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von Goldschmidt-Rothschild, V. B., & Tschanz, B. (1978). Soziale Organisation und Verhalten einer Jungtierherde beim Camargue-Pferd. Z. Tierpsychol., 46, 372–400.
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Clayton DA. (1978). Socially facilitated behavior. Q. Rev. Biol., 53, 373.
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Zentall, T. R., & Hogan, D. E. (1978). Same/different concept learning in the pigeon: the effect of negative instances and prior adaptation to transfer stimuli. J Exp Anal Behav, 30(2), 177–186.
Abstract: Pigeons were trained on a matching-to-sample or oddity-from-sample task with shapes (circle and plus). Half of each group was exposed to “negative instance” trials i.e., for matching birds, neither comparison key matched the sample, and for oddity birds both comparison keys matched the sample. When all birds were transferred to a new task involving colors (red and green), nonshifted birds (transferred from matching to matching, or oddity to oddity) performed significantly better than shifted birds (transferred from matching to oddity, or oddity to matching), but only if they had experienced negative instances of the training concept. When all birds were exposed to negative instances of the transfer task and then transferred to a new color task (yellow and blue), dramatic transfer effects were observed. The effect of pre-exposure to the yellow and blue colors, in order to reduce transfer-stimulus novelty, had a minor effect on transfer.
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Shettleworth, S. J. (1978). Reinforcement and the organization of behavior in golden hamsters: Pavlovian conditioning with food and shock unconditioned stimuli. J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process, 4(2), 152–169.
Abstract: The effects of Pavlovian conditioned stimuli (CSs) for food or shock on a variety of behaviors of golden hamsters were observed in three experiments. The aim was to see whether previously reported differences among the behaviors produced by food reinforcement and punishment procedures could be accounted for by differential effects of Pavlovian conditioning on the behaviors. There was some correspondence between the behaviors observed to the CSs and the previously reported effects of instrumental training. However, the Pavlovian conditioned responses (CRs) alone would not have predicted the effects of instrumental training. Moreover, CRs depended to some extent on the context in which training and testing occurred. These findings, together with others in the literature, suggest that the results of Pavlovian conditioning procedures may not unambiguously predict what system of behaviors will be most readily modified by instrumental training with a given reinforcer.
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Herron, M. A., Martin, J. E., & Joyce, J. R. (1978). Quantitative study of the decussating optic axons in the pony, cow, sheep, and pig. Am. J. Vet .Res., 39(7), 1137–9.
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Veeckman J,. (1978). Preliminary studies on the behavioural detection of oestrus in belgian “warmblood” mares with acoustic and tactile stimuli. Appl Anim Ethol, 4, 109–118.
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DIRSCHL HJ et al,. (1978). Preliminary results from an aereal census of livestock and wildlife of Kenya s rangelands.
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Dirschl Hj, W. S. (1978). Population indices and distribution of the Grevy's Zebra in Kenya, 1977. Aerial Survey Rep, 4.
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SchäFer M,. (1978). Pferd. (pp. 214–248).
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Harris, F. (1978). On the Use of Windows for Harmonic Analysis with the Discrete Fourier Transform. Proc IEEE, 66.
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