| Records |
| Author |
Whiten, A.; McGrew, W.C. |
| Title |
Is this the first portrayal of tool use by a chimp? |
Type |
|
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
409 |
Issue |
6816 |
Pages |
12 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Pan troglodytes/*physiology; Philately |
| Abstract |
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| Language |
English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:11343083 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
739 |
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| Author |
de Waal, F.B.; Berger, M.L. |
| Title |
Payment for labour in monkeys |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
404 |
Issue |
6778 |
Pages |
563 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Cebus/*physiology; *Cooperative Behavior; Evolution; *Feeding Behavior; Female; Male; Reward |
| Abstract |
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| Address |
Living Links, Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, and Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. dewaal@emory.edu |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:10766228 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
190 |
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| Author |
Terrace, H.S. |
| Title |
Chunking by a pigeon in a serial learning task |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1987 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
325 |
Issue |
7000 |
Pages |
149-151 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Cognition/*physiology; Columbidae/*physiology; Feedback; Learning/*physiology; Male |
| Abstract |
A basic principle of human memory is that lists that can be organized into memorable 'chunks' are easier to remember. Memory span is limited to a roughly constant number of chunks and is to a large extent independent of the amount of informaton contained in each chunk. Depending on the ingenuity of the code used to integrate discrete items into chunks, one can substantially increase the number of items that can be recalled correctly. Newly developed paradigms for studying memory in non-verbal organisms allow comparison of the abilities of human and non-human subjects to memorize lists. Here I present two types of evidence that pigeons 'chunk' 5-element lists whose components (colours and achromatic geometric forms) are clustered into distinct groups. Those lists were learned twice as rapidly as a homogeneous list of colours or heterogeneous lists in which the elements are not clustered. The pigeons were also tested for knowledge of the order of two elements drawn from the 5-element lists. They responded in the correct order only to those subsets that contained a chunk boundary. Thus chunking can be studied profitably in animal subjects; the cognitive processes that allow an organism to form chunks do no presuppose linguistic competence. |
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| Language |
English |
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| ISSN |
0028-0836 |
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| Notes |
PMID:3808071 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2792 |
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| Author |
Whiten, A.; Goodall, J.; McGrew, W.C.; Nishida, T.; Reynolds, V.; Sugiyama, Y.; Tutin, C.E.; Wrangham, R.W.; Boesch, C. |
| Title |
Cultures in chimpanzees |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
399 |
Issue |
6737 |
Pages |
682-685 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; *Culture; Humans; Pan troglodytes/*physiology; Species Specificity |
| Abstract |
As an increasing number of field studies of chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) have achieved long-term status across Africa, differences in the behavioural repertoires described have become apparent that suggest there is significant cultural variation. Here we present a systematic synthesis of this information from the seven most long-term studies, which together have accumulated 151 years of chimpanzee observation. This comprehensive analysis reveals patterns of variation that are far more extensive than have previously been documented for any animal species except humans. We find that 39 different behaviour patterns, including tool usage, grooming and courtship behaviours, are customary or habitual in some communities but are absent in others where ecological explanations have been discounted. Among mammalian and avian species, cultural variation has previously been identified only for single behaviour patterns, such as the local dialects of song-birds. The extensive, multiple variations now documented for chimpanzees are thus without parallel. Moreover, the combined repertoire of these behaviour patterns in each chimpanzee community is itself highly distinctive, a phenomenon characteristic of human cultures but previously unrecognised in non-human species. |
| Address |
Scottish Primate Research Group, School of Psychology, University of St Andrews, UK |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:10385119 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
742 |
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| Author |
Parr, L.A.; de Waal, F.B. |
| Title |
Visual kin recognition in chimpanzees |
Type |
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| Year |
1999 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
399 |
Issue |
6737 |
Pages |
647-648 |
| Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Face; Female; Male; Pan troglodytes/*physiology |
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English |
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0028-0836 |
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| Notes |
PMID:10385114 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
195 |
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| Author |
Alexander, F.; Chowdhury, A.K. |
| Title |
Enzymes in the ileal juice of the horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1958 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
181 |
Issue |
4603 |
Pages |
190 |
| Keywords |
*Enzymes; *Horses; Ileum/*metabolism; *Enzymes; *Horses; *ILEUM/metabolism |
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English |
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Edition |
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0028-0836 |
ISBN |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:13504127 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
121 |
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| Author |
Eisenmann V, |
| Title |
Le cheval: Passé, présent et avenir. |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1982 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Bull Inf Mus Nat Hist Naturelle |
| Volume |
30 |
Issue |
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Pages |
29-34 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
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Serial |
1052 |
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| Author |
Ewart Jc, |
| Title |
The wild horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1903 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
68 |
Issue |
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Pages |
271-274 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1076 |
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| Author |
Fedak Ma, S.H. |
| Title |
Reappraisal of energetics of locomotion shows identical cost in bipeds and quadrupeds including ostrich and horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1979 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
282 |
Issue |
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Pages |
713-716 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1079 |
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| Author |
Hoyt Df, T.C. |
| Title |
Gait and the energetics of locomotion in horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1981 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
| Volume |
292 |
Issue |
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Pages |
239-240 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
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Serial |
1205 |
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