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Author | Benz, B.; Benitz, B.; Krueger, K.; Winter, D. | ||||
Title | Weniger Einstreu bei gleichem Komfort | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2013 | Publication | Pferdezucht und Haltung | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 1 | Issue | Pages | 66-71 | |
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Publisher | AVA-Verlag-Allgäu GmbH | Place of Publication | Kempten | Editor | |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5654 | ||
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Author | Hoffmann, G.; Bockisch, F.-J.; Kreimeier, P. | ||||
Title | Einfluss des Haltungssystems auf die Bewegungsaktivität und Stressbelastung bei Pferden in Auslaufhaltungssystemen | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2009 | Publication | Landbauforschung – vTI Agriculture and Forestry Research | Abbreviated Journal | |
Volume | 2 | Issue | 59 | Pages | 105-112 |
Keywords | Bewegung, Cortisol, Herzfrequenzvariabilität (HFV), Pferd, Verhalten [movement, cortisol, heart rate variability (HRV), horse, behaviour] | ||||
Abstract | Frühere Untersuchungen haben gezeigt, dass die tägliche Bewegung für die Gesunderhaltung der Pferde notwendig ist. Inwieweit sich jedoch unterschiedliche Bewegungsangebote auf das Stress-und Bewegungsverhalten von Pferden in einer Gruppen-Auslaufhaltung auswirken und ob der Bewegungsbedarf der Pferde durch eine Auslaufhaltung ohne zusätzliche Bewegung gedeckt werden kann, ist der Literatur bisher nicht zu entnehmen. Daher sollte in der nachfolgend beschriebenen Untersuchung der Frage nachgegangen werden, welche Auswirkungen verschiedene Bewegungsangebote auf die Bewegungsaktivität von Pferden in Gruppen-Auslaufhaltungen haben und ob diese das Wohlbefinden der Tiere beeinflussen. Letzteres wurde durch Messung der Herzfrequenzvariabilität und Bestimmung von Cortisolmetaboliten im Pferdekot erfasst und die Bewegungsaktivität der Pferde wurde mit ALT-Pedometern bestimmt. Verglichen wurden eine Einzel-und Gruppenhaltung mit jeweils angrenzendem Auslauf, aber ohne eine zusätzliche Bewegung der Pferde außerhalb des Stalls. In drei weiteren Varianten der Gruppenhaltung bekamen die Pferde täglichen Auslauf auf einer unbegrünten Koppel, auf einer Weide oder durch gezielte Bewegung in einer Führanlage. Die Bewegungsaktivität konnte durch die zusätzliche Bewegung in Form von Weide oder Führanlage signifikant gesteigert werden. Ein zusätzliches Bewegungsangebot führte bei den Pferden zu einer Abnahme der Stressbelastung und sollte auch den Pferden ermöglicht werden, die in einer Gruppenhaltung gehalten werden, um ihre physische und psychische Gesundheit zu erhalten. [Former studies confirm the necessity of daily movement for the health of a horse. But so far no description could be found in the literature how different movement offerings impact the stress and movement behaviour of horses in group husbandries with close-by discharge. The same holds true for the question whether a discharge husbandry system can meet the movement requirements of horses if there isn�t any additional movement possibility. The aim of the present study was to examine different movement offerings, their effects on the movement activities of horses in a group horse husbandry with close-by discharge and the impact of the movement on the wellbeing of the animals. The heart rate variability and the concentration of the cortisol metabolites in the horse excrement were analyzed for detecting the wellbeing of the horses. Additionally ALT-Pedometers were used for determining the movement activity. A single and a group husbandry system, each with closeby discharge, were compared when horses had no additional movement outside the stable. In three further variants the group husbandry was supplemented with daily time on a non-grassy pasture land, a pasture or in a horse walker. Pasture or horse walker increased movement activity significantly. Nevertheless an additional movement offering resulted in a lower stress load of the horses and should also be allowed to horses in group husbandry systems to ensure the horse�s physical and mental health.] |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5661 | ||
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Author | Gibbs, P.G.; Cohen, N.D. | ||||
Title | Early management of race-bred weanlings and yearlings on farms | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2001 | Publication | Journal of Equine Veterinary Science | Abbreviated Journal | J. Equine Vet. Sci. |
Volume | 21 | Issue | 6 | Pages | 279-283 |
Keywords | Equine, management, growth, nutrition, marketing | ||||
Abstract | A total of 58 Thoroughbred and Quarter Horse farms that managed 1,987 weanlings and yearlings responded to a survey designed to better characterize early management of racing prospects. Average age at weaning was 5.5 months and over half of all farms kept almost three-fourths of all weanlings to be placed in pre-race training. Variation in feeding practices was evident and while well over half of all farms provided balanced nutrient supply to young horses, 20% to 40% likely fed unbalanced diets. An obvious preference existed for semi-confinement in young horses with plenty of free exercise. The majority of farms reported that young prospects were fed and managed for a moderate rate of growth. Forced exercise occurred to a much larger extent with yearlings than weanlings and 40% of farms described the footing as soft, but not deep. Response to the prevalence of developmental orthopedic diseases appeared somewhat guarded, and average injury rate was low on farms that attributed much of injury to horses playing too hard. Technological advancements such as photoperiod manipulation in broodmares were widely used, while valuable tools such as body condition scoring were utilized to a lesser extent. |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5758 | ||
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Author | Töpfer, D.; Wolter, R.; Krueger, K. | ||||
Title | Fallstudie zum Platzangebot, Verhalten und Wohlbefinden der Pferde (Equus caballus) in Mehrraum-Außenlaufställen mit Aus-lauf und Bewegungsställen [A case study to space, behavior and well-being of horses (Equus caballus) in open stables and open active stables] | Type | Manuscript | ||
Year | 2014 | Publication | KTBL Schriften | Abbreviated Journal | |
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Abstract | Verhaltensbeobachtungen erfolgten an 112 Pferden in Mehrraum-Außenlaufställen mit Auslauf und Bewegungsställen. Bei vermehrtem Platzangebot sinkt das agonistische Verhalten in Bewegungsställen außerhalb des Fressbereiches. Mit zunehmender Stallgröße (überdachte Fläche und Auslauf) steigt in beiden Haltungsverfahren das affiliative Verhalten während das agonistische Verhalten mit Verletzungsrisiko sinkt. Daher wird für beide Haltungsverfahren ein möglichst großzügiger Stall je Pferd empfohlen. Die beobachteten Erkrankungen der letzten zwölf Monate zeigen vermehrt Hautkrankheiten in den Mehrraum-Außenlaufställen mit Auslauf, wohingegen Hufgeschwüre in Bewegungsställen auftraten. Wird der Fütterungsaspekt in den Bewegungsställen betrachtet, so ist die Transponderfütterung in Kombination mit ad libitum Fütterung aufgrund des deutlich geringeren, agonistischen Verhaltens beim Fressen, der reinen Transponderfütterung vorzuziehen. Mehrraum-Außenlaufställe mit Auslauf haben den Vorteil der synchronen Nahrungsaufnahme. [The behaviour of 112 horses was observed in open stables and open active stables. Horses show less agonistic behaviour outside of the feeding area in open active stables as the space for each horse is augmented. Also the affiliative behaviour increases as a function of more space per horse while agonistic behaviour with a risk for injury decreases. These results are independent from the husbandry system. Due to this fact a stable with a larger area per horse is recommended. Diseases of the last twelve month were recorded and show skin diseases in open stables and abscesses in the hooves in open active stables. To consider the feeding in open active stables it was found that horses which were fed with hay controlled by transponders showed more agonistic behaviour in contrast to horses being fed using transponders but with access to hay ad libitum. Thus transponder feeding in combination with ad libitum feeding is recommended. Open stables have the advantage of synchronized feeding.] |
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Publisher | KTBL | Place of Publication | Darmstadt | Editor | |
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Series Editor | Series Title | KTBL Schriften | Abbreviated Series Title | ||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 5862 | ||
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Author | Krueger, K. | ||||
Title | Das Pferd im Blickpunkt der Wissenschaft | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Publisher | Xenophon Verlag | Place of Publication | Wald | Editor | |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6009 | ||
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Author | Palme, R.; Touma, C.; Arias,N.; Dominchin, M.F.; Lepschy, M. | ||||
Title | Steroid extraction: Get the best out of faecal samples | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2012 | Publication | Veterinary Medicine Austria | Abbreviated Journal | Vet. Med. Austria |
Volume | 100 | Issue | Pages | 238-246 | |
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Abstract | Faecal steroid hormone metabolites are becoming increasingly popular as parameters for reproductive functions and stress. Theextraction of the steroids from the faecal matrix represents the initial step before quantification can be performed. The steroid metabolites present in the faecal matrix are of varying polarity and composition, so selection of a proper extraction procedure is essential. There have been some studies to address this complex but often neglected point. Radiolabelled steroids (e.g. cortisol or progesterone) have frequently been added to faecal samples to estimate the efficiency of the extraction procedures used. However, native, unmetabolized steroids are normally not present in the faeces and therefore the results are artificial and do not accurately reflect the actual recoveries of the substances of interest. In this respect, recovery experiments based on faecal samples from radiometabolism studies are more informative. In these samples, the metabolite content accurately reflects the mixture of metabolites present in the given species. As a result, it is possible to evaluate different extraction methods for use with faecal samples. We present studies on sheep, horses, pigs, hares and dogs that utilized samples containing naturally metabolized, 14C-labelled steroids. |
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Address | Review, faeces, extrac- tion, non-invasive hormone moni- toring, stress, reproduction. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6046 | ||
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Author | Jafarzadeh A.; Sadeghi M.; Karam G.A.; Vazirinejad R. | ||||
Title | Salivary IgA and IgE levels in healthy subjects: relation to age and gender | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2010 | Publication | Braz. oral res. | Abbreviated Journal | Braz. Oral Res. |
Volume | 24 | Issue | 1 | Pages | 21-27 |
Keywords | Saliva; Immunoglobulin A; Immunoglobulin E; Adult; Child | ||||
Abstract | It has been reported that the immune system undergoes age and gender changes. The aim of this study was to investigate the age- and gender-dependent changes of salivary IgA and IgE levels among healthy subjects. A total of 203 healthy individuals (aged 1-70 years) were enrolled in the study. Two milliliters of saliva were collected from all participants, and salivary IgA and IgE levels were measured by the ELISA technique. Mean salivary IgA levels were significantly higher in subjects aged 11-20 years as compared to subjects aged 1-10 years (P < 0.01). Mean salivary IgA levels increased with age up to the age of 60 years, and then slightly decreased in subjects aged 61-70 years. The frequency of subjects with detectable levels of salivary IgE and mean salivary IgE levels gradually increased with age, with maximum levels being observed in the 31-40 years age group and not changing significantly thereafter. The mean levels of salivary IgA and IgE in adults were significantly higher than those observed in children (P < 0.00001 and P < 0.05, respectively). No significant differences were observed between men and women regarding both salivary immunoglobulins. These results showed age-dependent changes of the salivary IgA and IgE levels. Gender had no effect on the salivary levels of IgA and IgE. | ||||
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6126 | ||
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Author | Gorgasser I.; Tichy A.; Palme R. | ||||
Title | Faecal cortisol metabolites in Quarter Horses during initial training under field conditions[Messung der Kortisolmetaboliten im Pferdekot während der Grundausbildung von 2jährigen Quarter Horses] | Type | Journal Article | ||
Year | 2007 | Publication | Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. – Vet. Med. Austria | Abbreviated Journal | Wien. Tierärztl. Mschr. – Vet. Med. Austria |
Volume | 94 | Issue | Pages | 226 - 230 | |
Keywords | horse, stress, adrenocortical activity, western riding, non-invasive[Pferd, Stress, Nebennierenrindenaktivität, Westernreiten, nicht-invasiv] | ||||
Abstract | The first month of training of a young horse is suspected to be stressful, but the endocrine responses to initial training are unknown. Therefore in our study a total of 40 Quarter Horses (QH), all at the age of almost 2 years, were followed during the first 30 days of their training. During this time faecal samples were collected twice daily and faecal cortisol metabolites (FCM) were measured. Baseline values of FCM ranged between 1.3 and 20.1 (median: 6.7) ng/g faeces. No differences in FCM values between days of training were found. Mares showed the highest values. Significant diurnal variations were observed in mares (p=0.035) and stallions (p=0.003), but not in geldings (p=0.282). As in this study adrenocortical activity was not increased during initial training, horses seem to cope very well with this new situation. The results of our large-scale study provide basic physiological data about initial training. This gives additional input in an emotional debate about animal welfare aspects of first time handling and training of horses. Abbreviations: 11,17-DOA = 11,17-dioxoandrostanes; EIA = Enyzme Immunoassay; FCM = faecal cortisol metabolites; GC = glucocorticoids; HPA-axis = hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical-axis; QH = Quarter Horses [Das Einreiten eines jungen Pferdes steht unter Verdacht belastend zu sein. Bisher gibt es aber keine Veröffentlichungen über endokrine Vorgänge während dieser Phase. Mit der vorliegenden Studie wurde überprüft, ob Pferde aufgrund physischer und psychischer Belastungen während des Trainings höhere Konzentrationen an Kortisolmetaboliten im Kot (FCM) aufweisen. Es wurden dazu 40 Quarter Horses im Alter von 2 Jahren während der ersten 30 Tage der Grundausbildung des Westernreitens beobachtet und ihre FCM Werte gemessen. Während dieser Zeitspanne wurden täglich morgens und abends Kotproben der Pferde genommen. Die Basalwerte der FCM Konzentration variierten zwischen 1,3 und 20,1 (Median: 6,7) ng/g Kot, wobei Stuten die höchsten Werte hatten. Signifikante Unterschiede während der einzelnen Trainingstage konnten nicht festgestellt werden. In der Tagesrhythmik wurden signifikante Unterschiede bei Stuten (p=0,035) und bei Hengsten (p=0,003), jedoch nicht bei Wallachen (p=0,282) ermittelt. In dieser Studie konnte keine erhöhte Aktivität der Nebennierenrinde im Verlauf der Grundausbildung eines Pferdes im Westernreitstil festgestellt werden. Das legt nahe, dass Pferde mit dieser neuen, zeitlich kurz andauernden Situationen gut zurechtkommen. Unsere Studie wurde an einer großen Anzahl von Tieren unter Feldbedingungen durchgeführt. Sie bietet daher eine gute Datenbasis über Belastungen während des Einreitens. Damit liefert sie einen zusätzlichen Beitrag zu einer mitunter emotional geführten Debatte über tierschutzrelevante Aspekte bei der Grundausbildung von Pferden.] |
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Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6125 | ||
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Author | McGreevy, P. | ||||
Title | Equine Behavior A Guide for Veterinarians and Equine Scientists | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 2012 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
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Abstract | Chapter 1 – Introduction, Pages 1-36 Chapter 2 – Perception, Pages 37-54 Chapter 3 – Behavior and the brain, Pages 55-84, Caroline Hahn Chapter 4 – Learning, Pages 85-118 Chapter 5 – Social behavior, Pages 119-150 Chapter 6 – Communication, Pages 151-163 Chapter 7 – Locomotory behavior, Pages 165-187 Chapter 8 – Ingestive behavior, Pages 189-215 Chapter 9 – Eliminative behavior, Pages 217-221 Chapter 10 – Body care, Pages 223-243 Chapter 11 – Behavior of the stallion, Pages 245-264 Chapter 12 – Behavior of the mare, Pages 265-290 Chapter 13 – Training, Pages 291-311, Andrew McLean, Paul McGreevy Chapter 14 – Handling and transport, Pages 313-329 Chapter 15 – Miscellaneous unwelcome behaviors, their causes and resolution, Pages 331-345 Further reading, Page 347 Glossary, Pages 351-356 Index, Pages 357-369 |
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ISSN | ISBN | 978-0-7020-2634-8 | Medium | ||
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Notes | Approved | no | |||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6154 | ||
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Author | McDonnell, S. | ||||
Title | Understanding horse behavior. Your guide to horse health care and management | Type | Book Whole | ||
Year | 1999 | Publication | Abbreviated Journal | ||
Volume | Issue | Pages | 99 pp. | ||
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Abstract | The author has conducted much research on equine behaviour, and here presents her findings in a form suitable for owners of horses. Common behavioural problems are mentioned. | ||||
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Publisher | Blood-Horse Inc. | Place of Publication | Lexington, KY 40544-4038 | Editor | |
Language | English | Summary Language | Original Title | ||
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ISSN | ISBN | 1581500173 | Medium | ||
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Notes | Author Affiliation: School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA. | Approved | no | ||
Call Number | Equine Behaviour @ team @ | Serial | 6155 | ||
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