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Author |
Kerth, G. |
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Title |
Group decision-making in animal societies |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2010 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour: Evolution and Mechanisms |
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241-265 |
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Keywords |
Life Sciences |
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Abstract |
Individuals need to coordinate their activities to benefit from group living. Thus group decisions are essential for societies, especially if group members cooperate with each other. Models show that shared (democratic) decisions outperform unshared (despotic) decisions, even if individuals disagree about actions. This is surprising as in most other contexts, differences in individual preferences lead to sex-, age-, or kin-specific behaviour. Empirical studies testing the predictions of the theoretical models have only recently begun to emerge. This applies particularly to group decisions in fission-fusion societies, where individuals can avoid decisions that are not in their interest. After outlining the basic ideas and theoretical models on group decision-making I focus on the available empirical studies. Originally most of the relevant studies have been on social insects and fish but recently an increasing number of studies on mammals and birds have been published, including some that deal with wild long-lived animals living in complex societies. This includes societies where group members have different interests, as in most mammals, and which have been less studied compared to eusocial insects that normally have no conflict among their colony members about what to do. I investigate whether the same decision rules apply in societies with conflict and without conflict, and outline open questions that remain to be studied. The chapter concludes with a synthesis on what is known about group decision-making in animals and an outlook on what I think should be done to answer the open questions. |
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Springer Berlin Heidelberg |
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Kappeler, P. |
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978-3-642-02624-9 |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
5381 |
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Author |
Parrish, J. K.; Viscido, S. V. |
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Title |
Traffic rules of fish schools: A review of agent-based approaches. |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Self-organisation and the evolution of social behaviour. |
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50-80 |
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Cambridge University Press |
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Cambridge |
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C. K. Hemelrijk |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5419 |
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Author |
Boyd, L.; Keiper, R. |
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Title |
Behavioural ecology of feral horses |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
2005 |
Publication |
The domestic horse: the origins, development, and management of its behaviour |
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Cambridge University Press |
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Cambridge |
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Mills, D. S.; McDonnell S. M. |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5439 |
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Author |
Goodall, J. |
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Title |
Cultural elements in a chimpanzee community. |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1973 |
Publication |
Precultural primate behaviour |
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1 |
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144-184 |
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Karger |
Place of Publication |
Basel |
Editor |
Menzel, E. W. |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5601 |
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Author |
Clutton-Brock, J. |
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Title |
Origins of the dog: domestication and early history |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1995 |
Publication |
The Domestic Dog: Its Evolution, Behaviour and Interactions with People |
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Cambridge University Press |
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Cambridge |
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Serpell, J.A. |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ Clutton-Brock1995 |
Serial |
6247 |
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Author |
Byrne R.W. |
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Title |
The evolution of intelligence |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1994 |
Publication |
Behaviour and Evolution |
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223-265 |
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Cambridge University Press |
Place of Publication |
Cambridge,UK |
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P.J.B. Slater and T.R. Halliday |
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no |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
6566 |
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Author |
HAFEZ, E.S.E.; WILLIAMS, M.; WIERZBOWSKI, S. |
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Title |
The Behaviour of Horses. |
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Book Whole |
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Year |
1962 |
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In: Hafez. ESE: The Behaviour of Domestic Animals London |
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370-396 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1156 |
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Author |
Lieberman, D. |
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1993 |
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Learning, Behaviour and Cognition, 2nd Ed. |
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Cited By (since 1996): 8; Export Date: 21 October 2008 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4525 |
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Author |
Mills, D.S.; Nankervis, K.J. |
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Book Whole |
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1999 |
Publication |
Equine Behaviour: Principles and Practice |
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Cited By (since 1996): 26; Export Date: 21 October 2008 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
4533 |
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Author |
Gorecka, A.; Golonka, M.; Chruszczewski, M.; Jezierski, T. |
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Title |
A note on behaviour and heart rate in horses differing in facial hair whorl |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
2007 |
Publication |
Applied Animal Behaviour Science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci. |
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105 |
Issue |
1-3 |
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244-248 |
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Keywords |
Horse; Hair whorls; Behavioural tests; Reactivity; Heart rate |
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Abstract |
The relationship between facial hair whorl position and reactivity, as assessed by behavioural measures (handling score = HS; startle reaction to a suddenly appearing novel object = SR; latency to touch a novel object = LNO) and heart rate measures (mean HR; increase in heart rate = IHR) were studied using 55 Konik horses reared either under conventional stable conditions or in the forest reserve. Horses were classified into four groups according to the whorl position and/or shape: (1) high, single whorl above the top eye line, n = 9; (2) medium, single whorl between the top and the bottom eye line, n = 30; (3) low, single whorl below the bottom eye line, n = 10; and (4) elongated or double whorl, n = 6. Horses with a high whorl position demonstrated a lesser degree of manageability as expressed by a lower HS compared to individuals with medium (P = 0.002) or low whorl positions (P = 0.016). Horses with different whorl positions did not differ significantly in their startle response to a suddenly appearing novel object (P = 0.685). The horses with an elongated or double whorl, which appeared only in the forest group, took significantly longer to approach the novel object than horses with medium (P = 0.006) or low (P = 0.005) whorl positions. No significant differences in mean HR and IHR between groups (HR: P = 0.629 and IHR: P = 0.214) were found. In conclusion, this study supports the relationship between the position of the hair whorl on the horses' head and their manageability during handling, as well as the latency to approach an unknown object. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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460 |
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