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Author |
Klingel H, |
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Title  |
Observations on Social Organization and Behaviour of African and Asiatic Wild Asses (Equus africanus and E. hemionus) |
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Year |
1977 |
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Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z. Tierpsychol. |
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44 |
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323-331 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1309 |
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Author |
Keiper Rr, |
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Title |
Observations on the nocturnal behavior of feral ponies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Proc Pennsyl Acad Sci |
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Volume |
51 |
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Pages |
57-58 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1251 |
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Author |
Adler, L.L.; Adler, H.E. |
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Title |
Ontogeny of observational learning in the dog (Canis familiaris) |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
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Developmental Psychobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Dev Psychobiol |
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Volume |
10 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
267-271 |
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Keywords |
Animals; Dogs/*physiology; Female; Learning/*physiology; Male; Vision, Ocular/physiology |
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Abstract |
A split-litter technique was used to test observational learning in 4 litters of Miniature Dachshund puppies, 21, 28, 38, and 60 days old at the beginning of the experiment. In one side of a duplicate cage, one puppy of a litter, the demonstrator, learned to pull in a food cart on a runner by means of a ribbon, while another puppy, the observer, watched from an adjacent compartment, separated by a wire screen. Observational learning was demonstrated by the saving in time for the 1st trial when the observer was given the same problem to solve. Maturation, particularly the development of visual function and motor coordination, set a lower age limit for the emergence of observational learning. |
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0012-1630 |
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PMID:863122 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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5186 |
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Author |
Berger, J. |
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Title |
Organizational systems and dominance in feral horses in the Grand Canyon |
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Year |
1977 |
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Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav. Ecol. Sociobiol. |
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2 |
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2 |
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131-146 |
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Abstract |
1. Several aspects of the behavioral ecology of feral horses (Equus caballus) were studied in Grand Canyon, Arizona, USA. Most bands contained three to five horses that included one stallion and his harem. Males that did not obtain a harem remained solitary. Throughout the study bands remained stable in composition.
2. Home ranges for all bands decreased in size in successive warm months, probably due to increased ambient temperature and drought. This resulted in greater utilization of spring areas that led to increased interband confrontation and agonistic display.
3. Territoriality was not observed in individual horses or bands, but bands hierarchial in both inter- and intraband structures. Interband stallion dominance was reinforced through posturing and fighting. Intraband hierarchies, as determined by dominance coefficients, were independent of individual size in three of four bands.
4. Indexes of nervousness (NER), calculated while horses were drinking, showed that stallions were less nervous than mares. A low NER was correlated with individuals leading toward drinking areas, whereas a high NER existed in individuals initiating flight although no single horse acted consistently as a leader.
5. Diurnal activity patterns were correlated with ambient temperatures. |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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748 |
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Author |
Rudy, J.W.; Iwens, J.; Best, P.J. |
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Title |
Pairing novel exteroceptive cues and illness reduces illness-induced taste aversions |
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Year |
1977 |
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Journal of Experimental Psychology. Animal Behavior Processes |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process |
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3 |
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1 |
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14-25 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Association; *Avoidance Learning; Awareness; Conditioning, Operant; *Cues; Drinking Behavior; Environment; Inhibition (Psychology); Lithium/poisoning; Male; Rats; Saccharin/pharmacology; *Taste |
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Four experiments are reported that lead to the conclusion that pairing novel exteroceptive stimulation (placement into a black compartment) with a poison (lithium chloride) attenuates the development of an aversion to a taste (saccharin) subsequently paired with the poison. Such an attenuation effect occurs whether the exteroceptive cues are present or absent when the taste-poison pairing is administered. Interpretation and implications of this finding are discussed. |
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0097-7403 |
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PMID:845542 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2789 |
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Author |
Knill, L.M.; Eagleton, R.D.; Harver, E. |
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Title |
Physical optics of the equine eye |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
Publication |
American Journal of Veterinary Research |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am J Vet Res |
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Volume |
38 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
735-737 |
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Keywords |
visual system function; Ocular Physiology |
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The equine eye was treated as a general lens system and calculations were done to determine image position in relation to the retina for objects at a distance of infinity, 100 m, and 1 m. The retina is 19.1 mm behind the posterior surface of the lens; therefore, the image appears 14.6 mm posterior to the retina at infinity and at 100 m, and 16.3 mm at 1-m distance on a horizontal axis. The animals studied were hyperopic. It is evident that the horse must move its head or eye, or both, for optimal visual acuity. At the same time, some objects in the total field of vision are imperceptible or indistinct. |
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00029645 (Issn) |
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Cited By (since 1996): 1; Export Date: 15 May 2007; Source: Scopus; Language of Original Document: English; Correspondence Address: Knill, L.M. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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852 |
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Author |
Fagen Rm, G.T. |
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Title |
Play behavior and exercise in young ponies |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Ecol Sociobiol |
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Volume |
2 |
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Pages |
267-269 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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no |
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1077 |
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Author |
Packer, C. |
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Title |
Reciprocal altruism in Papio anubis |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1977 |
Publication |
Nature |
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Nature |
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265 |
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441-445 |
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10.1038/265441a0 |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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4840 |
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Author |
Rodgers Wa, |
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Title |
Seasonal changes in group size amongst five wild herbivore species |
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Journal Article |
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1977 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
E Afr Wildl J |
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15 |
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175-190 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1512 |
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Author |
Kirkpatrick, J.F.; Wiesner, L.; Kenney, R.M.; Ganjam, V.K.; Turner, J.W. |
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Title |
Seasonal variation in plasma androgens and testosterone in the North American wild horse |
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Journal Article |
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1977 |
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The Journal of endocrinology |
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J Endocrinol |
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72 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
237-238 |
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Androgens/*blood; Animals; Horses/*blood; Male; *Seasons; Testosterone/*blood |
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0022-0795 |
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PMID:845536 |
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Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
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148 |
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