| Records |
| Author |
Zentall, T.R.; Riley, D.A. |
| Title |
Selective attention in animal discrimination learning |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2000 |
Publication |
The Journal of general psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Gen Psychol |
| Volume |
127 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
45-66 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Attention/*physiology; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Conditioning (Psychology)/physiology; Cues; Discrimination Learning/*physiology; Generalization, Response; Rats |
| Abstract |
The traditional approach to the study of selective attention in animal discrimination learning has been to ask if animals are capable of the central selective processing of stimuli, such that certain aspects of the discriminative stimuli are partially or wholly ignored while their relationships to each other, or other relevant stimuli, are processed. A notable characteristic of this research has been that procedures involve the acquisition of discriminations, and the issue of concern is whether learning is selectively determined by the stimulus dimension defined by the discriminative stimuli. Although there is support for this kind of selective attention, in many cases, simpler nonattentional accounts are sufficient to explain the results. An alternative approach involves procedures more similar to those used in human information-processing research. When selective attention is studied in humans, it generally involves the steady state performance of tasks for which there is limited time allowed for stimulus input and a relatively large amount of relevant information to be processed; thus, attention must be selective or divided. When this approach is applied to animals and alternative accounts have been ruled out, stronger evidence for selective or divided attention in animals has been found. Similar processes are thought to be involved when animals search more natural environments for targets. Finally, an attempt is made to distinguish these top-down attentional processes from more automatic preattentional processes that have been studied in humans and other animals. |
| Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506, USA. Zentall@pop.uky.edu |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0022-1309 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:10695951 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
250 |
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| Author |
Henning, J.M.; Zentall, T.R. |
| Title |
Imitation, social facilitation, and the effects of ACTH 4-10 on rats' bar-pressing behavior |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1981 |
Publication |
The American journal of psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Psychol |
| Volume |
94 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
125-134 |
| Keywords |
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone/*pharmacology; Animals; Conditioning, Operant/*drug effects; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Extinction, Psychological/drug effects; Imitative Behavior/*drug effects; Male; Peptide Fragments/*pharmacology; Rats; *Social Facilitation |
| Abstract |
The effects of ACTH 4-10 on rats' imitation learning was examined during the acquisition and extinction of a bar-press response for water reinforcement. Rats were exposed to either a bar-pressing conspecific (OB), an experimentally naive conspecific (ON), or an empty box (OE) during bar-press acquisition. In a factorial design, each rat was then exposed to one of the same three conditions during extinction. An 80 mcg dose of ACTH 4-10 was administered to half of the rats in each group prior to observation. Performance differences during acquisition were generally small, but significant performance differences during extinction were found. Social facilitation was indicated by the finding that rats extinguished in the presence of a conspecific exhibited significantly greater resistance to extinction than rats extinguished in the presence of an empty box. An imitation effect was also found. Rats that observed a bar-pressing conspecific during both acquisition and extinction (group OB-OB) showed significantly greater resistance top extinction than did groups OB-ON, CB-OE, or OE-OE. There were no significant effects of the hormone, however, relative to saline controls. |
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English |
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| ISSN |
0002-9556 |
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| Notes |
PMID:6263117 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
267 |
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| Author |
Gibson, B.M.; Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Competition among spatial cues in a naturalistic food-carrying task |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Learning & behavior : a Psychonomic Society publication |
Abbreviated Journal |
Learn Behav |
| Volume |
31 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
143-159 |
| Keywords |
Adaptation, Psychological; Animals; Appetitive Behavior; *Association Learning; *Attention; Choice Behavior; *Cues; *Discrimination Learning; Male; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Space Perception; *Spatial Behavior |
| Abstract |
Rats collected nuts from a container in a large arena in four experiments testing how learning about a beacon or cue at a goal interacts with learning about other spatial cues (place learning). Place learning was quick, with little evidence of competition from the beacon (Experiments 1 and 2). Rats trained to approach a beacon regardless of its location were subsequently impaired when the well-learned beacon was removed and other spatial cues identified the location of the goal (Experiment 3). The competition between beacon and place cues reflected learned irrelevance for place cues (Experiment 4). The findings differ from those of some studies of associative interactions between cue and place learning in other paradigms. |
| Address |
University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
1543-4494 |
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| Notes |
PMID:12882373 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
368 |
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| Author |
Gibson, B.M.; Shettleworth, S.J.; McDonald, R.J. |
| Title |
Finding a goal on dry land and in the water: differential effects of disorientation on spatial learning |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
2001 |
Publication |
Behavioural brain research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Brain. Res. |
| Volume |
123 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
103-111 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Cues; Environment; Male; Maze Learning/*physiology; Orientation/*physiology; Rats; Rats, Long-Evans; Spatial Behavior/*physiology; Water |
| Abstract |
Two previous studies, Martin et al. (J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Process. 23 (1997) 183) and Dudchenko et al. (J. Exp. Psychol. Anim. Behav. Process. 23 (1997) 194), report that, compared to non-disoriented controls, rats disoriented before testing were disrupted in their ability to learn the location of a goal on a dry radial-arm maze task, but that both groups learned at the same rate in the Morris water maze. However, the radial-arm maze task was much more difficult than the water maze. In the current set of experiments, we examined the performance of control and disoriented rats on more comparable dry land and water maze tasks. Compared to non-disoriented rats, rats that were disoriented before testing were significantly impaired in locating a goal in a circular dry arena, but not a water tank. The results constrain theoretical explanations for the differential effects of disorientation on different spatial tasks. |
| Address |
Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, 100 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3G3. gibson@psych.utoronto.ca |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0166-4328 |
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| Notes |
PMID:11377733 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
372 |
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| Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
| Title |
Foraging, memory, and constraints on learning |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann N Y Acad Sci |
| Volume |
443 |
Issue |
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Pages |
216-226 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Animals, Wild; *Appetitive Behavior; *Avoidance Learning; Birds; *Conditioning, Classical; Discrimination Learning; Food Preferences; *Memory; *Mental Recall; Motivation; *Predatory Behavior; Rats; *Taste |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0077-8923 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:3860072 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
384 |
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| Author |
Christensen, H.A.; Herrer, A. |
| Title |
Attractiveness of sentinel animals to vectors of leishmaniasis in Panama |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1973 |
Publication |
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
| Volume |
22 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
578-584 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Cricetinae; Dogs; Ecology; Horses; *Insect Vectors; Leishmania/isolation & purification; Leishmaniasis, Mucocutaneous/*etiology; Male; Panama; *Phlebotomus; Rats |
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English |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0002-9637 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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| Notes |
PMID:4729738 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2712 |
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| Author |
Rumiantsev, S.N. |
| Title |
[Biological function of Clostridium tetani toxin (ecological and evolutionary aspects)] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1973 |
Publication |
Zhurnal Evoliutsionnoi Biokhimii i Fiziologii |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zh Evol Biokhim Fiziol |
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
474-480 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Cats; Chickens; Dogs; Ecology; Evolution; Goats; Guinea Pigs; Haplorhini; Horses; Insectivora; Mice; Perissodactyla; Rabbits; Rats; Sheep; *Tetanus Toxin |
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Russian |
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Original Title |
K voprosu biologicheskoi funktsii toksina Clostridium tetani (ekologicheskie i evolutsionnye aspekty |
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Edition |
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0044-4529 |
ISBN |
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| Notes |
PMID:4203684 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2713 |
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| Author |
Valova, G.P.; Mefod'ev, V.V. |
| Title |
[Specific features of an epidemic process in leptospiroses in northern conditions in Western Siberia] |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1972 |
Publication |
Zhurnal Mikrobiologii, Epidemiologii, i Immunobiologii |
Abbreviated Journal |
Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol |
| Volume |
49 |
Issue |
11 |
Pages |
138-145 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Bird Diseases/epidemiology; Birds; Carnivora; Cattle; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology; Dog Diseases/epidemiology; Dogs; Ecology; Foxes; Horse Diseases/epidemiology; Horses; Humans; Insectivora; Leptospirosis/*epidemiology/veterinary; Mice; Rats; Reindeer; Rodent Diseases/epidemiology; Rodentia; Sheep; Sheep Diseases/epidemiology; Siberia |
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Russian |
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Original Title |
Nekotorye spetsificheskie cherty epidemicheskogo protsessa pri leptospirozakh v usloviiakh Severa v Zapadnoi Sibiri |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0372-9311 |
ISBN |
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Medium |
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Expedition |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:4645851 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2718 |
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| Author |
Scherer, W.F.; Dickerman, R.W. |
| Title |
Ecologic studies of Venezuelan encephalitis virus in southeastern Mexico. 8. Correlations and conclusions |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1972 |
Publication |
The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Trop Med Hyg |
| Volume |
21 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
86-89 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Birds; Cattle; Chiroptera; Cricetinae; Culex; Culicidae; *Disease Reservoirs; Ecology; Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine/immunology; Encephalitis Viruses/*isolation & purification; Encephalomyelitis, Equine/epidemiology/*etiology; Horses; Humans; *Insect Vectors; Mammals; Mexico; Mice; Opossums; Rats; Swine |
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English |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0002-9637 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:4399844 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2721 |
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| Author |
Tempelis, C.H.; Nelson, R.L. |
| Title |
Blood-feeding patterns of midges of the Culicoides variipennis complex in Kern County, California |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1971 |
Publication |
Journal of Medical Entomology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Med Entomol |
| Volume |
8 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
532-534 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal; Cattle; Ceratopogonidae/*immunology; Chickens; Dogs; Ecology; Feeding Behavior; Female; Horses; Humans; Immune Sera; Mice; Precipitin Tests; Rabbits; Rats; Sciuridae; Sheep |
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English |
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Series Title |
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Abbreviated Series Title |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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| ISSN |
0022-2585 |
ISBN |
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Conference |
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| Notes |
PMID:5160258 |
Approved |
no |
| Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2723 |
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