Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database -- Query Results

	Equine and Animal Cognition Reference Database Home \| Show All \| Simple Search \| Advanced Search	Login Quick Search: Field: contains: ...
	1-10 of 73 records found matching your query:

Search & Display Options

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >>

List View

Citations

Details

	Records
	Author	Rapin, V.; Poncet, P.A.; Burger, D.; Mermod, C.; Richard, M.A.
	Title	[Measurement of the attention time in the horse]			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2007	Publication	Schweizer Archiv fur Tierheilkunde	Abbreviated Journal	Schweiz Arch Tierheilkd
	Volume	149	Issue	2	Pages	77-83
	Keywords	Age Factors; Animals; Attention/physiology; Conditioning, Operant; Cross-Over Studies; Female; Horses/physiology; Learning/physiology; Male; Memory/physiology; Time Factors
	Abstract	A study carried out on 49 horses showed that it is possible to measure the attention time by operant conditioning. After teaching horses an instrumental task using a signal, we were then able to test their attention time by asking them to prolong it increasingly while setting success and failure criteria. Two tests were performed 3 weeks apart. The 2nd test was feasible without relearning, a proof of memory, and was repeatable, a proof of consistency in the attention time. A significant difference was observed between the 3 age groups. Young horses often performed very well during the 1st test but their attention dropped in the 2nd test while older horses were more stable with respect to attention and even increased it slightly. The study shows that there are individual differences but it was not possible to prove a significant influence of breed, gender and paternal influence. Consequently, learning appears to be one of the most interesting approaches for evaluating the attention of horses and for observing their behaviour.
	Address	Laboratoire d'Ecoethologie, Universite de Neuchatel, Suisse. veronique.rapin@unine.ch
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	French	Summary Language		Original Title	Mesure de la duree d'attention chez le cheval
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0036-7281	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:17343134			Approved	no
	Call Number				Serial	1770
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Jordan, K.E.; Brannon, E.M.
	Title	Weber's Law influences numerical representations in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2006	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	9	Issue	3	Pages	159-172
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Discrimination (Psychology); Female; Macaca mulatta/psychology; Mathematics; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Perceptual Masking; *Problem Solving; Psychological Theory; Psychometrics
	Abstract	We present the results of two experiments that probe the ability of rhesus macaques to match visual arrays based on number. Three monkeys were first trained on a delayed match-to-sample paradigm (DMTS) to match stimuli on the basis of number and ignore continuous dimensions such as element size, cumulative surface area, and density. Monkeys were then tested in a numerical bisection experiment that required them to indicate whether a sample numerosity was closer to a small or large anchor value. Results indicated that, for two sets of anchor values with the same ratio, the probability of choosing the larger anchor value systematically increased with the sample number and the psychometric functions superimposed. A second experiment employed a numerical DMTS task in which the choice values contained an exact numerical match to the sample and a distracter that varied in number. Both accuracy and reaction time were modulated by the ratio between the correct numerical match and the distracter, as predicted by Weber's Law.
	Address	Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Center for Cognitive Neuroscience, Duke University, Box 90999, Durham, NC 27708, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16575587			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	2471
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Marten, K.; Psarakos, S.
	Title	Using self-view television to distinguish between self-examination and social behavior in the bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus)			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1995	Publication	Consciousness and Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Conscious Cogn
	Volume	4	Issue	2	Pages	205-224
	Keywords	Animal Communication; Animals; Attention; Discrimination Learning; Dolphins/psychology; Female; Male; Self Concept; Social Behavior; Television; Visual Perception
	Abstract	In mirror mark tests dolphins twist, posture, and engage in open-mouth and head movements, often repetitive. Because postures and an open mouth are also dolphin social behaviors, we used self-view television as a manipulatable mirror to distinguish between self-examination and social behavior. Two dolphins were exposed to alternating real-time self-view (“mirror mode”) and playback of the same to determine if they distinguished between them. The adult male engaged in elaborate open-mouth behaviors in mirror mode, but usually just watched when played back the same material. Mirror mode behavior was also compared to interacting with real dolphins (controls). Mark tests were conducted, as well as switches from front to side self-views to see if the dolphins turned. They presented marked areas to the self-view television and turned. The results suggest self-examination over social behavior.
	Address	Earthtrust, Kailua, Hawaii 96734, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1053-8100	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8521259			Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	4164
Permanent link to this record



	Author	McCarthy, M.S.; Jensvold, M.L.A.; Fouts, D.H.
	Title	Use of gesture sequences in captive chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) play			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2013	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	16	Issue	3	Pages	471-481
	Keywords	Gestural communication; Attentional state; Chimpanzee; Gesture sequence
	Abstract	This study examined the use of sensory modalities relative to a partner’s behavior in gesture sequences during captive chimpanzee play at the Chimpanzee and Human Communication Institute. We hypothesized that chimpanzees would use visual gestures toward attentive recipients and auditory/tactile gestures toward inattentive recipients. We also hypothesized that gesture sequences would be more prevalent toward unresponsive rather than responsive recipients. The chimpanzees used significantly more auditory/tactile rather than visual gestures first in sequences with both attentive and inattentive recipients. They rarely used visual gestures toward inattentive recipients. Auditory/tactile gestures were effective with and used with both attentive and inattentive recipients. Recipients responded significantly more to single gestures than to first gestures in sequences. Sequences often indicated that recipients did not respond to initial gestures, whereas effective single gestures made more gestures unnecessary. The chimpanzees thus gestured appropriately relative to a recipient’s behavior and modified their interactions according to contextual social cues.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer-Verlag	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5665
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Defolie, C.; Malassis, R.; Serre, M.; Meunier, H.
	Title	Tufted capuchins (Cebus apella) adapt their communicative behaviour to human’s attentional states			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2015	Publication	Animal Cognition	Abbreviated Journal	Anim. Cogn.
	Volume	18	Issue	3	Pages	747-755
	Keywords	Gestural communication; Intentionality; Non-human primates; Social cognition; Attention; Pointing
	Abstract	Animal communication has become a widely studied field of research, especially because of the associated debates on the origin of human language. Due to their phylogenetic proximity with humans, non-human primates represent a suitable model to investigate the precursors of language. This study focuses on the perception of the attentional states of others, an important prerequisite to intentional communication. We investigated whether capuchins (Cebus apella) produce a learnt pointing gesture towards a hidden and unreachable food reward as a function of the attentional status of the human experimenter. For that purpose, we tested five subjects that we first trained to indicate by a pointing gesture towards the human partner the position of a reward hidden by an assistant. Then, capuchins were tested in two experimental conditions randomly ordered. In the first condition—motivation trial—the experimenter was attentive to the subject gestures and rewarded him immediately when it pointed towards the baited cylinder. During the second condition—test trial—the experimenter adopted one of the following attention states and the subject was rewarded after 10 s has elapsed, regardless of the subject’s behaviour. Five attentional states were tested: (1) experimenter absent, (2) experimenter back to the monkey, (3) experimenter’s head away, (4) experimenter watching above the monkey, and (5) experimenter watching the monkey face. Our results reveal a variation in our subjects’ communicative behaviours with a discrimination of the different postural clues (body and head orientation) available in our experimental conditions. This study suggests that capuchins can flexibly use a communicative gesture to adapt to the attentional state of their partner and provides evidence that acquired communicative gestures of monkeys might be used intentionally.
	Address
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher	Springer Berlin Heidelberg	Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	1435-9448	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes				Approved	no
	Call Number	Equine Behaviour @ team @			Serial	5886
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Zentall, T.R.; Sherburne, L.M.
	Title	Transfer of value from S+ to S- in a simultaneous discrimination			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1994	Publication	Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes	Abbreviated Journal	J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process
	Volume	20	Issue	2	Pages	176-183
	Keywords	Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Attention; Color Perception; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning; Female; Male; Motivation; Orientation; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Problem Solving; Reinforcement Schedule; *Transfer (Psychology)
	Abstract	Value transfer theory has been proposed to account for transitive inference effects (L. V. Fersen, C. D. L. Wynne, J. D. Delius, & J. E. R. Staddon, 1991), in which following training on 4 simultaneous discriminations (A+B-, B+C-, C+D-, D+E-) pigeons show a preference for B over D. According to this theory, some of the value of reinforcement acquired by each S+ transfers to the S-. In the transitive inference experiment, C (associated with both reward and nonreward) can transfer less value to D than A (associated only with reward) can transfer to B. Support for value transfer theory was demonstrated in 2 experiments in which an S- presented in the context of a stimulus to which responses were always reinforced (S+) was preferred over an S- presented in the context of a stimulus to which responses were sometimes reinforced (S +/-).
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40506
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0097-7403	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:8189186			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	258
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Urcuioli, P.J.; Zentall, T.R.
	Title	Transfer across delayed discriminations: evidence regarding the nature of prospective working memory			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1992	Publication	Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes	Abbreviated Journal	J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process
	Volume	18	Issue	2	Pages	154-173
	Keywords	Animals; Appetitive Behavior; Attention; Color Perception; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning; Mental Recall; Pattern Recognition, Visual; Problem Solving; Retention (Psychology); Transfer (Psychology)
	Abstract	Pigeons were trained successively either on 2 delayed simple discriminations or on a delayed simple discrimination followed by delayed matching-to-sample. During subsequent transfer tests, the initial stimuli from the 1st task were substituted for those in the 2nd. Performances transferred immediately if both sets of initial stimuli had been associated with the presence versus absence of food on their respective retention tests, and the direction of transfer (positive or negative) depended on whether the substitution involved stimuli with identical or different outcome associates. No transfer was found, however, when the initial stimuli were associated with different patterns of responding but food occurred at the end of every trial. These results are consistent with outcome expectancy mediation but are incompatible with response intention and retrospective coding accounts.
	Address	Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907-1364
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0097-7403	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:1583445			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	260
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Zentall, T.R.
	Title	Timing, memory for intervals, and memory for untimed stimuli: the role of instructional ambiguity			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2005	Publication	Behavioural processes	Abbreviated Journal	Behav. Process.
	Volume	70	Issue	3	Pages	209-222
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Columbidae; Discrimination Learning; Memory, Short-Term; Practice (Psychology); Reinforcement Schedule; Retention (Psychology); *Time Perception
	Abstract	Theories of animal timing have had to account for findings that the memory for the duration of a timed interval appears to be dramatically shorted within a short time of its termination. This finding has led to the subjective shortening hypothesis and it has been proposed to account for the poor memory that animals appear to have for the initial portion of a timed interval when a gap is inserted in the to-be-timed signal. It has also been proposed to account for the poor memory for a relatively long interval that has been discriminated from a shorter interval. I suggest here a simpler account in which ambiguity between the gap or retention interval and the intertrial interval results in resetting the clock, rather than forgetting the interval. The ambiguity hypothesis, together with a signal salience mechanism that determines how quickly the clock is reset at the start of the intertrial interval can account for the results of the reported timing experiments that have used the peak procedure. Furthermore, instructional ambiguity rather than memory loss may account for the results of many animal memory experiments that do not involve memory for time.
	Address	Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, 202B Kastle Hall, Lexington, KY 40506-0044, USA. zentall@uky.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0376-6357	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:16095851			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	222
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Kaiser, D.H.; Zentall, T.R.; Neiman, E.
	Title	Timing in pigeons: effects of the similarity between intertrial interval and gap in a timing signal			Type	Journal Article
	Year	2002	Publication	Journal of experimental psychology. Animal behavior processes	Abbreviated Journal	J Exp Psychol Anim Behav Process
	Volume	28	Issue	4	Pages	416-422
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Columbidae; Conditioning, Operant; Discrimination Learning; Mental Recall; Probability Learning; Reinforcement (Psychology); Reinforcement Schedule; Retention (Psychology); Time Factors; *Time Perception/physiology
	Abstract	Previous research suggests that when a fixed interval is interrupted (known as the gap procedure), pigeons tend to reset memory and start timing from 0 after the gap. However, because the ambient conditions of the gap typically have been the same as during the intertrial interval (ITI), ambiguity may have resulted. In the present experiment, the authors found that when ambient conditions during the gap were similar to the ITI, pigeons tended to reset memory, but when ambient conditions during the gap were different from the ITI, pigeons tended to stop timing, retain the duration of the stimulus in memory, and add to that time when the stimulus reappeared. Thus, when the gap was unambiguous, pigeons timed accurately.
	Address	Department of Psychology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina 27858, USA. kaiserd@mail.ecu.edu
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0097-7403	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:12395499			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	238
Permanent link to this record



	Author	Cheney, D.L.; Seyfarth, R.M.; Silk, J.B.
	Title	The responses of female baboons (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) to anomalous social interactions: evidence for causal reasoning?			Type	Journal Article
	Year	1995	Publication	Journal of comparative psychology (Washington, D.C. : 1983)	Abbreviated Journal	J Comp Psychol
	Volume	109	Issue	2	Pages	134-141
	Keywords	Animals; Attention; Auditory Perception; Awareness; Concept Formation; Dominance-Subordination; Fear; Female; Hierarchy, Social; Papio/psychology; *Social Behavior; Social Environment; Vocalization, Animal
	Abstract	Baboons' (Papio cynocephalus ursinus) understanding of cause-effect relations in the context of social interactions was examined through use of a playback experiment. Under natural conditions, dominant female baboons often grunt to more subordinate mothers when interacting with their infants. Mothers occasionally respond to these grunts by uttering submissive fear barks. Subjects were played causally inconsistent call sequences in which a lower ranking female apparently grunted to a higher ranking female, and the higher ranking female apparently responded with fear barks. As a control, subjects heard a sequence made causally consistent by the inclusion of grunts from a 3rd female that was dominant to both of the others. Subjects responded significantly more strongly to the causally inconsistent sequences, suggesting that they recognized the factors that cause 1 individual to give submissive vocalizations to another.
	Address	Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia 19104, USA
	Corporate Author				Thesis
	Publisher		Place of Publication		Editor
	Language	English	Summary Language		Original Title
	Series Editor		Series Title		Abbreviated Series Title
	Series Volume		Series Issue		Edition
	ISSN	0735-7036	ISBN		Medium
	Area		Expedition		Conference
	Notes	PMID:7758289			Approved	no
	Call Number	refbase @ user @			Serial	348
Permanent link to this record

Select All Deselect All

<< 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 >>

Details

CQL Search | Library Search | Show Record | Extract Citations

Help