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Rau Re,. (1981). Zur Geschichte und Präparation der Mainzer Quaggas. Mainzer Naturw Archiv, 19, 221–236.
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Gingerich Pd,. (1981). Variation, sexual dimorphism, and social structure in the early Eocene horse Hyracotherium. Paleobiol, , 443–455.
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Joynson, R. B. (1981). Towards understanding relationships, by Robert A. Hinde. London: Academic, 1979, pp xii + 367. Aggressive Behavior, 7(3), 275–280.
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Kaseda Y,. (1981). The structure of the groups of Misaki horses in Toi Cape. Jpn. J Zootech Sci, 52, 227–235.
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Berger J,. (1981). The role of risks in mammalian combat: Zebra and onager fights. Z Tierpsychol 56, , 297–304.
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Roberts, J., Hunter, M. L., & Kacelnik, A. (1981). The ground effect and acoustic communication. Anim. Behav., 29(2), 633–634.
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Axelrod, R., & Hamilton, W. D. (1981). The evolution of cooperation. Science, 211(4489), 1390–1396.
Abstract: Cooperation in organisms, whether bacteria or primates, has been a difficulty for evolutionary theory since Darwin. On the assumption that interactions between pairs of individuals occur on a probabilistic basis, a model is developed based on the concept of an evolutionarily stable strategy in the context of the Prisoner's Dilemma game. Deductions from the model, and the results of a computer tournament show how cooperation based on reciprocity can get started in an asocial world, can thrive while interacting with a wide range of other strategies, and can resist invasion once fully established. Potential applications include specific aspects of territoriality, mating, and disease.
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R. A. J. Taylor. (1981). The Behavioural Basis of Redistribution I. The Delta -Model Concept. T. J. Anim. Ecol., 50(2), 573–586.
Abstract: (1) A conceptual model is developed in which spatial behaviour is density-dependent. The behaviour is classified as congregatory or migratory according to whether it results in movement towards or away from population concentrations. (2) Spatial behaviour is shown to result from both individual and population interactions. (3) The stability properties of the model are explored and it is shown how, under particular conditions, populations obeying the model have a population density regulating mechanism. (4) The similarity between the model and the potential energy curve of physics is noted, but it is emphasized that this is a behavioural not a physical model.
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Prescott J,. (1981). Suckling behavior of Llama and Chapman's Zebra in captivity. Appl Anim Ethol, 7, 293–299.
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Groves Cp, W. D. (1981). Studies on the taxonomy and phylogeny of the genus Equus. Mammalia, 45, 321–354.
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