| Home | << 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 >> [11–14] |
|
| Records | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Author | Hemelrijk,C. K.; Wantia,J.; Gygax,L. | ||||
| Title | The construction of dominance order: comparing performance of five methods using an individual-based model | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2005 | Publication | Behaviour | Abbreviated Journal | Behaviour |
| Volume | 142 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 1043-1064 |
| Keywords | dominance order, ranking method, agent-based model, statistical method, aggression | ||||
| Abstract | In studies of animal behaviour investigators correlate dominance with all kinds of behavioural variables, such as reproductive success and foraging success. Many methods are used to produce a dominance hierarchy from a matrix reflecting the frequency of winning dominance interactions. These different methods produce different hierarchies. However, it is difficult to decide which ranking method is best. In this paper, we offer a new procedure for this decision: we use an individual-based model, called DomWorld, as a test-environment. We choose this model, because it provides access to both the internal dominance values of artificial agents (which reflects their fighting power) and the matrix of winning and losing among them and, in addition, because its behavioural rules are biologically inspired and its group-level patterns resemble those of real primates. We compare statistically the dominance hierarchy based on the internal dominance values of the artificial agents with the dominance hierarchy produced by ranking individuals by (a) their total frequency of winning, (b) their average dominance index, (c) a refined dominance index, the David`s score, (d) the number of subordinates each individual has and (e) a ranking method based on maximizing the linear order of the hierarchy. Because dominance hierarchies may differ depending on group size, type of society, and the interval of study, we compare these ranking methods for these conditions.We study complete samples as well as samples randomly chosen to resemble the limitations of observing real animals. It appears that two methods of medium complexity (the average dominance index and David`s score) lead to hierarchical orders that come closest to the hierarchy based on internal dominance values of the agents. We advocate usage of the average dominance index, because of its computational simplicity. |
||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Approved | no | |||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 445 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Giles, N.; Tupper, J. | ||||
| Title | Equine interspecies aggression | Type | |||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | The Veterinary record | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Rec. |
| Volume | 159 | Issue | 22 | Pages | 756 |
| Keywords | Aggression/*physiology; Animals; Horses/*physiology; Sheep/*physiology; Social Dominance | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0042-4900 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:17127768 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Serial | 1779 | |||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Cheney, D.; Seyfarth, R.; Smuts, B. | ||||
| Title | Social relationships and social cognition in nonhuman primates | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 1986 | Publication | Science (New York, N.Y.) | Abbreviated Journal | Science |
| Volume | 234 | Issue | 4782 | Pages | 1361-1366 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Cognition; Female; Male; Pair Bond; Primates/*physiology; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Social Perception | ||||
| Abstract | Complex social relationships among nonhuman primates appear to contribute to individual reproductive success. Experiments with and behavioral observations of natural populations suggest that sophisticated cognitive mechanisms may underlie primate social relationships. Similar capacities are usually less apparent in the nonsocial realm, supporting the view that at least some aspects of primate intelligence evolved to solve the challenges of interacting with conspecifics. | ||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0036-8075 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:3538419 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 349 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Dunbar, R. | ||||
| Title | Evolution of the social brain | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2003 | Publication | Science | Abbreviated Journal | Science |
| Volume | 302 | Issue | 5648 | Pages | 1160-1161 |
| Keywords | Animals; Animals, Wild; *Cognition; Endorphins/physiology; *Evolution; Female; Grooming; Hierarchy, Social; Language; Neocortex/anatomy & histology/physiology; Papio/physiology/*psychology; *Reproduction; *Social Behavior; Social Dominance; Social Support; Vocalization, Animal | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZB, UK. rimd@liv.ac.uk | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1095-9203 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:14615522 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 548 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Hirsch, B.T. | ||||
| Title | Costs and benefits of within-group spatial position: a feeding competition model | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | The Quarterly review of biology | Abbreviated Journal | Q Rev Biol |
| Volume | 82 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 9-27 |
| Keywords | Animals; Competitive Behavior/*physiology; Dominance-Subordination; Feeding Behavior/*physiology/*psychology; Population Dynamics; Predatory Behavior/*physiology | ||||
| Abstract | An animal's within-group spatial position has several important fitness consequences. Risk of predation, time spent engaging in antipredatory behavior and feeding competition can all vary with respect to spatial position. Previous research has found evidence that feeding rates are higher at the group edge in many species, but these studies have not represented the entire breadth of dietary diversity and ecological situations faced by many animals. In particular the presence of concentrated, defendable food patches can lead to increased feeding rates by dominants in the center of the group that are able to monopolize or defend these areas. To fully understand the tradeoffs of within-group spatial position in relation to a variety of factors, it is important to be able to predict where individuals should preferably position themselves in relation to feeding rates and food competition. A qualitative model is presented here to predict how food depletion time, abundance of food patches within a group, and the presence of prior knowledge of feeding sites affect the payoffs of different within-group spatial positions for dominant and subordinate animals. In general, when feeding on small abundant food items, individuals at the front edge of the group should have higher foraging success. When feeding on slowly depleted, rare food items, dominants will often have the highest feeding rates in the center of the group. Between these two extreme points of a continuum, an individual's optimal spatial position is predicted to be influenced by an additional combination of factors, such as group size, group spread, satiation rates, and the presence of producer-scrounger tactics. | ||||
| Address | Department of Anthropology, Stony Brook University Stony Brook, New York 11794, USA. BTHIRSCH@IC.SUNYSB.EDU | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0033-5770 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:17354992 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 803 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Drummond, H. | ||||
| Title | Dominance in vertebrate broods and litters | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2006 | Publication | Quarterly Review of Biology | Abbreviated Journal | |
| Volume | 81 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 3-32 |
| Keywords | Aggression; Assessment; Dominance; Individual recognition; Sibling conflict; Trained losing | ||||
| Abstract | Drawing on the concepts and theory of dominance in adult vertebrates, this article categorizes the relationships of dominance between infant siblings, identifies the behavioral mechanisms that give rise to those relationships, and proposes a model to explain their evolution. Dominance relationships in avian broods can be classified according to the agonistic roles of dominants and subordinates as “aggression-submission,” “aggression-resistance, ” “aggression-aggression,” “aggression-avoidance,” “rotating dominance,” and “flock dominance.” These relationships differ mainly in the submissiveness/pugnacity of subordinates, which is pivotal, and in the specificity/generality of the learning processes that underlie them. As in the dominance hierarchies of adult vertebrates, agonistic roles are engendered and maintained by several mechanisms, including differential fighting ability, assessment, trained winning and losing (especially in altricial species), learned individual relationships (especially in precocial species), site-specific learning, and probably group-level effects. An evolutionary framework in which the species-typical dominance relationship is determined by feeding mode, confinement, cost of subordination, and capacity for individual recognition, can be extended to mammalian litters and account for the aggression-submission and aggression-resistance observed in distinct populations of spotted hyenas and the “site-specific dominance” (teat ownership) of some pigs, felids, and hyraxes. Little is known about agonism in the litters of other mammals or broods of poikilotherms, but some species of fish and crocodilians have the potential for dominance among broodmates. Copyright © 2006 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. | ||||
| Address | Instituto de Ecología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, A.P. 70-275, 04510 D.F., Mexico | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | Summary Language | Original Title | |||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | ISBN | Medium | |||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | Cited By (since 1996): 20; Export Date: 23 October 2008; Source: Scopus | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 4559 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Chase, I.D.; Tovey, C.; Spangler-Martin, D.; Manfredonia, M. | ||||
| Title | Individual differences versus social dynamics in the formation of animal dominance hierarchies | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2002 | Publication | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America | Abbreviated Journal | Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |
| Volume | 99 | Issue | 8 | Pages | 5744-5749 |
| Keywords | Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Fishes; Humans; *Social Behavior; *Social Dominance | ||||
| Abstract | Linear hierarchies, the classical pecking-order structures, are formed readily in both nature and the laboratory in a great range of species including humans. However, the probability of getting linear structures by chance alone is quite low. In this paper we investigate the two hypotheses that are proposed most often to explain linear hierarchies: they are predetermined by differences in the attributes of animals, or they are produced by the dynamics of social interaction, i.e., they are self-organizing. We evaluate these hypotheses using cichlid fish as model animals, and although differences in attributes play a significant part, we find that social interaction is necessary for high proportions of groups with linear hierarchies. Our results suggest that dominance hierarchy formation is a much richer and more complex phenomenon than previously thought, and we explore the implications of these results for evolutionary biology, the social sciences, and the use of animal models in understanding human social organization. | ||||
| Address | Department of Sociology, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY 11794-4356, USA. Ichase@notes.cc.sunysb.edu | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 0027-8424 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:11960030 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 442 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Grosenick, L.; Clement, T.S.; Fernald, R.D. | ||||
| Title | Fish can infer social rank by observation alone | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2007 | Publication | Nature | Abbreviated Journal | Nature |
| Volume | 445 | Issue | 7126 | Pages | 429-432 |
| Keywords | Aggression/physiology; Animals; Cognition/*physiology; Female; Fishes/*physiology; Learning/*physiology; Male; Models, Biological; *Social Dominance; Territoriality | ||||
| Abstract | Transitive inference (TI) involves using known relationships to deduce unknown ones (for example, using A > B and B > C to infer A > C), and is thus essential to logical reasoning. First described as a developmental milestone in children, TI has since been reported in nonhuman primates, rats and birds. Still, how animals acquire and represent transitive relationships and why such abilities might have evolved remain open problems. Here we show that male fish (Astatotilapia burtoni) can successfully make inferences on a hierarchy implied by pairwise fights between rival males. These fish learned the implied hierarchy vicariously (as 'bystanders'), by watching fights between rivals arranged around them in separate tank units. Our findings show that fish use TI when trained on socially relevant stimuli, and that they can make such inferences by using indirect information alone. Further, these bystanders seem to have both spatial and featural representations related to rival abilities, which they can use to make correct inferences depending on what kind of information is available to them. Beyond extending TI to fish and experimentally demonstrating indirect TI learning in animals, these results indicate that a universal mechanism underlying TI is unlikely. Rather, animals probably use multiple domain-specific representations adapted to different social and ecological pressures that they encounter during the course of their natural lives. | ||||
| Address | Department of Biological Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, California, 94305, USA. logang@stanford.edu | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1476-4687 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:17251980 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 600 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Paz-y-Miño C. G.; Bond, A.B.; Kamil, A.C.; Balda, R.P. | ||||
| Title | Pinyon jays use transitive inference to predict social dominance | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Nature | Abbreviated Journal | Nature |
| Volume | 430 | Issue | 7001 | Pages | 778-781 |
| Keywords | Animals; Cognition/*physiology; Group Structure; Male; *Social Dominance; Songbirds/*physiology | ||||
| Abstract | Living in large, stable social groups is often considered to favour the evolution of enhanced cognitive abilities, such as recognizing group members, tracking their social status and inferring relationships among them. An individual's place in the social order can be learned through direct interactions with others, but conflicts can be time-consuming and even injurious. Because the number of possible pairwise interactions increases rapidly with group size, members of large social groups will benefit if they can make judgments about relationships on the basis of indirect evidence. Transitive reasoning should therefore be particularly important for social individuals, allowing assessment of relationships from observations of interactions among others. Although a variety of studies have suggested that transitive inference may be used in social settings, the phenomenon has not been demonstrated under controlled conditions in animals. Here we show that highly social pinyon jays (Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus) draw sophisticated inferences about their own dominance status relative to that of strangers that they have observed interacting with known individuals. These results directly demonstrate that animals use transitive inference in social settings and imply that such cognitive capabilities are widespread among social species. | ||||
| Address | Center for Avian Cognition, School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA | ||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1476-4687 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15306809 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @; Equine Behaviour @ team @ room B 3.029 | Serial | 352 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||
| Author | Shettleworth, S.J. | ||||
| Title | Cognitive science: rank inferred by reason | Type | Journal Article | ||
| Year | 2004 | Publication | Nature | Abbreviated Journal | Nature |
| Volume | 430 | Issue | 7001 | Pages | 732-733 |
| Keywords | Animals; Cognition/*physiology; Group Structure; Male; *Social Dominance; Songbirds/*physiology | ||||
| Abstract | |||||
| Address | |||||
| Corporate Author | Thesis | ||||
| Publisher | Place of Publication | Editor | |||
| Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
| Series Editor | Series Title | Abbreviated Series Title | |||
| Series Volume | Series Issue | Edition | |||
| ISSN | 1476-4687 | ISBN | Medium | ||
| Area | Expedition | Conference | |||
| Notes | PMID:15306792 | Approved | no | ||
| Call Number | refbase @ user @ | Serial | 365 | ||
| Permanent link to this record | |||||