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Author |
Shettleworth, S.J. |
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Title |
Handling time and choice in pigeons |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
J Exp Anal Behav |
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Volume |
44 |
Issue |
2 |
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139-155 |
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Abstract |
According to optimal foraging theory, animals should prefer food items with the highest ratios of energy intake to handling time. When single items have negligible handling times, one large item should be preferred to a collection of small ones of equivalent total weight. However, when pigeons were offered such a choice on equal concurrent variable-interval schedules in a shuttlebox, they preferred the side offering many small items per reinforcement to that offering one or a few relatively large items. This preference was still evident on concurrent fixed-cumulative-duration schedules in which choosing the alternative with longer handling time substantially lowered the rate of food intake. |
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English |
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0022-5002 |
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PMID:16812429 |
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refbase @ user @ |
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383 |
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Author |
Cook, M.; Mineka, S.; Wolkenstein, B.; Laitsch, K. |
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Title |
Observational conditioning of snake fear in unrelated rhesus monkeys |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Journal of abnormal psychology |
Abbreviated Journal |
J Abnorm Psychol |
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Volume |
94 |
Issue |
4 |
Pages |
591-610 |
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Keywords |
Animals; *Conditioning, Classical; *Fear; Female; Macaca mulatta; Male; Snakes |
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0021-843X |
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PMID:4078162 |
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refbase @ user @ |
Serial |
707 |
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Author |
Packer, C.; Pusey, A. E. |
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Title |
Asymmetric contests in social mammals: respect, manipulation and age-specific aspects |
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Book Chapter |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Evolution: Essays in Honour of John Maynard Smith |
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Pages |
173-86 |
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Camebridge University Press |
Place of Publication |
Camebridge |
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Greenwood, P.J.; Slatkin, M.; |
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819 |
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Author |
Chase, I.D. |
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Title |
The sequential analysis of aggressive acts during hierarchy formation: an application of the `jigsaw puzzle' approach |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Animal Behaviour. |
Abbreviated Journal |
Anim. Behav. |
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33 |
Issue |
1 |
Pages |
86-100 |
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Abstract |
The `jigsaw puzzle' approach is a general method for investigating how interactions among individuals cumulate to form the overall patterns of dominance behaviour in groups. Here, the model is used to discover how aggressive interactions between pairs of individuals modify subsequent interactions with bystanders or third parties. The model indicates that four sequences of successive, aggressive acts are possible in component triads of larger groups: two ensure transitive attack relationships and two can lead to either transitive or intransitive relationships. An application of the model to 14 groups of four hens demonstrates that the two sequences guaranteeing transitivity make up 77% of all sequences. More specifically, hens attacking one group member usually go on to attack a second member, and hens receiving one attack frequently receive a second attack from a bystander. In contrast, an attacked hen rarely `redirects' an attack to a bystander, and a bystander rarely attacks a group member who has just attacked another individual. The application of the jigsaw puzzle approach to aggressive sequences in other species is discussed. Data available for several primate species corroborate the findings in hens and provide support for the method as a general tool for investigating the proximate mechanisms of hierarchy formation. |
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refbase @ user @ |
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856 |
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Author |
Berger J. |
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Title |
Interspecific Interactions and Dominance among Wild Great Basin Ungulates |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Journal of Mammalogy |
Abbreviated Journal |
J. Mamm. |
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Volume |
66 |
Issue |
3 |
Pages |
. 571-573 |
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Call Number |
Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
Serial |
2231 |
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Author |
CROWELL-DAVIS SL et al |
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Title |
Snapping by foals of Equus caballus. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie |
Abbreviated Journal |
Z. Tierpsychol. |
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Volume |
69 |
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Pages |
42-54 |
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Notes |
from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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Serial |
997 |
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Author |
EISENMANN, V. |
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Title |
Le couagga: un zebre aux origines. |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
La Recherche |
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Volume |
16 |
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Pages |
254-256 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1055 |
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Author |
Klimov Vv, |
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Title |
A spatial- ethological organization of the herd of Przewalski's horses in Askania – Nova |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
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Abbreviated Journal |
Zool J |
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Volume |
64 |
Issue |
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Pages |
282-295 |
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from Professor Hans Klingels Equine Reference List |
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1276 |
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Author |
Berger, J.; Rudman, R. |
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Title |
Predation and Interactions between Coyotes and Feral Horse Foals |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
ournal of Mammalogy |
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J. Mammal. |
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Volume |
66 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
401-402 |
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2017 |
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Author |
Chu, G.Z., et al |
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Title |
The summer habitat and population numbers of the Mongolian wild ass in the Kalamaili Mountains Wildlife Reserve, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region |
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Journal Article |
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Year |
1985 |
Publication |
Acta Zoologica Sinica |
Abbreviated Journal |
Acta Zoologica Sinica |
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Volume |
31 |
Issue |
2 |
Pages |
178-186 |
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Chineese |
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Equine Behaviour @ team @ |
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2258 |
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