Records |
Author |
Dugatkin, L.A. |
Title |
Tit for Tat, by-product mutualism and predator inspection: a reply to Connor |
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Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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51 |
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2 |
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455-457 |
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487 |
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Author |
Dugatkin, L.A.; Bekoff, M. |
Title |
Play and the evolution of fairness: a game theory model |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2003 |
Publication |
Behavioural Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Process. |
Volume |
60 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
209-214 |
Keywords |
Play; Fairness; Game theory |
Abstract |
Bekoff [J. Consci. Stud. 8 (2001) 81] argued that mammalian social play is a useful behavioral phenotype on which to concentrate in order to learn more about the evolution of fairness. Here, we build a game theoretical model designed to formalize some of the ideas laid out by Bekoff, and to examine whether `fair' strategies can in fact be evolutionarily stable. The models we present examine fairness at two different developmental stages during an individual's ontogeny, and hence we create four strategies--fair at time 1/fair at time 2, not fair at time 1/not fair at time 2, fair at time 1/not fair at time 2, not fair at time 1/fair at time 2. Our results suggest that when considering species where fairness can be expressed during two different developmental stages, acting fairly should be more common than never acting fairly. In addition, when no one strategy was evolutionarily stable, we found that all four strategies we model can coexist at evolutionary equilibrium. Even in the absence of an overwhelming database from which to test our model, the general predictions we make have significant implications for the evolution of fairness. |
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488 |
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Author |
Hare, J.F. |
Title |
Lee Alan Dugatkin, Principles of Animal Behavior, Norton, New York (2004) Pp. xx+596. Price $80.00 |
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Journal Article |
Year |
2005 |
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Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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69 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
247-248 |
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489 |
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Godin, J.-G.J.; Herdman, E.J.E.; Dugatkin, L.A. |
Title |
Social influences on female mate choice in the guppy, Poecilia reticulata: generalized and repeatable trait-copying behaviour |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
Volume |
69 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
999-1005 |
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In vertebrates, the mating preferences of individual females can be flexible and the probability of a female mating with a particular male can be significantly increased by her having previously observed another conspecific female affiliate and mate with that same male. In theory, such mate-choice-copying behaviour has potentially important consequences for both the genetic and social (`cultural') transmission of female mating preferences. For copying to result in the `cultural inheritance' of mating preferences, individual females must not only copy the mate choice decisions of other females but they also should tend to repeat this type of behaviour (i.e. make similar mating decisions) subsequently and to generalize their socially induced preference for a particular male to other males that share his distinctive characteristics. Here, we show experimentally that individual female guppies, Poecilia reticulata, not only copy the observed mating preferences of other females for particular males, but that the preference now assumed via copying is subsequently repeated and generalized to other males of a similar colour phenotype. These results provide empirical evidence for social enhancement of female preference for particular phenotypic traits of chosen males rather than for the particular males possessing those traits, and thus have important implications for our understanding of the role of social learning in the evolution of female mating preferences and of male epigamic traits. |
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490 |
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Author |
Godin, J.-G.J.; Dugatkin, L.A. |
Title |
Variability and repeatability of female mating preference in the guppy |
Type ![sorted by Type field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
Journal Article |
Year |
1995 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
Volume |
49 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
1427-1433 |
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Models of inter-sexual selection generally assume heritable variation in mating preferences among females within populations. However, little is known about the nature of such variation. The aim of this study was to characterize quantitatively the phenotypic variation in female preference for a sexually selected male trait, body colour pattern, within a population of the Trinidadian guppy, Poecilia reticulata. Significantly more female guppies preferred the more brightly coloured of two similar-sized males presented simultaneously as potential mates. Mating preference scores for individual females were significantly and positively correlated between two repeated trials on successive days. Females were thus individually consistent in their particular choice of mates, and the calculated repeatability of their mating preference was relatively high. Notwithstanding the aforementioned, significant variation existed among females in the degree of their preference for brightly coloured males. Individual mating preference scores were not normally distributed, but were rather skewed to the right (i.e. towards greater values). These results suggest that additive genetic variation for mating preferences based on male colour pattern is maintained, and the opportunity for the further evolution of both bright male colour patterns and female preference for this trait appears to exist in the study population from the Quare River, Trinidad. |
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492 |
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Author |
Naguib, M.; Amrhein, V.; Kunc, H.P. |
Title |
Effects of territorial intrusions on eavesdropping neighbors: communication networks in nightingales |
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Year |
2004 |
Publication |
Behavioral Ecology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. |
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15 |
Issue |
6 |
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1011-1015 |
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Animal communication often occurs in communication networks in which multiple signalers and receivers are within signaling range of each other. In such networks, individuals can obtain information on the quality and motivation of territorial neighbors by eavesdropping on their signaling interactions. In songbirds, extracting information from interactions involving neighbors is thought to be an important factor in the evolution of strategies of territory defense. In a playback experiment with radio-tagged nightingales Luscinia megarhynchos we here demonstrate that territorial males use their familiar neighbors' performance in a vocal interaction with an unfamiliar intruder as a standard for their own response. Males were attracted by a vocal interaction between their neighbor and a simulated stranger and intruded into the neighbor's territory. The more intensely the neighbor had interacted with playback, the earlier the intrusions were made, indicating that males eavesdropped on the vocal contest involving a neighbor. However, males never intruded when we had simulated by a second playback that the intruder had retreated and sang outside the neighbor's territory. These results suggest that territorial males use their neighbors' singing behavior as an early warning system when territorial integrity is threatened. Simultaneous responses by neighboring males towards unfamiliar rivals are likely to be beneficial to the individuals in maintaining territorial integrity. |
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10.1093/beheco/arh108 |
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499 |
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Marinier, S.L.; Alexander, A.J.; Waring, G.H. |
Title |
Flehmen behaviour in the domestic horse: Discrimination of conspecific odours |
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Year |
1988 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
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19 |
Issue |
3-4 |
Pages |
227-237 |
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American Saddlebred horses were used to test the responses of domestic horses to the odours of conspecifics. In all cases the odours were tested in the absence of the donor animal. Thus the test animal's behavioural responses were concentrated on the olfactory stimuli, and possible interference from donor behaviour was eliminated. Stallions were significantly more responsive than mares and geldings. This was shown in both flehmen and sniffing behaviour to urine/vaginal secretions and in sniffing behaviour to faecal samples. Only stallions were used for subsequent tests. Stallions showed no significant differences in response to the odour of urine/vaginal secretions of an oestrus mare from that when she was not in season. Parameters used for analysis of data were frequency, latency and duration of flehmen as well as duration of responsiveness to samples. In testing for differences in odours between individual mares, two methods were used. The stallions differentiated between samples from individual mares. In some cases this differentiation was exhibited when the stallions were merely presented with the two samples in sequence. In other cases statistically significant differences in response to the odours were shown only by simultaneous presentation of the two samples to the test stallion. Parameters used for data analysis were frequency and duration of flehmen and duration of responsiveness. |
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507 |
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Author |
Feh, C. |
Title |
Alliances between stallions are more than just multimale groups: reply to Linklater & Cameron (2000) |
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Year |
2001 |
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Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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61 |
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F27-F30 |
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513 |
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Author |
WAYNE L. LINKLATER & ELISSA Z. CAMERON |
Title |
Distinguishing cooperation from cohabitation: the feral horse case |
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2000 |
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Animal Behaviour. |
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Anim. Behav. |
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59 |
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F17-F21 |
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514 |
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Author |
Rutberg, A.T.; Keiper, R.R. |
Title |
Proximate causes of natal dispersal in feral ponies: some sex differences |
Type ![sorted by Type field, ascending order (up)](img/sort_asc.gif) |
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1993 |
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Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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46 |
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5 |
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969-975 |
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Abstract. Fifteen years of data on natal dispersal age and the context of dispersal for the feral ponies of Assateague Island, Maryland are presented. Ninety-seven per cent of males and 81% of females dispersed from their natal groups by 5 years of age. For animals that left their natal group, average age of dispersal was 20[middle dot]8 months for males and 24[middle dot]6 months for females. Male dispersal age was strongly and significantly correlated with number of peers in the natal group, and males dispersing with peers were significantly older than males dispersing without peers, suggesting that males delayed dispersal when peers were available for interaction. Female dispersal age was not influenced by number of peers, but was correlated with age of first reproduction. Factors not influencing dispersal age in either sex were presence of a younger sibling, maternal band transfers, and maternal age and dominance rank. The relatively high frequency of females failing to disperse from their natal groups is puzzling in light of data showing diminished fecundity in non-dispersing pony mares. |
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518 |
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