Records |
Author |
Grubb, T.L.; Foreman, J.H.; Benson, G.J.; Thurmon, J.C.; Tranquilli, W.J.; Constable, P.D.; Olson, W.O.; Davis, L.E. |
Title |
Hemodynamic effects of calcium gluconate administered to conscious horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1996 |
Publication |
Journal of veterinary internal medicine / American College of Veterinary Internal Medicine |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Vet Intern Med |
Volume |
10 |
Issue |
6 |
Pages |
401-404 |
Keywords |
Animals; Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology; Calcium/blood; Calcium Gluconate/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Cardiac Output/drug effects/physiology; Consciousness/*physiology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology; Hemodynamic Processes/*drug effects/physiology; Horses/blood/*physiology; Infusions, Intravenous; Male; Myocardial Contraction/drug effects/physiology; Respiration/drug effects/physiology; Stroke Volume/drug effects/physiology; Time Factors |
Abstract |
Calcium gluconate was administered to conscious horses at 3 different rates (0.1, 0.2, and 0.4 mg/kg/min for 15 minutes each). Serum calcium concentrations and parameters of cardiovascular function were evaluated. All 3 calcium administration rates caused marked increases in both ionized and total calcium concentrations, cardiac index, stroke index, and cardiac contractility (dP/dtmax). Mean arterial pressure and right atrial pressure were unchanged; heart rate decreased markedly during calcium administration. Ionized calcium concentration remained between 54% and 57% of total calcium concentration throughout the study. We conclude that calcium gluconate can safely be administered to conscious horses at 0.1 to 0.4 mg/kg/min and that administration will result in improved cardiac function. |
Address |
Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA |
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English |
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Series Volume |
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Series Issue |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0891-6640 |
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Notes |
PMID:8947873 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
97 |
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Author |
Trim, C.M.; Moore, J.N.; Clark, E.S. |
Title |
Renal effects of dopamine infusion in conscious horses |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1989 |
Publication |
Equine veterinary journal. Supplement |
Abbreviated Journal |
Equine Vet J Suppl |
Volume |
|
Issue |
7 |
Pages |
124-128 |
Keywords |
Animals; Blood Pressure/drug effects/physiology; Consciousness/*physiology; Creatinine/blood; Dopamine/administration & dosage/*pharmacology; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Female; Heart Rate/drug effects/physiology; Horses/*physiology; Infusions, Intravenous/veterinary; Kidney/blood supply/*drug effects/physiology; Osmolar Concentration; Potassium/blood; Random Allocation; Regional Blood Flow/drug effects/physiology; Renal Artery/drug effects/physiology/ultrasonography; Sodium/blood; Time Factors; Ultrasonography/methods/veterinary; Urination/physiology |
Abstract |
An ultrasonic flow probe was implanted around a branch of the left renal artery in five horses. The effects of dopamine were studied in the unsedated horses 10 days after surgery. Three experiments, separated by at least two days, were performed in random order on each horse. In two experiments, dopamine was infused intravenously for 60 mins at either 2.5 and 5.0 micrograms/kg bodyweight (bwt)/min. Saline was infused for 60 mins before and after each infusion, and for 180 mins in the third experiment as a control. Renal blood flow increased during administration of dopamine at both dose rates (P = 0.0001). Urine volume increased (P = 0.055), and osmolality decreased (P < 0.05), with infusion of dopamine at 5.0 micrograms/kg bwt/min. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were not significantly affected. Fractional excretions of sodium and potassium were not significantly changed with dopamine infusion. The higher dopamine dose rate was accompanied by dysrhythmias in some horses. |
Address |
Department of Large Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA |
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English |
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Notes |
PMID:9118094 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
99 |
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Author |
Alexander, F.; Collett, R.A. |
Title |
Pethidine in the horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1974 |
Publication |
Research in veterinary science |
Abbreviated Journal |
Res Vet Sci |
Volume |
17 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
136-137 |
Keywords |
Animals; Half-Life; Horses/*metabolism; Injections, Intravenous/veterinary; Male; Meperidine/administration & dosage/analysis/*metabolism/pharmacology |
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English |
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ISSN |
0034-5288 |
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Notes |
PMID:4421117 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
113 |
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Author |
Alexander, F.; Nicholson, J.D. |
Title |
The blood and saliva clearances of phenobarbitone and pentobarbitone in the horse |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1968 |
Publication |
Biochemical pharmacology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Biochem Pharmacol |
Volume |
17 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
203-210 |
Keywords |
Animals; Female; *Horses; Injections, Intravenous; Male; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Pentobarbital/blood/*metabolism; Phenobarbital/blood/*metabolism; Protein Binding; *Saliva; Time Factors |
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English |
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Series Editor |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0006-2952 |
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Notes |
PMID:5647047 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
117 |
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Author |
de Waal, F.B.M. |
Title |
How animals do business |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2005 |
Publication |
Scientific American |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Am |
Volume |
292 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
54-61 |
Keywords |
Animals; Attitude; *Behavior, Animal; Cebus; Cooperative Behavior; *Economics; Emotions; Fishes; Food; Humans; Pan troglodytes; Papio; Social Behavior |
Abstract |
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Address |
Emory University, USA |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0036-8733 |
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Notes |
PMID:15915815 |
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no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
166 |
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Author |
de Waal, F.B.M. |
Title |
Peace lessons from an unlikely source |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2004 |
Publication |
PLoS biology |
Abbreviated Journal |
PLoS. Biol. |
Volume |
2 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
E101 |
Keywords |
Animals; Behavior; Behavior, Animal; Culture; Humans; Interpersonal Relations; Research; Social Conditions; Social Environment; United States; *Violence |
Abstract |
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Address |
Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. dewaal@emory.edu |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
1545-7885 |
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Notes |
PMID:15094805 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
174 |
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Author |
Preston, S.D.; de Waal, F.B.M. |
Title |
Empathy: Its ultimate and proximate bases |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2002 |
Publication |
Behavioral and Brain Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Behav Brain Sci |
Volume |
25 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
1-20; discussion 20-71 |
Keywords |
Adult; Animals; Child; Emotions/physiology; *Empathy; Evolution; Haplorhini; Helping Behavior; Humans; Mental Disorders/physiopathology/psychology; Morals; Personality Development; Phylogeny; Prefrontal Cortex/physiopathology; Socialization |
Abstract |
There is disagreement in the literature about the exact nature of the phenomenon of empathy. There are emotional, cognitive, and conditioning views, applying in varying degrees across species. An adequate description of the ultimate and proximate mechanism can integrate these views. Proximately, the perception of an object's state activates the subject's corresponding representations, which in turn activate somatic and autonomic responses. This mechanism supports basic behaviors (e.g., alarm, social facilitation, vicariousness of emotions, mother-infant responsiveness, and the modeling of competitors and predators) that are crucial for the reproductive success of animals living in groups. The Perception-Action Model (PAM), together with an understanding of how representations change with experience, can explain the major empirical effects in the literature (similarity, familiarity, past experience, explicit teaching, and salience). It can also predict a variety of empathy disorders. The interaction between the PAM and prefrontal functioning can also explain different levels of empathy across species and age groups. This view can advance our evolutionary understanding of empathy beyond inclusive fitness and reciprocal altruism and can explain different levels of empathy across individuals, species, stages of development, and situations. |
Address |
University of Iowa Hospital and Clinics, 2RCP-Neurology Clinic, Iowa City, IA 52242. stephanie-d-preston@uiowa.edu |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0140-525X |
ISBN |
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Area |
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Conference |
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Notes |
PMID:12625087 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
181 |
Permanent link to this record |
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Author |
de Waal, F.B.; Aureli, F.; Judge, P.G. |
Title |
Coping with crowding |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Scientific American |
Abbreviated Journal |
Sci Am |
Volume |
282 |
Issue |
5 |
Pages |
76-81 |
Keywords |
*Adaptation, Psychological; Animals; Behavior, Animal; Emotions; Female; Grooming; Homicide; Humans; Macaca mulatta; Male; Pan troglodytes; *Population Density; Primates; Rodentia; Rural Population; Territoriality; Urban Population; Violence |
Abstract |
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Address |
Living Links Center, Yerkes Regional Primate Research Center, Atlanta, USA |
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English |
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ISSN |
0036-8733 |
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Notes |
PMID:11056991 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
184 |
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Author |
Parish, A.R.; De Waal, F.B. |
Title |
The other “closest living relative”. How bonobos (Pan paniscus) challenge traditional assumptions about females, dominance, intra- and intersexual interactions, and hominid evolution |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
2000 |
Publication |
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences |
Abbreviated Journal |
Ann N Y Acad Sci |
Volume |
907 |
Issue |
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Pages |
97-113 |
Keywords |
Animals; *Evolution; Female; Hominidae/*physiology; Humans; *Interpersonal Relations; Male; Pan paniscus/*physiology; Sexual Behavior, Animal/*physiology |
Abstract |
Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) societies are typically characterized as physically aggressive, male-bonded and male-dominated. Their close relatives, the bonobos (Pan paniscus), differ in startling and significant ways. For instance, female bonobos bond with one another, form coalitions, and dominate males. A pattern of reluctance to consider, let alone acknowledge, female dominance in bonobos exists, however. Because both species are equally “man's” closest relative, the bonobo social system complicates models of human evolution that have historically been based upon referents that are male and chimpanzee-like. The bonobo evidence suggests that models of human evolution must be reformulated such that they also accommodate: real and meaningful female bonds; the possibility of systematic female dominance over males; female mating strategies which encompass extra-group paternities; hunting and meat distribution by females; the importance of the sharing of plant foods; affinitive inter-community interactions; males that do not stalk and attack and are not territorial; and flexible social relationships in which philopatry does not necessarily predict bonding pattern. |
Address |
Department of Anthropology, University College London, England |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0077-8923 |
ISBN |
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Notes |
PMID:10818623 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
189 |
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Author |
de Waal, F.B.; Seres, M. |
Title |
Propagation of handclasp grooming among captive chimpanzees |
Type |
Journal Article |
Year |
1997 |
Publication |
American journal of primatology |
Abbreviated Journal |
Am. J. Primatol. |
Volume |
43 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
339-346 |
Keywords |
Animals; Family Relations; Female; *Grooming; Learning; Male; Pan troglodytes/*psychology; *Social Behavior |
Abstract |
A grooming posture previously reported for two wild chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) communities developed spontaneously in a captive group of the same species. This offered a unique opportunity to follow the propagation of a new social custom. The posture consists of two partners grasping hands--either both right hands or both left hands--and raising the arms in an A-frame above their heads while mutually grooming with their free hands. The propagation of this pattern was followed over a 5 year period. In the beginning, handclasps were always initiated by the same adult female. This female initiated the posture mainly with her adult female kin. In subsequent years, these relatives became frequent participants in the posture with each other as well as with nonrelatives. Over the years the posture increased in frequency and duration and spread to the majority of adults and also to a few adolescents and older juveniles. The pattern persisted after removal of the apparent originator. |
Address |
Yerkes Primate Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA. dewaal@emory.edu |
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English |
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Edition |
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ISSN |
0275-2565 |
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Notes |
PMID:9403098 |
Approved |
no |
Call Number |
refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
202 |
Permanent link to this record |