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Author Pinker, S. url  openurl
  Title (up) COGNITION:Enhanced: Out of the Minds of Babes Type Journal Article
  Year 1999 Publication Science Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 283 Issue 5398 Pages 40-41  
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  Notes 10.1126/science.283.5398.40 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2956  
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Author Subiaul, F.; Cantlon, J.F.; Holloway, R.L.; Terrace, H.S. doi  openurl
  Title (up) Cognitive imitation in rhesus macaques Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Science (New York, N.Y.) Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 305 Issue 5682 Pages 407-410  
  Keywords Animals; *Cognition; *Imitative Behavior; *Learning; Macaca mulatta/*physiology/psychology; Male  
  Abstract Experiments on imitation typically evaluate a student's ability to copy some feature of an expert's motor behavior. Here, we describe a type of observational learning in which a student copies a cognitive rule rather than a specific motor action. Two rhesus macaques were trained to respond, in a prescribed order, to different sets of photographs that were displayed on a touch-sensitive monitor. Because the position of the photographs varied randomly from trial to trial, sequences could not be learned by motor imitation. Both monkeys learned new sequences more rapidly after observing an expert execute those sequences than when they had to learn new sequences entirely by trial and error.  
  Address Department of Anthropology, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA. subiaul@aol.com  
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  Language English Summary Language Original Title  
  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 1095-9203 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes PMID:15256673 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 2839  
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Author Artzy-Randrup, Y.; Fleishman, S.J.; Ben-Tal, N.; Stone, L. doi  openurl
  Title (up) Comment on “Network Motifs: Simple Building Blocks of Complex Networks” and “Superfamilies of Evolved and Designed Networks” Type Journal Article
  Year 2004 Publication Science Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 305 Issue 5687 Pages 1107c  
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  Notes 10.1126/science.1099334 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5037  
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Author Hamilton, C.R.; Vermeire, B.A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Complementary hemispheric specialization in monkeys Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Science Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 242 Issue 4886 Pages 1691-1694  
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  Abstract Twenty-five split-brain monkeys were taught to discriminate two types of visual stimuli that engage lateralized cerebral processing in human subjects. Differential lateralization for the two kinds of discriminations was found; the left hemisphere was better at distinguishing between tilted lines and the right hemisphere was better at discriminating faces. These results indicate that lateralization of cognitive processing appeared in primates independently of language or handedness. In addition, cerebral lateralization in monkeys may provide an appropriate model for studying the biological basis of hemispheric specialization.  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5342  
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Author Bednarz, J.C. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Cooperative Hunting Harris' Hawks (Parabuteo unicinctus) Type Journal Article
  Year 1988 Publication Science Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 239 Issue 4847 Pages 1525-1527  
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  Abstract Coordinated hunting by several individuals directed toward the capture and sharing of one Large prey animal has been documented convincingly only for a few mammalian carnivores. In New Mexico, Harris' hawks formed hunting parties of two to six individuals in the nonbreeding season. This behavior improved capture success and the average energy available per individual enabled hawks to dispatch prey larger than themselves. These patterns suggest that cooperation is important to understanding the evolution of complex social behavior in higher vertebrates and, specifically, that benefits derived from team hunting a key factor in the social living of Harris' hawks.  
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  Notes 10.1126/science.239.4847.1525 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4717  
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Author Rowe, M.L.; Goldin-Meadow, S. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Differences in Early Gesture Explain SES Disparities in Child Vocabulary Size at School Entry Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Science Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 323 Issue 5916 Pages 951-953  
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  Abstract Children from low-socioeconomic status (SES) families, on average, arrive at school with smaller vocabularies than children from high-SES families. In an effort to identify precursors to, and possible remedies for, this inequality, we videotaped 50 children from families with a range of different SES interacting with parents at 14 months and assessed their vocabulary skills at 54 months. We found that children from high-SES families frequently used gesture to communicate at 14 months, a relation that was explained by parent gesture use (with speech controlled). In turn, the fact that children from high-SES families have large vocabularies at 54 months was explained by children's gesture use at 14 months. Thus, differences in early gesture help to explain the disparities in vocabulary that children bring with them to school.  
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  Notes 10.1126/science.1167025 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 4728  
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Author Schmidt, M.; Lipson, H. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Distilling Free-Form Natural Laws from Experimental Data Type Journal Article
  Year 2009 Publication Science Abbreviated Journal Science  
  Volume 324 Issue 5923 Pages 81-85  
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  Abstract For centuries, scientists have attempted to identify and document analytical laws that underlie physical phenomena in nature. Despite the prevalence of computing power, the process of finding natural laws and their corresponding equations has resisted automation. A key challenge to finding analytic relations automatically is defining algorithmically what makes a correlation in observed data important and insightful. We propose a principle for the identification of nontriviality. We demonstrated this approach by automatically searching motion-tracking data captured from various physical systems, ranging from simple harmonic oscillators to chaotic double-pendula. Without any prior knowledge about physics, kinematics, or geometry, the algorithm discovered Hamiltonians, Lagrangians, and other laws of geometric and momentum conservation. The discovery rate accelerated as laws found for simpler systems were used to bootstrap explanations for more complex systems, gradually uncovering the “alphabet” used to describe those systems.  
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  Notes 10.1126/science.1165893 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 5264  
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Author Hartmann, E.; Christensen, J.W.; McGreevy, P.D. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Dominance and leadership: Useful concepts in human-horse interactions? Type Journal Article
  Year Publication Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal Journal of Equine Veterinary Science  
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  Abstract Dominance hierarchies in horses primarily influence priority access to limited resources of any kind, resulting in predictable contest outcomes that potentially minimize aggressive encounters and associated risk of injury. Levels of aggression in group-kept horses under domestic conditions have been reported to be higher than in their feral counterparts but can often be attributed to sub-optimal management. Horse owners often express concerns about the risk of injuries occurring in group-kept horses but these concerns have not been substantiated by empirical investigations. What has not yet been sufficiently addressed are human safety aspects related to approaching and handling group-kept horses. Given horses? natural tendency to synchronize activity to promote group cohesion, questions remain about how group dynamics influence human-horse interactions. Group dynamics influence a variety of management scenarios, ranging from taking a horse out of its social group to the prospect of humans mimicking the horse?s social system by taking a putative leadership role and seeking after an alpha position in the dominance hierarchy to achieve compliance. Yet, there is considerable debate about whether the roles horses attain in their social group are of any relevance in their reactions to humans. This article reviews the empirical data on social dynamics in horses, focusing on dominance and leadership theories and the merits of incorporating those concepts into the human-horse context. This will provide a constructive framework for informed debate and valuable guidance for owners managing group-kept horses and for optimizing human-horse interactions.  
  Address  
  Corporate Author Thesis  
  Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor  
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  Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title  
  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0737-0806 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes doi: 10.1016/j.jevs.2017.01.015 Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6048  
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Author Hartmann, E.; Christensen, J.W.; McGreevy, P.D. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Dominance and Leadership: Useful Concepts in Human-Horse Interactions? Type Journal Article
  Year 2017 Publication Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal Proceedings of the 2017 Equine Science Symposium  
  Volume 52 Issue Pages 1-9  
  Keywords Horse; Social order; Dominance hierarchy; Aggression; Injury; Learning; Training  
  Abstract Dominance hierarchies in horses primarily influence priority access to limited resources of any kind, resulting in predictable contest outcomes that potentially minimize aggressive encounters and associated risk of injury. Levels of aggression in group-kept horses under domestic conditions have been reported to be higher than in their feral counterparts but can often be attributed to suboptimal management. Horse owners often express concerns about the risk of injuries occurring in group-kept horses, but these concerns have not been substantiated by empirical investigations. What has not yet been sufficiently addressed are human safety aspects related to approaching and handling group-kept horses. Given horse's natural tendency to synchronize activity to promote group cohesion, questions remain about how group dynamics influence human-horse interactions. Group dynamics influence a variety of management scenarios, ranging from taking a horse out of its social group to the prospect of humans mimicking the horse's social system by taking a putative leadership role and seeking after an alpha position in the dominance hierarchy to achieve compliance. Yet, there is considerable debate about whether the roles horses attain in their social group are of any relevance in their reactions to humans. This article reviews the empirical data on social dynamics in horses, focusing on dominance and leadership theories and the merits of incorporating those concepts into the human-horse context. This will provide a constructive framework for informed debate and valuable guidance for owners managing group-kept horses and for optimizing human-horse interactions.  
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  Series Volume Series Issue Edition  
  ISSN 0737-0806 ISBN Medium  
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  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6712  
Permanent link to this record
 

 
Author Burden, F.; Thiemann, A. url  doi
openurl 
  Title (up) Donkeys Are Different Type Journal Article
  Year 2015 Publication Journal of Equine Veterinary Science Abbreviated Journal Proceedings of the 2015 Equine Science Society Symposium  
  Volume 35 Issue 5 Pages 376-382  
  Keywords Donkey; Ass; Equid; Mule  
  Abstract As a unique species of equine, the donkey has certain specific variations from the horse. This review highlights the origins of the donkey and how this impacts on its behavior, physiology, and propensity to disease. The donkey is less of a flight animal and has been used by humans for pack and draught work, in areas where their ability to survive poorer diets, and transboundary disease while masking overt signs of pain and distress has made them indispensable to human livelihoods. When living as a companion animal, however, the donkey easily accumulates adipose tissue, and this may create a metabolically compromised individual prone to diseases of excess such as laminitis and hyperlipemia. They show anatomic variations from the horse especially in the hoof, upper airway, and their conformation. Variations in physiology lead to differences in the metabolism and distribution of many drugs. With over 44 million donkeys worldwide, it is important that veterinarians have the ability to understand and treat this equid effectively.  
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  ISSN 0737-0806 ISBN Medium  
  Area Expedition Conference  
  Notes Approved no  
  Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6541  
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