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Wells Sm, G. - R. (1979). Social behaviour and relationship in a herd of Carmargue horses. Z. Tierpsychol., 49, 363–380.
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Woodward Sl,. (1979). The social system of feral asses. Z. Tierpsychol., 49, 304–316.
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Fiske, J. C., & Potter, G. D. (1979). Discrimination reversal learning in yearling horses. J. Anim. Sci., 49(2), 583–588.
Abstract: Twenty-six yearling horses were tested on a serial reversal learning discrimination combining spatial and brightness cues. An original discrimination of rewarded or nonrewarded stimuli was made followed by 20 daily reversals for position/brightness discrimination. Learning criteria were defined as 11 out of 12 correct, with the last eight responses all correct. Each horse was allowed 30 trials per discrimination to achieve criteria. Mean errors (ME) and mean trials (MT) required to achieve criteria were computed for each horse. A relative learning ability index (LAI) was calculated by the formula 1000/MT/ME. A daily emotionality score, based on a scale of one (tranquil) to six (very excitable) was assigned each horse each day after testing and a mean computed for each horse. A single subjective trainability score, based on a scale of one (difficult to train) to six (easy to train) was obtained for each horse from an independent trainer. Linear regression analyses for all 26 horses revealed a reduction in MT and ME (P<.01) over the 21-day test period indicating evidence of learning to learn. Differences (P<.05) were evident between sexes for MT and ME. Significant correlations between trainability scores and learning ability indices MT, ME, and LAI were evident for colts and geldings but not for fillies. Pooled data showed significant correlations between ME and trainability. There was a negative correlation (P<.05) between emotionality and trainability scores for all 26 horses, although the filly group did not exhibit significant correlation between these parameters.
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Wells, S., & von Goldschmidt-Rotschild, B. (1979). Social behaviour and relationships in a herd of Camargue horses. Z Tierpsychologie, 49, 363–380.
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Miller, R., & Denniston, R. H. (1979). Interband dominance in feral horses. Z. Tierpsychol., 51, 41–47.
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Turpeinen, O. (1979). Effect of cholesterol-lowering diet on mortality from coronary heart disease and other causes. Circulation, 59(1), 1–7.
Abstract: International statistics indicate that there is a close correlation between the consumption of saturated fats (dairy fats and meat fats) and the mortality from coronary heart disease (CHD), and this conception has been confirmed by many epidemiological studies. Such studies alone, however, cannot prove the existence of a cause-and-effect relationship between these two variables; dietary intervention trials are needed. The Finnish Mental Hospital Study was such a trial, conducted in two hospitals near Helsinki in 1959--1971. Practically total replacement of dairy fats by vegetable oils in the diets of these hospitals was followed by a substantial reduction in the mortality of men from CHD. Total mortality also appeared to be reduced. As to the causes of death other than CHD, none was significantly influenced by dietary change. This was also true for malignant neoplasms. To alleviate the burden of CHD on public health, many investigators have recommended important changes in the quantity and quality of dietary fats.
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Harrington, F. H., & Mech, L. D. (1979). Wolf howling and its role in territory maintenance. Behaviour, 68.
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Boy V, D. P. (1979). Time-budgets of Camargue horses, I. Development changes in the time-budgets of foals. Behaviour, 71, 187–202.
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Eisenmann V,. (1979). Etude des cornets des dents incisives infürieures des Equuq actuels et fossiles. Paleont Italica, 71, 55–75.
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Boy, V., & Duncan, P. (1979). Time-budgets of Camargue horses. I. Developmental changes in the time-budgets of foals. Behaviour, 71, 187–201.
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