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Author Sebastiano, M.; Eens, M.; Angelier, F.; Pineau, K.; Chastel, O.; Costantini, D.
Title (up) Corticosterone, inflammation, immune status and telomere length in frigatebird nestlings facing a severe herpesvirus infection Type Journal Article
Year 2017 Publication Conservation Physiology Abbreviated Journal Conserv. Physiol.
Volume 5 Issue 1 Pages cow073-cow073
Keywords
Abstract Herpesvirus outbreaks are common in natural animal populations, but little is known about factors that favour the infection and its consequences for the organism. In this study, we examined the pathophysiological consequences of a disease probably attributable to herpesvirus infection for several markers of immune function, corticosterone, telomere length and inflammation. In addition, we assessed whether any markers used in this study might be associated with the occurrence of visible clinical signs of the disease and its impact on short-term survival perspectives. To address our questions, in spring 2015, we collected blood samples from nestlings of the magnificent frigatebird (Fregata magnificens) that were free of any clinical signs or showed visible signs of the disease. We found that the plasma concentration of haptoglobin was strongly associated with the infection status and could predict probabilities of survival. We also found that nestlings with clinical signs had lower baseline corticosterone concentrations and similar telomere length compared with healthy nestlings, whereas we did not find any association of the infection status with innate immune defenses or with nitric oxide concentration. Overall, our results suggest that the plasma concentration of haptoglobin might be a valuable tool to assess survival probabilities of frigatebird nestlings facing a herpesvirus outbreak.
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Notes 10.1093/conphys/cow073 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6042
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Author Becker-Birck, M.; Schmidt, A.; Wulf, M.; Aurich, J.; von der Wense, A.; Möstl, E.; Berz, R.; Aurich, C.
Title (up) Cortisol release, heart rate and heart rate variability, and superficial body temperature, in horses lunged either with hyperflexion of the neck or with an extended head and neck position Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition Abbreviated Journal
Volume 97 Issue 2 Pages 322-330
Keywords animal welfare; equitation; stress; training
Abstract Bringing the head and neck of ridden horses into a position of hyperflexion is widely used in equestrian sports. In our study, the hypothesis was tested that hyperflexion is an acute stressor for horses. Salivary cortisol concentrations, heart rate, heart rate variability (HRV) and superficial body temperature were determined in horses (n = 16) lunged on two subsequent days. The head and neck of the horse was fixed with side reins in a position allowing forward extension on day A and fixed in hyperflexion on day B. The order of treatments alternated between horses. In response to lunging, cortisol concentration increased (day A from 0.73 ± 0.06 to 1.41 ± 0.13 ng/ml, p < 0.001; day B from 0.68 ± 0.07 to 1.38 ± 0.13 ng/ml, p < 0.001) but did not differ between days A and B. Beat-to-beat (RR) interval decreased in response to lunging on both days. HRV variables standard deviation of RR interval (SDRR) and RMSSD (root mean square of successive RR differences) decreased (p < 0.001) but did not differ between days. In the cranial region of the neck, the difference between maximum and minimum temperature was increased in hyperflexion (p < 0.01). In conclusion, physiological parameters do not indicate an acute stress response to hyperflexion of the head alone in horses lunged at moderate speed and not touched with the whip. However, if hyperflexion is combined with active intervention of a rider, a stressful experience for the horse cannot be excluded.
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Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor
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ISSN 1439-0396 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6182
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Author Healy, S.D.; Rowe, C.
Title (up) Costs and benefits of evolving a larger brain: doubts over the evidence that large brains lead to better cognition Type Journal Article
Year 2013 Publication Anim Behav Abbreviated Journal
Volume 86 Issue Pages
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Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Healy2013 Serial 6317
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Author Bates, L.A.; Byrne, R.W.
Title (up) Creative or created: Using anecdotes to investigate animal cognition Type Journal Article
Year 2007 Publication Methods Abbreviated Journal Methods
Volume 42 Issue 1 Pages 12-21
Keywords Anecdote; Creativity; Intelligence; Deception; Innovation; African elephant
Abstract In non-human animals, creative behaviour occurs spontaneously only at low frequencies, so is typically missed by standardised observational methods. Experimental approaches have tended to rely overly on paradigms from child development or adult human cognition, which may be inappropriate for species that inhabit very different perceptual worlds and possess quite different motor capacities than humans. The analysis of anecdotes offers a solution to this impasse, provided certain conditions are met. To be reliable, anecdotes must be recorded immediately after observation, and only the records of scientists experienced with the species and the individuals concerned should be used. Even then, interpretation of a single record is always ambiguous, and analysis is feasible only when collation of multiple records shows that a behaviour pattern occurs repeatedly under similar circumstances. This approach has been used successfully to study a number of creative capacities of animals: the distribution, nature and neural correlates of deception across the primate order; the occurrence of teaching in animals; and the neural correlates of several aptitudes--in birds, foraging innovation, and in primates, innovation, social learning and tool-use. Drawing on these approaches, we describe the use of this method to investigate a new problem, the cognition of the African elephant, a species whose sheer size and evolutionary distance from humans renders the conventional methods of comparative psychology of little use. The aim is both to chart the creative cognitive capacities of this species, and to devise appropriate experimental methods to confirm and extend previous findings.
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ISSN 1046-2023 ISBN Medium
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Notes also special issue: Neurocognitive Mechanisms of Creativity: A Toolkit Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6185
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Author Nakamura, K.; Takimoto-Inose, A.; Hasegawa, T.
Title (up) Cross-modal perception of human emotion in domestic horses (Equus caballus) Type Journal Article
Year 2018 Publication Scientific Reports Abbreviated Journal
Volume 8 Issue 1 Pages 8660
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Abstract Humans have domesticated many kinds of animals in their history. Dogs and horses have particularly close relationships with humans as cooperative partners. However, fewer scientific studies have been conducted on cognition in horses compared to dogs. Studies have shown that horses cross-modally distinguish human facial expressions and recognize familiar people, which suggests that they also cross-modally distinguish human emotions. In the present study, we used the expectancy violation method to investigate whether horses cross-modally perceive human emotions. Horses were shown a picture of a human facial expression on a screen, and they then heard a human voice from the speaker before the screen. The emotional values of the visual and auditory stimuli were the same in the congruent condition and different in the incongruent condition. Horses looked at the speaker significantly longer in the incongruent condition than in the congruent condition when they heard their caretaker's voices but not when they heard the stranger voice. In addition, they responded significantly more quickly to the voice in the incongruent condition than in the congruent one. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to show that horses cross-modally recognized the emotional states of their caretakers and strangers.
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ISSN 2045-2322 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Nakamura2018 Serial 6391
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Author Sabou, M.; Bontcheva, K.; Scharl, A.
Title (up) Crowdsourcing Research Opportunities: Lessons from Natural Language Processing Type Conference Article
Year 2012 Publication Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Knowledge Management and Knowledge Technologies Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages 1-18
Keywords crowdsourcing, games with a purpose, natural language processing, resource acquisition
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Publisher Acm Place of Publication New York, NY, USA Editor
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Series Editor Series Title i-KNOW '12 Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN 978-1-4503-1242-4 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Sabou:2012:CRO:2362456.2362479 Serial 6436
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Author Munksgaard, L.; DePassillé, A.M.; Rushen, J.; Herskin, M.S.; Kristensen, A.M.
Title (up) Dairy cows' fear of people: social learning, milk yield and behaviour at milking Type Journal Article
Year 2001 Publication Applied Animal Behaviour Science Abbreviated Journal Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci.
Volume 73 Issue 1 Pages 15-26
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Abstract We examined the effects of the presence of an unfamiliar, a gentle or an aversive handler during milking on behaviour and milk yield, and whether cows can learn to approach or avoid a handler by observing the neighbouring cow?s responses. In Experiment 1, Danish Friesian cows (n=16) were treated gently (offering hay and concentrates) by one handler and aversively (hit every 15s on the head with the hand) by another handler for six periods of 2min each. The two handlers wore different coloured overalls, and each cow received either gentle or aversive treatment in the first week and the other treatment the following week. All cows kept a longer distance to the aversive than to the gentle handler in a 1min test after treatment. Milk yield and residual milk did not differ when the aversive or the gentle handler was standing in front of the cow during milking, although the cows moved their legs and tail less when the aversive handler was present. When an unfamiliar person was standing in front of the cows during milking, behaviour and milk yield did not differ from control milkings. Cows and heifers (n=10) that had observed their neighbours receiving gentle treatment by one handler and aversive treatment from another handler did not differ in the distance they kept from these two handlers. In Experiment 2, cows (n=15) that had observed the neighbours receiving a gentle treatment (eight times for 2min) kept a shorter distance to that handler after treatment of their neighbours, and the distance they kept was correlated with the distance kept by the neighbouring cows. This suggests that responses of observer cows may be affected by the responses of the cows being treated. The cows rapidly learned to avoid an aversive handler, but although the cows showed clear avoidance response to the aversive handler there was no effect on milk yield when the aversive handler was present at milking.
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Publisher Elsevier Place of Publication Editor
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN 0168-1591 ISBN Medium
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Notes doi: 10.1016/S0168-1591(01)00119-8 Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6039
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Author Krösbacher, A. E.
Title (up) Das Arabische Vollblut: Eine kontrovers diskutierte Rasse: Was steckt wirklich hinter der Zucht dieser edlen Pferde? Type Manuscript
Year 2008 Publication Abbreviated Journal
Volume Issue Pages
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Corporate Author Thesis Bachelor's thesis
Publisher University for Veterinarian Medicine Vienna Place of Publication Vienna Editor
Language Summary Language Original Title
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6544
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Author Krueger, K.
Title (up) Das Pferd im Blickpunkt der Wissenschaft Type Book Whole
Year 2010 Publication Abbreviated Journal
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Publisher Xenophon Verlag Place of Publication Wald Editor
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6009
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Author Schloeth, R.
Title (up) Das Sozialleben des Camargue-Rindes Type Journal Article
Year 1961 Publication Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie Abbreviated Journal Z. Tierpsychol.
Volume 18 Issue 5 Pages 574-627
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Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd Place of Publication Editor
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Series Editor Series Title Abbreviated Series Title
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ISSN 1439-0310 ISBN Medium
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Notes Approved no
Call Number Equine Behaviour @ team @ Serial 6018
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