| Records |
| Author |
Berger, J. |
| Title |
Organizational systems and dominance in feral horses in the Grand Canyon |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
| Volume |
2 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
131-146 |
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| Abstract |
1. Several aspects of the behavioral ecology of feral horses (Equus caballus) were studied in Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. Most bands contained three to five horses that included one stallion and his harem. Males that did not obtain a harem remained solitary. Throughout the study bands remained stable in composition.
2. Home ranges for all bands decreased in size in successive warm months, probably due to increased ambient temperature and drought. This resulted in greater utilization of spring areas that led to increased interband confrontation and agonistic display.
3. Territoriality was not observed in individual horses or bands, but bands hierarchial in both inter- and intraband structures. Interband stallion dominance was reinforced through posturing and fighting. Intraband hierarchies, as determined by dominance coefficients, were independent of individual size in three of four bands.
4. Indexes of nervousness (NER), calculated while horses were drinking, showed that stallions were less nervous than mares. A low NER was correlated with individuals leading toward drinking areas, whereas a high NER existed in individuals initiating flight although no single horse acted consistently as a leader.
5. Diurnal activity patterns were correlated with ambient temperatures. |
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no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
748 |
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| Author |
Bard Jbl, |
| Title |
A unity underlying the different zebra stripping patterns |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Zool Lond |
| Volume |
183 |
Issue |
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Pages |
527-539 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Serial |
923 |
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| Author |
Francis-Smith, K.; Wood-Gush, D.G.M. |
| Title |
Copropgagia as seen in thoroughbred foals |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J |
| Volume |
9 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
155-157 |
| Keywords |
animal; article; coprophagy; defecation; eating; female; horse; horse disease; human; mastication |
| Abstract |
Four Thoroughbred foals were seen to quickly eat part of the faeces deposited by their own dams on some 40 per cent of the mare-defaecating occasions observed between the second and fifth week after birth. They did not do it before or after this period. This behaviour was thought to be a feeding pattern which formed a normal part of the foal's development. |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Serial |
1090 |
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| Author |
HANSEN et al, |
| Title |
Foods of wild horses, deer and cattle in the Douglas Mountain Area, Colorado |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Range Mgmt |
| Volume |
30 |
Issue |
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Pages |
116-118 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Serial |
1158 |
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| Author |
Klingel H, |
| Title |
Observations on Social Organization and Behaviour of African and Asiatic Wild Asses (Equus africanus and E. hemionus) |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z. Tierpsychol. |
| Volume |
44 |
Issue |
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Pages |
323-331 |
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| Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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Serial |
1309 |
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| Author |
Klingel H, |
| Title |
Eine feine Gesellschaft. |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
GEo |
Abbreviated Journal |
GEo |
| Volume |
10 |
Issue |
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Pages |
106-120 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
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Serial |
1310 |
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| Author |
Ödberg Fo, |
| Title |
Studies on the formation of ungrazed eleminative areas in fields used by horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Appl Anim Ethol |
| Volume |
3 |
Issue |
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Pages |
27-34 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
Approved |
no |
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Serial |
1429 |
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| Author |
Monfort, A.; Monfort, N |
| Title |
Observation of a melanistic zebra (Equus burchelli) in the Akagera |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
E. Afr. Wildl |
Abbreviated Journal |
E. Afr. Wildl |
| Volume |
15 |
Issue |
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Pages |
173 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2389 |
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| Author |
Alexander, F. |
| Title |
The effect of diuretics on the faecal excretion of water and electrolytes in horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
British journal of pharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Br J Pharmacol |
| Volume |
60 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
589-593 |
| Keywords |
Animals; Body Water/*metabolism; Chlorides/metabolism; Electrolytes/*metabolism; Feces/*analysis; Furosemide/*pharmacology; Horses; Hydrochlorothiazide/*pharmacology; Male; Potassium/metabolism; Sodium/metabolism; Time Factors |
| Abstract |
1. The effect on plasma, urinary and faecal electrolytes of frusemide and hydrochlorthiazide was measured in ponies, mean weight 180 kg. 2. The rapid loss in urine of large quantities of sodium had only a small effect on plasma sodium concentration. 3. Faecal sodium excretion was increased substantially after the administration of frusemide. 4. Frusemide increased faecal potassium during the 48 h following administration and faecal water in the 24/48 h period. It also produced a hypopotassaemia. 5. Hydrochlorthiazide increased faecal chloride during the 24 h after administration. 6. Frusemide increased the intestinal transit time of both liquid (polyethylene glycol) and particulate (Cr2O3) markers. |
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English |
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0007-1188 |
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| Notes |
PMID:907872 |
Approved |
no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
111 |
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| Author |
Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Wiesner, L.; Kenney, R.M.; Ganjam, V.K.; Turner, J.W. |
| Title |
Seasonal variation in plasma androgens and testosterone in the North American wild horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
| Year |
1977 |
Publication |
The Journal of endocrinology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Endocrinol |
| Volume |
72 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
237-238 |
| Keywords |
Androgens/*blood; Animals; Horses/*blood; Male; *Seasons; Testosterone/*blood |
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English |
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0022-0795 |
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PMID:845536 |
Approved |
no |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
148 |
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