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Author Pettifor, R.A.
Title (down) The effects of avian mobbing on a potential predator, the European kestrel, Falco tinnunculus Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 39 Issue 5 Pages 821-827
Keywords
Abstract European kestrels were observed being mobbed by other birds on 63 occasions. Eleven species were involved, and in two instances mobs were composed of more than one species. Both flight-hunting and perch-hunting kestrels flew significantly further between their foraging positions when they were mobbed than when they were not mobbed; on average, mobbing resulted in flight-hunting kestrels moving 6[middle dot]8 times, and perch-hunting kestrels 2[middle dot]7 times, the mean distances moved by non-mobbed birds. The mean strike distance of perch-hunting kestrels attempting to capture birds was significantly less than the distance between perches flown by perch-hunting kestrels when mobbed. These data provide quantitative support for the assumption that mobbing causes a predator to vacate its immediate foraging area. The activity of the kestrels also influenced the frequency that they were mobbed, with kestrels that were flight-hunting being mobbed more than expected compared with ones that were perch-hunting. Kestrels were observed being mobbed throughout the year, and there was no discernible difference in their response to mobbing between seasons. These results are discussed in relation to current ideas on the functions of avian mobbing.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4091
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Author BASHORE, T. L.; KEIPER, R.; TURNER ,J. W. JR; KIRKPATRICK J. F.
Title (down) The accuracy of fixed-wing aerial surveys of feral horses on a coastal barrier island Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Journal of coastal research Abbreviated Journal J. coast. res
Volume 6 Issue Pages 53-56
Keywords Accuracy; Airborne methods; Vegetation; Barrier islands; Maryland; Ground methods; United States; North America; America
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0749-0208 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2221
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Author Houpt, K.A.; Zahorik, D.M.; Swartzman-Andert, J.A.
Title (down) Taste aversion learning in horses Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Journal of animal science Abbreviated Journal J. Anim Sci.
Volume 68 Issue 8 Pages 2340-2344
Keywords Animal Feed; Animals; *Avoidance Learning; Feeding Behavior/*psychology; *Food Preferences; Horses/physiology/*psychology; *Taste
Abstract The ability of ponies to learn to avoid a relatively novel food associated with illness was tested in three situations: when illness occurred immediately after consuming a feed; when illness occurred 30 min after consuming a feed; and when illness was contingent upon eating one of three feeds offered simultaneously. Apomorphine was used to produce illness. The feeds associated with illness were corn, alfalfa pellets, sweet feed and a complete pelleted feed. The ponies learned to avoid all the fees except the complete feed when apomorphine injection immediately followed consumption of the feed. However, the ponies did not learn to avoid a feed if apomorphine was delayed 30 min after feed consumption. They could learn to avoid alfalfa pellets, but not corn, when these feeds were presented with the familiar “safe foods,” oats and soybean meal. Ponies apparently are able to learn a taste aversion, but there were constraints on this learning ability. Under the conditions of this study, they did not learn to avoid a food that made them sick long after consumption of the food, and they had more difficulty learning to avoid highly palatable feeds.
Address Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
Corporate Author Thesis
Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language English Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 0021-8812 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes PMID:2401656 Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 41
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Author Byrne, R.W.; Whiten, A.
Title (down) Tactical deception in primates: the 1990 database Type Book Whole
Year 1990 Publication Primate Reports Abbreviated Journal Primate Rep.
Volume 27 Issue Pages 1-101
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Publisher German Primate Center Place of Publication Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6172
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Author Cuthill, I.C.; Kacelnik, A.; Krebs, J.R.; Haccou, P.; Iwasa, Y.
Title (down) Starlings exploiting patches: the effect of recent experience on foraging decisions Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 40 Issue 4 Pages 625-640
Keywords
Abstract Laboratory and field experiments have shown that, as predicted by the marginal value model, starlings, Sturnus vulgaris, stay longer in a food patch when the average travel time between patches is long. A laboratory analogue of a patchy environment was used to investigate how starlings respond to rapidly fluctuating changes in travel time in order to find out the length of experience over which information is integrated. When there was a progressive increase in the amount of work required to obtain successive food items in a patch (experiment 1), birds consistently took more prey after long than after short travel times; travel experience before the most recent had no effect on the number of prey taken. Such behaviour does not maximize the rate of energy intake in this environment. The possibility that this is the result of a simple constraint on crop capacity is rejected as, when successive prey were equally easy to obtain up until a stepwise depletion of the patch (experiment 2), birds took equal numbers of prey per visit after long and short travel times: the rate-maximizing behaviour. A series of models are developed to suggest the possible constraints on optimal behaviour that affect starlings in the type of environment mimicked by experiment 1.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Serial 2118
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Author Ginsberg, J. R; Rubenstein, D. I.
Title (down) Sperm competiton and variation in zebra mating behaviour Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology Abbreviated Journal Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol.
Volume 26 Issue 6 Pages 427-434
Keywords
Abstract Data are presented on the breeding behavior of two zebra species to test whether intra- and interspecific variation in male reproductive behavior and physiology are correlated with differences in female promiscuity. In one species, plains zebra (Equus burchelli) females live in closed membership single male groups and mate monandrously. In the other species, the Grevy's zebra (E. grevyi) females live in groups whose membership is much more temporary. Typically, associations with individual males are brief and mating is polyandrous. However, some females – those having just given birth – reside with one male for long periods, mating monandrously. These differences in female mating behavior generate variability in the potential for sperm competition. We show that behavioral differences in male investment in reproductive activities correlate with the potential for sperm competition. When mating with promiscuous mares, Grevy's zebra stallions made a greater investment in reproductive behavior (calling, mounting, ejaculations) than did stallions of either species when mating with monandrous females. The evolution of large testes size in the Grevy's zebra, when compared to the congeneric plains zebra, horse, and mountain zebra, allows for this increased investment.
Address
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Publisher Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes
Call Number Serial 1113
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Author Byrne, R.W.; Whiten, A.; Henzi, S.P.
Title (down) Social relationships of mountain baboons: Leadership and affiliation in a non-female-bonded monkey Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication American journal of primatology Abbreviated Journal Am. J. Primatol.
Volume 20 Issue 4 Pages 313-329
Keywords relationships; one-male groups; female-bonding; spacing; support; Papio ursinus; Papio hamadryas
Abstract Abstract 10.1002/ajp.1350200409.abs Instead of close and differentiated relationships among adult females, the accepted norm for savanna baboons, groups of Drakensberg mountain baboons (Papio ursinus) showed strong affiliation of females towards a single male. The same male was usually the decision-making animal in controlling group movements. Lactating or pregnant females focused their grooming on this “leader” male, producing a radially patterned sociogram, as in the desert baboon (P. hamadryas); the leader male supported young animals in the group against aggression and protected them against external threats. Unlike typical savanna baboons, these mountain baboons rarely displayed approach-retreat or triadic interactions, and entirely lacked coalitions among adult females. Both groups studied were reproductively one-male; male-female relationships in one were like those in a unit of a hamadryas male at his peak, while the other group resembled the unit of an old hamadryas male, who still leads the group, with a male follower starting to build up a new unit and already monopolizing mating. In their mountain environment, where the low population density suggests conditions as harsh for baboons as in deserts, adults in these groups kept unusually large distances apart during ranging; kin tended to range apart, and spacing of adults was greatest at the end of the dry, winter season. These facts support the hypothesis that sparse food is responsible for convergence with hamadryas social organization. It is suggested that all baboons, though matrilocal, are better categorized as “cross-sex-bonded” than “female bonded”.
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Publisher Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company Place of Publication Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
Series Volume Series Issue Edition
ISSN 1098-2345 ISBN Medium
Area Expedition Conference
Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5309
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Author Iacobucci, D.; Wasserman, S.
Title (down) Social networks with two sets of actors Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Psychometrika Abbreviated Journal Psychometrika
Volume 55 Issue 4 Pages 707-720
Keywords
Abstract Abstract  Traditional network research analyzes relational ties within a single group of actors: the models presented in this paper involve relational ties exist beteen two distinct sets of actors. Statistical models for traditional networks in which relations are measured within a group simplify when modeling unidirectional relations measured between groups. The traditional paradigm results in a one-mode socionatrix; the network paradigm considered in this paper results in a two-mode socionatrix; A statistical model is presented, illustrated on a sample data set, and compared to its traditional counterpart. Extensions are discussed, including those that model multivariate relations simultaneously, and those that allow for the inclustion of attributes of the individuals in the group.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5036
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Author Janson, C.H.
Title (down) Social correlates of individual spatial choice in foraging groups of brown capuchin monkeys, Cebus apella Type Journal Article
Year 1990 Publication Animal Behaviour. Abbreviated Journal Anim. Behav.
Volume 40 Issue 5 Pages 910-921
Keywords
Abstract Individuals in a foraging group of wild bronwn capuchin monkeys choose different spatial positions relative to the rest of the group. Markov analysis of sequencess of individual spatial positions demonstrated significant differnces between individuals, which coul be categorized a posteriori into four homogenous subgroups. An individual's spatial position was related primarily to the amount of aggression it received from the group's dominant male, but also varied with its sex. Spatial choice varied with changes in an individual's social status, but did not vary consistently with seasonal differences in food availability. These results support the hypothesis that individuals compete for preferred spatial positions within a foraging group.
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Notes Approved no
Call Number refbase @ user @ Serial 773
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Author Schilder, M.B.H.
Title (down) Social behaviour and social arganization of a herd of plains zebra in a safari park Type Manuscript
Year 1990 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
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Abstract
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Corporate Author Thesis Ph.D. thesis
Publisher Place of Publication University of Utrecht Editor
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Notes from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List Approved yes
Call Number Serial 1566
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