| |
Records |
Links  |
|
Author |
Pereira, M.E.; Schill, J.L.; Charles, E.P. |
|
| |
Title |
Reconciliation in captive Guyanese squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
American journal of primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Primatol. |
|
| |
Volume |
50 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
159-167 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Aggression; Agonistic Behavior; Animals; Conflict (Psychology); Female; Guyana; Male; Saimiri/*psychology; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance |
|
| |
Abstract |
The tendency for agonistic interaction to increase the probability of friendly interaction between social partners has been demonstrated across a range of Old World primates. While research on such post-conflict behavior proceeds into an hypothesis-testing phase, new comparative information must accumulate to provide full phylogenetic perspective on primate social behavior. Data from New World and prosimian primates are yet extremely limited. We studied captive squirrel monkeys (Saimiri sciureus) via post-conflict (PC) and matched control (MC) observations and analyzed results using both the PC-MC and time-rule methods. Former opponents maintaining affiliative relationships soon engaged in friendly interaction following large proportions of agonistic interactions, whereas non-affiliated individuals, including virtually all male-female pairs, reconciled conflicts rarely. Close-proximity approaching and huddling contact constituted the principal modes of post-conflict amicability. Agonistic interactions of relatively high intensity were most likely to be reconciled and most likely to be reconciled via physical contact. High vulnerability of Saimiri to predation may have favored this species' strong inclination to reconcile soon after agonistic interaction. Research on free-living populations of this and other primate species is needed to illuminate similarities and differences across taxa. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Biology and Program in Animal Behavior, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania 17837, USA. mpereira@bucknell.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0275-2565 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:10676712 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
2878 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Khalil, A.M.; Murakami, N.; Kaseda, Y. |
|
| |
Title |
Relationship between plasma testosterone concentrations and age, breeding season and harem size in Misaki feral horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1998 |
Publication |
The Journal of veterinary medical science / the Japanese Society of Veterinary Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Vet Med Sci |
|
| |
Volume |
60 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
643-645 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Age Factors; Animals; Animals, Wild; *Horses; Japan; Male; Reproduction; Seasons; Sexual Behavior, Animal; Sexual Maturation; *Social Behavior; Testosterone/*blood |
|
| |
Abstract |
Jugular vein blood samples were collected from 23 young and sexual mature feral stallions to examine the relationship between plasma testosterone concentration and age, breeding season or harem size. Testosterone concentration increased with the age of the stallions until they formed their own harems, at about 4 to 6 years old. Seasonal variations in testosterone concentrations were observed, and found to be significantly higher (P<0.001) throughout the breeding season than non-breeding season, from 3 years of age. Testosterone levels were correlated with harem size for individual stallions. It can be inferred from these results that there is a relationship between plasma testosterone concentration and age, breeding season and harem size. |
|
| |
Address |
Laboratory of Animal Behavioral Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Miyazaki University, Japan |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0916-7250 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:9637303 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
137 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Weaver, A.; de Waal, F.B.M. |
|
| |
Title |
The mother-offspring relationship as a template in social development: reconciliation in captive brown capuchins (Cebus apella) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
|
| |
Volume |
117 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
101-110 |
|
| |
Keywords |
*Adaptation, Psychological; Animals; Behavior, Animal/*physiology; Cebus; Conflict (Psychology); Female; Male; *Maternal Behavior; Pilot Projects; *Social Behavior; Statistics, Nonparametric |
|
| |
Abstract |
Mother-offspring (MO) relationship quality was investigated to determine its influence on the development of reconciliation--affiliation between opponents shortly after a fight--because it influenceswhat distressed youngsters learn about calming down. Data were longitudinal and cross-sectional observational samples of 38 MO pairs of monkeys across 24 months. An MO relationship quality index (RQI) classified each pair as secure or insecure. Reconciliation emerged in infancy.Secure youngsters had an appeasing conciliatory style, and insecure youngsters had an agitated conciliatory style. Conclusions are that reconciliation develops from the attachment behavior system and MO RQI is related to the particular conciliatory style youngsters develop by affecting how aroused they are by conflict and the subsequent socializing they seek to calm down. |
|
| |
Address |
Living Links, Yerkes Primate Center and Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. dazzlingdolphins@cox.net |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0735-7036 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:12735370 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
180 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
de Waal, F.B.M.; Davis, J.M. |
|
| |
Title |
Capuchin cognitive ecology: cooperation based on projected returns |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Neuropsychologia |
Abbreviated Journal |
Neuropsychologia |
|
| |
Volume |
41 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
221-228 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Attention; Cebus/*psychology; *Cooperative Behavior; Decision Making; Dominance-Subordination; Female; Male; *Motivation; Reaction Time; Reinforcement Schedule; *Social Behavior |
|
| |
Abstract |
Stable cooperation requires that each party's pay-offs exceed those available through individual action. The present experimental study on brown capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) investigated if decisions about cooperation are (a) guided by the amount of competition expected to follow the cooperation, and (b) made instantaneously or only after a period of familiarization. Pairs of adult monkeys were presented with a mutualistic cooperative task with variable opportunities for resource monopolization (clumped versus dispersed rewards), and partner relationships (kin versus nonkin). After pre-training, each pair of monkeys (N=11) was subjected to six tests, consisting of 15 2 min trials each, with rewards available to both parties. Clumped reward distribution had an immediate negative effect on cooperation: this effect was visible right from the start, and remained visible even if clumped trials alternated with dispersed trials. The drop in cooperation was far more dramatic for nonkin than kin, which was explained by the tendency of dominant nonkin to claim more than half of the rewards under the clumped condition. The immediacy of responses suggests a decision-making process based on predicted outcome of cooperation. Decisions about cooperation thus take into account both the opportunity for and the likelihood of subsequent competition over the spoils. |
|
| |
Address |
Living Links, Yerkes Primate Center, Emory University, 954 N. Gatewood Road, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. dewaal@emory.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0028-3932 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:12459220 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
182 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Lilienfeld, S.O.; Gershon, J.; Duke, M.; Marino, L.; de Waal, F.B. |
|
| |
Title |
A preliminary investigation of the construct of psychopathic personality (psychopathy) in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
|
| |
Volume |
113 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
365-375 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Age Factors; Analysis of Variance; Animals; Antisocial Personality Disorder/*diagnosis/psychology; Ethology/*methods; Female; Male; Observer Variation; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; Psychiatric Status Rating Scales/*standards; Reproducibility of Results; Sex Characteristics; *Social Behavior |
|
| |
Abstract |
Although the construct of psychopathy has received considerable attention in humans, its relevance to other animals is largely unknown. We developed a measure of psychopathy for use in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), the Chimpanzee Psychopathy Measure (CPM), and asked 6 raters to complete this index on 34 chimpanzees. The CPM (a) demonstrated satisfactory interrater reliability and internal consistency; (b) exhibited marginally significant sex differences (males > females); (c) correlated positively with measures of extraversion, agreeableness, and observational ratings of agonism, sexual activity, daring behaviors, teasing, silent bluff displays, and temper tantrums, and negatively with observational ratings of generosity; and (d) demonstrated incremental validity above and beyond a measure of dominance. Although further validation of the CPM is needed, these findings suggest that the psychopathy construct may be relevant to chimpanzees. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. scott@ss.emory.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0735-7036 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:10608560 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
193 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Aureli, F.; Preston, S.D.; de Waal, F.B. |
|
| |
Title |
Heart rate responses to social interactions in free-moving rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta): a pilot study |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
|
| |
Volume |
113 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
59-65 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Female; Grooming/physiology; Heart Rate/*physiology; Macaca mulatta/*physiology; Male; Movement/*physiology; Pilot Projects; *Social Behavior |
|
| |
Abstract |
Heart rate telemetry was explored as a means to access animal emotion during social interactions under naturalistic conditions. Heart rates of 2 middle-ranking adult females living in a large group of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) were recorded along with their behavior. Heart rate changes during 2 types of interactions were investigated, while controlling for the effects of posture and activity. The risk of aggression associated with the approach of a dominant individual was expected to provoke anxiety in the approachee. This prediction was supported by the heart rate increase after such an approach. No increase was found when the approacher was a kin or a subordinate individual. The tension-reduction function of allogrooming was also supported. Heart rate decelerated faster during the receipt of grooming than in matched control periods. |
|
| |
Address |
Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. aureli@rmy.emory.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0735-7036 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:10098269 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
197 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
de Waal, F.B. |
|
| |
Title |
Food transfers through mesh in brown capuchins |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
|
| |
Volume |
111 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
370-378 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Cebus/*psychology; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Food Preferences/psychology; Male; *Motivation; Sex Factors; *Social Behavior; Social Environment |
|
| |
Abstract |
Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) share food even if their partner is behind a mesh restraint. Pairs of adult capuchins were moved into a test chamber in which 1 monkey received cucumber pieces for 20 min and the other received apple slices during the following 20 min. Tolerant transfers of food occurred reciprocally among females: The rate of transfer from Female B to A in the second test phase varied with the rate from Female A to B in the first test phase. Several social mechanisms may explain this reciprocity. Whereas this study does not contradict cognitively complex explanations (e.g., mental record keeping of given and received food), the results are consistent with a rather simple explanation: that food sharing reflects a combination of affiliative tendency and high tolerance. The study suggests that sharing mechanisms may be different for adult male capuchins, with males sharing food more readily and less discriminatingly than females. |
|
| |
Address |
Yerkes Primate Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. dewaal@emory.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0735-7036 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:9419882 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
198 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
de Waal, F.B. |
|
| |
Title |
Macaque social culture: development and perpetuation of affiliative networks |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983) |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Comp Psychol |
|
| |
Volume |
110 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
147-154 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Dominance-Subordination; Female; Macaca mulatta/*psychology; Male; Maternal Behavior; *Peer Group; Sexual Behavior, Animal; *Social Behavior; Social Distance; *Social Environment |
|
| |
Abstract |
Maternal affiliative relations may be transmitted to offspring, similar to the way in which maternal rank determines offspring rank. The development of 23 captive female rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) was followed from the day of birth until adulthood. A multivariate analysis compared relations among age peers with affiliative relations, kinship, and rank distance among mothers. Maternal relations were an excellent predictor of affiliative relations among daughters, explaining up to 64% of the variance. Much of this predictability was due to the effect of kinship. However, after this variable had been controlled, significant predictability persisted. For relations of female subjects with male peers, on the other hand, maternal relations had no significant predictive value beyond the effect of kinship. One possible explanation of these results is that young rhesus females copy maternal social preferences through a process of cultural learning. |
|
| |
Address |
Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA. dewaal@rmy.emory.edu |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0735-7036 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:8681528 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
204 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Judge, P.G.; de Waal, F.B. |
|
| |
Title |
Intergroup grooming relations between alpha females in a population of free-ranging rhesus macaques |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Folia primatologica; international journal of primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Folia Primatol (Basel) |
|
| |
Volume |
63 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
63-70 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; Female; *Grooming; Macaca mulatta/*psychology; Male; Population Density; *Social Behavior |
|
| |
Abstract |
Intergroup affiliation among female rhesus macaques, Macaca mulatta, was examined in the captive free-ranging colony of Morgan Island, S.C., USA. The provisioned colony has many social groups (35) and is maintained at a relatively high population density (21 animals/ha) with a relatively low adult male to female ratio (1:8.8). Focal and ad libitum samples were collected on 32 adults (3 males and 29 females) from two groups. Although infrequent, grooming was observed between adult females from different groups, and alpha females were the main participants in these interactions. Colony records indicated that none of the intergroup grooms was between females formerly from a common group. Relations between familiar neighboring groups may be maintained by a combination of both affiliative and aggressive behavior. |
|
| |
Address |
Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Lawrenceville, Ga 30243 |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0015-5713 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:7813977 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
208 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
| |
|
| |
|
Author |
Seyfarth, R.M.; Cheney, D.L. |
|
| |
Title |
Cognitive strategies and the representation of social relations by monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
| |
Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Nebraska Symposium on Motivation. Nebraska Symposium on Motivation |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nebr Symp Motiv |
|
| |
Volume |
47 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
145-177 |
|
| |
Keywords |
Adaptation, Biological; Animals; *Evolution; Family; Female; Haplorhini; Male; Memory; Primates; *Selection (Genetics); *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; *Social Perception |
|
| |
Abstract |
|
|
| |
Address |
University of Pennsylvania, USA |
|
| |
Corporate Author |
|
Thesis |
|
|
| |
Publisher |
|
Place of Publication |
|
Editor |
|
|
| |
Language |
English |
Summary Language |
|
Original Title |
|
|
| |
Series Editor |
|
Series Title |
|
Abbreviated Series Title |
|
|
| |
Series Volume |
|
Series Issue |
|
Edition |
|
|
| |
ISSN |
0146-7875 |
ISBN |
|
Medium |
|
|
| |
Area |
|
Expedition |
|
Conference |
|
|
| |
Notes |
PMID:11759347 |
Approved |
no |
|
| |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
345 |
|
| Permanent link to this record |
