human-animal interactions. The authors look at both past and present, then anticipate future challenges in building an effective network to expand this field of study in Australia.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4390
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	Author	Birke, L.
	Title	“Learning to speak horse”: The culture of “natural horsemanship”			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Society and Animals	Abbreviated Journal
	Volume	15	Issue	3	Pages	217-239
	Keywords	natural horsemanship – riding technologies – communication – social change
	Abstract	This paper examines the rise of what is popularly called “natural horsemanship” (NH), as a definitive cultural change within the horse industry. Practitioners are often evangelical about their methods, portraying NH as a radical departure from traditional methods. In doing so, they create a clear demarcation from the practices and beliefs of the conventional horse-world. Only NH, advocates argue, properly understands the horse. Dissenters, however, contest the benefits to horses as well as the reliance in NH on disputed concepts of the natural. Advocates, furthermore, sought to rename technologies associated with riding while simultaneously condemning technologies used in conventional training (such as whips). These contested differences create boundaries and enact social inclusion and exclusion, which the paper explores. For horses, the impact of NH is ambiguous: Depending on practitioners, effects could be good or bad. However, for the people involved, NH presents a radical change-which they see as offering markedly better ways of relating to horses and a more inclusive social milieu.
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	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4393
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