Records |
Author |
Mejdell, C.M.; Buvik, T.; Jørgensen, G.H.M.; Bøe, K.E. |
Title |
Horses can learn to use symbols to communicate their preferences |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume |
184 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
66-73 |
Keywords |
Operant conditioning; Blanket; Rug; Thermoregulation; Cognition; Clicker training |
Abstract |
This paper describes a method in which horses learn to communicate by touching different neutral visual symbols, in order to tell the handler whether they want to have a blanket on or not. Horses were trained for 10-15min per day, following a training program comprising ten steps in a strategic order. Reward based operant conditioning was used to teach horses to approach and touch a board, and to understand the meaning of three different symbols. Heat and cold challenges were performed to help learning and to check level of understanding. At certain stages, a learning criterion of correct responses for 8-14 successive trials had to be achieved before proceeding. After introducing the free choice situation, on average at training day 11, the horse could choose between a “no change” symbol and the symbol for either “blanket on” or “blanket off” depending on whether the horse already wore a blanket or not. A cut off point for performance or non-performance was set to day 14, and 23/23 horses successfully learned the task within this limit. Horses of warm-blood type needed fewer training days to reach criterion than cold-bloods (P<0.05). Horses were then tested under differing weather conditions. Results show that choices made, i.e. the symbol touched, was not random but dependent on weather. Horses chose to stay without a blanket in nice weather, and they chose to have a blanket on when the weather was wet, windy and cold (χ2=36.67, P<0.005). This indicates that horses both had an understanding of the consequence of their choice on own thermal comfort, and that they successfully had learned to communicate their preference by using the symbols. The method represents a novel tool for studying preferences in horses. |
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0168-1591 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6617 |
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Author |
Mejdell, C.M.; Buvik, T.; Jørgensen, G.H.M.; Bøe, K.E. |
Title |
Horses can learn to use symbols to communicate their preferences |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2016 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
Volume |
184 |
Issue |
|
Pages |
66-73 |
Keywords |
Operant conditioning; Blanket; Rug; Thermoregulation; Cognition; Clicker training |
Abstract |
This paper describes a method in which horses learn to communicate by touching different neutral visual symbols, in order to tell the handler whether they want to have a blanket on or not. Horses were trained for 10-15min per day, following a training program comprising ten steps in a strategic order. Reward based operant conditioning was used to teach horses to approach and touch a board, and to understand the meaning of three different symbols. Heat and cold challenges were performed to help learning and to check level of understanding. At certain stages, a learning criterion of correct responses for 8-14 successive trials had to be achieved before proceeding. After introducing the free choice situation, on average at training day 11, the horse could choose between a “no change” symbol and the symbol for either “blanket on” or “blanket off” depending on whether the horse already wore a blanket or not. A cut off point for performance or non-performance was set to day 14, and 23/23 horses successfully learned the task within this limit. Horses of warm-blood type needed fewer training days to reach criterion than cold-bloods (P<0.05). Horses were then tested under differing weather conditions. Results show that choices made, i.e. the symbol touched, was not random but dependent on weather. Horses chose to stay without a blanket in nice weather, and they chose to have a blanket on when the weather was wet, windy and cold (χ2=36.67, P<0.005). This indicates that horses both had an understanding of the consequence of their choice on own thermal comfort, and that they successfully had learned to communicate their preference by using the symbols. The method represents a novel tool for studying preferences in horses. |
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0168-1591 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6651 |
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Author |
McGonigle, B. |
Title |
Can apes learn to count? |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Nature |
Abbreviated Journal |
Nature |
Volume |
315 |
Issue |
6014 |
Pages |
16-17 |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior, Animal/physiology; Cognition; Pan troglodytes/*physiology |
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0028-0836 |
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Notes |
PMID:3990806 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2794 |
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Author |
Cohen, J. |
Title |
Animal behavior. The world through a chimp's eyes |
Type |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
316 |
Issue |
5821 |
Pages |
44-45 |
Keywords |
Animal Communication; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cognition; Cooperative Behavior; Culture; Memory; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; Social Behavior; Tool Use Behavior |
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ISSN |
1095-9203 |
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Notes |
PMID:17412932 |
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no |
Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2832 |
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Author |
Morell, V. |
Title |
Nicola Clayton profile. Nicky and the jays |
Type |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
315 |
Issue |
5815 |
Pages |
1074-1075 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Cognition; England; History, 20th Century; History, 21st Century; Intelligence; Memory; Passeriformes/*physiology; Portraits |
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1095-9203 |
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PMID:17322042 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2833 |
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Author |
Pennisi, E. |
Title |
Animal cognition. Man's best friend(s) reveal the possible roots of social intelligence |
Type |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
312 |
Issue |
5781 |
Pages |
1737 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Cognition; Comprehension; Cooperative Behavior; Cues; Dogs/*psychology; *Evolution; *Intelligence; *Social Behavior |
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1095-9203 |
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PMID:16794056 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2835 |
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Author |
Pennisi, E. |
Title |
Animal cognition. Social animals prove their smarts |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
312 |
Issue |
5781 |
Pages |
1734-1738 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; *Birds; *Cognition; Comprehension; Cues; Food; Hominidae/*psychology; *Intelligence; Learning; Memory; *Social Behavior |
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1095-9203 |
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PMID:16794055 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2836 |
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Author |
Pennisi, E. |
Title |
Schizophrenia clues from monkeys |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
277 |
Issue |
5328 |
Pages |
900 |
Keywords |
Animals; Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology; Behavior, Animal/drug effects; *Cercopithecus aethiops; Clozapine/pharmacology; Cognition/drug effects; *Disease Models, Animal; Dopamine/*metabolism; Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists/pharmacology; Memory/drug effects; Phencyclidine/*pharmacology; Prefrontal Cortex/*metabolism; Schizophrenia/chemically induced/drug therapy/*metabolism; Schizophrenic Psychology |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:9281070 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2844 |
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Author |
Williams, N. |
Title |
Evolutionary psychologists look for roots of cognition |
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Year |
1997 |
Publication |
Science (New York, N.Y.) |
Abbreviated Journal |
Science |
Volume |
275 |
Issue |
5296 |
Pages |
29-30 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Birds; *Cognition; *Evolution; Female; Humans; Macaca mulatta/psychology; Male; Memory; Reward; *Social Sciences |
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0036-8075 |
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PMID:8999531 |
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no |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2845 |
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Author |
Scheibe, K.M.; Gromann, C. |
Title |
Application testing of a new three-dimensional acceleration measuring system with wireless data transfer (WAS) for behavior analysis |
Type |
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Year |
2006 |
Publication |
Behavior research methods |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Res Methods |
Volume |
38 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
427-433 |
Keywords |
Acceleration; Animals; *Behavior, Animal; Cattle; Cattle Diseases/*diagnosis; Computer Communication Networks/*instrumentation; Forelimb/physiopathology; Fractals; Hindlimb/physiopathology; Horse Diseases/*diagnosis; Horses; Imaging, Three-Dimensional/instrumentation/methods/veterinary; Lameness, Animal/*diagnosis; Monitoring, Ambulatory/instrumentation/*methods; Motor Activity; Movement; Pattern Recognition, Automated/methods |
Abstract |
A wireless acceleration measurement system was applied to free-moving cows and horses. Sensors were available as a collar and a flat box for measuring leg or trunk movements. Results were transmitted simultaneously by radio or stored in an 8-MB internal memory. As analytical procedures, frequency distributions with standard deviations, spectral analyses, and fractal analyses were applied. Bymeans of the collar sensor, basic behavior patterns (standing, grazing, walking, ruminating, drinking, and hay uptake) could be identified in cows. Lameness could be detected in cows and horses by means of the leg sensor. The portion of basic and harmonic spectral components was reduced; the fractal dimension was reduced. The system can be used for the detection and analysis of even small movements of free-moving humans or animals over several hours. It is convenient for the analysis of basic behaviors, emotional reactions, or events causing flight or fright or for comparing different housing elements, such as floors or fences. |
Address |
Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research, Berlin, Germany. kscheibe@izw-berlin.de |
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ISSN |
1554-351X |
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PMID:17186752 |
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no |
Call Number |
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Serial |
1775 |
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