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Author Cerasoli, F.; Podaliri Vulpiani, M.; Saluti, G.; Conte, A.; Ricci, M.; Savini, G.; D'Alterio, N. doi  openurl
  Title Assessment of Welfare in Groups of Horses with Different Management, Environments and Activities by Measuring Cortisol in Horsehair, Using Liquid Chromatography Coupled to Hybrid Orbitrap High-Resolution Mass Spectrometry Type (up)
  Year 2022 Publication Animals Abbreviated Journal Animals  
  Volume 12 Issue 14 Pages  
  Keywords cortisol; animal welfare; horse; Lc-Hrms/Ms  
  Abstract Horses have always been animals used for companionship, work, transportation, and performance purposes over the history of humanity; there are different ways of managing horses, but studies on how horse welfare is influenced by different activities and managements are scanty. Understanding how the management, the environment, and the different uses of horses can affect the level of stress and well-being is important not only for people associated with horses. Three groups of horses with different management, environments, and activities were selected: (1) stabled horses ridden frequently, (2) horses that perform public order service under the Italian state police, and (3) free-ranging horses. Cortisol analysis was carried out on horsehair samples using liquid chromatography coupled to hybrid orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS/MS), a laboratory technique used for the first time to quantify horsehair cortisol. The selection of horses to be included in the three groups was carried out by including only subjects with positive welfare assessment in accordance with the horse welfare assessment protocol (AWIN). These analyses demonstrated that the cortisol levels detected in the horsehair of free-ranging animals were significantly higher compared to those detected in stabled and working horses. These results may have been a consequence of complex environmental, managerial, and behavioral factors, which should be worth further investigation  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title Animals  
  Series Volume 12 Series Issue 14 Edition  
  ISSN 2076-2615 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6674  
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Author Epstein H, openurl 
  Title Descent and origin of the ass Type (up) Book Chapter
  Year 1971 Publication Abbreviated Journal In Epstein: The origin of the domestic animals of Africa. II.  
  Volume Issue Pages 394-398  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1069  
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Author Klingel H, openurl 
  Title Communication in Perissodactyla Type (up) Book Chapter
  Year 1977 Publication Abbreviated Journal in Sebeok TA (ed): How Animals Communicate  
  Volume Issue Pages 715-727,  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1305  
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Author Rossdale Pd, openurl 
  Title Perinatal behaviour int the thoroughbred horse Type (up) Book Chapter
  Year 1968 Publication Abbreviated Journal In: Fox,M.W. (ed.): Abnormal behavior in Animals.  
  Volume Chapt. 15 Issue Pages  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1517  
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Author Rubenstein, D. I. isbn  openurl
  Title The ecology of female social behaviour in horses, zebras and asses Type (up) Book Chapter
  Year 1994 Publication Animal Societies Abbreviated Journal Animal Societies  
  Volume Issue Pages 13-28  
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  Publisher Kyoto University Press Place of Publication Editor Jarman, P.J.;, Rositter, A.  
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  ISSN ISBN 4-87698-014-4 Medium  
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  Notes Approved yes  
  Call Number Serial 1528  
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Author Tembrock G, openurl 
  Title Land mammals Type (up) Book Chapter
  Year 1968 Publication Abbreviated Journal In: Sebeok,T.A.; Animal Communication. London.  
  Volume Issue Pages 338-404  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1643  
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Author WARING GH et al, openurl 
  Title The behaviour of horses Type (up) Book Chapter
  Year Publication Abbreviated Journal In: Behaviour of domestic animals  
  Volume Issue Pages 330-369  
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  Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved no  
  Call Number Serial 1698  
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Author Schwarzenberger, F.; Mostl, E.; Palme, R.; Bamberg, E. url  openurl
  Title Faecal steroid analysis for non-invasive monitoring of reproductive status in farm, wild and zoo animals Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1996 Publication Animal Reproduction Science Abbreviated Journal Animal Reproduction: Research and Practice  
  Volume 42 Issue 1-4 Pages 515-526  
  Keywords Faecal steroids; Non-invasive monitoring; Oestrogens; Progesterone metabolites; Reproductive hormones  
  Abstract Non-invasive faecal oestrogen and progesterone metabolite evaluations are well established approaches for monitoring reproductive function in a variety of mammalian species. The route of excretion of steroid hormone metabolites varies considerably among species, and also between steroids within the same species. Steroid concentrations in faeces exhibit a similar pattern to those in plasma, but have a lag time, which depending upon the species, can be from 12 h to more than 2 days. Faecal steroid metabolites in mammals are mainly unconjugated compounds. Faecal oestrogens consist predominantly of oestrone and/or oestradiol-17α or -17β. Therefore, specific oestrogen antibodies or antibodies against total oestrogens can be used for their determination. Progesterone is metabolised to several 5α- or 5β-reduced pregnanediones and hydroxylated pregnanes prior to its faecal excretion. Therefore, relevant antibodies for their determination show considerable cross-reactivities with several pregnane metabolites, whereas specific progesterone antibodies are less suitable. Faecal oestrogen evaluations have been used as reliable indicators of pregnancy in several ungulate and some primate species. They have also been used to determine the preovulatory period in carnivores, corpus luteum activity in New World primates, and to diagnose cryptorchidism in horses. Faecal progesterone metabolite analysis has been successfully used for monitoring corpus luteum function and pregnancy, abortion, seasonality and treatment therapies in an ever expanding list of species.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 327  
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Author Houpt, K.A. url  doi
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  Title Review of some research areas of applied and theoretical interest in domestic animal behavior Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1980 Publication Applied Animal Ethology Abbreviated Journal Appl. Animal. Ethol.  
  Volume 6 Issue 2 Pages 111-119  
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  Abstract There are numerous areas worthy of study in the field of domestic animal behavior or applied ethology. In this paper a few areas are offerred as particularly worthy of attention. These areas are worthwhile either because they have received little or no study and are of basic interest or because they have application to current problems of livestock production. The study of cat behavior falls in the former category. Neither the food and water sources, the reproductive success rate nor even the social interactions of cats in the large populations found in both rural and urban environments are known. Pigs as a species have already been the subjects of many behavior studies; nevertheless, there are still gaps in our knowledge of the underlying principles of swine behavior. The physiological basis of maternal behavior, for example, has not been studied in swine or in any domestic species. The sensory basis of udder location by the neonatal piglet deserves study also. Some aspects of olfactory and vocal communication of pigs have been studied, but only one of what may be a large number of pheromones of pigs has been chemically identified. The message conveyed by the vocal interactions between adult swine of the same sex is unknown, as is the role of facial and postural expressions in porcine communication. The two major problems of pig behavior under conditions of intensive livestock management are tail biting and reproductive failure. The application of behavioral techniques to these problems might help to attenuate those problems as well as broaden our understanding of normal pig behavior. Horse behavior has also been a relatively neglected field of study. Of particular interest is the significance of the flehmen gesture used by both mares and stallions in a variety of situations. Flehmen may be related to the function of the vomeronasal organ, but both observational and physiological studies should be performed to verify the hypothesis.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 508  
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Author Houpt, K.A.; Law, K.; Martinisi, V. url  doi
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  Title Dominance hierarchies in domestic horses Type (up) Journal Article
  Year 1978 Publication Applied Animal Ethology Abbreviated Journal Appl. Animal. Ethol.  
  Volume 4 Issue 3 Pages 273-283  
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  Abstract Dominance hierarchies were studied in 11 herds of domestic horses and ponies (Equus caballus). A paired feeding test was utilized to establish the dominance--subordination relationship between each pair of animals in a herd. Aggressive actions, threats, bites, kicks and chases were also recorded. In small herds linear hierarchies were formed, but in large herds triangular relationships were observed. Aggression was correlated with dominance rank. Body weight, but not age, appear to affect rank in the equine hierarchy. Juvenile horses were more likely to share feed with each other than were adult horses and were usually subordinate to adult horses. The daughters of a dominant mare were dominant within their own herds.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 682  
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